Kisan Kai

Cututtukan tunani-ciki har da baƙin ciki, cuta mai bipolar, Autism, schizophrenia, rikicewar ɗabi'a, rikicewar tashin hankali, da shaye-shaye-ciki har da barasa da kuma amfani da benzodiazepines-sune abubuwan haɗari. Wasu masu kashe kansu ayyuka ne masu ban sha'awa saboda damuwa, kamar daga matsalolin kuɗi, matsalolin dangantaka kamar rabuwa, ko kuma zalunci. Wadanda suka yi yunkurin kashe kansu a baya suna cikin haɗari mafi girma don yunƙurin nan gaba. Ƙoƙarin rigakafin kashe kansa mai inganci ya haɗa da iyakance damar yin amfani da hanyoyin kashe kansa—kamar bindigogi, ƙwayoyi, da guba; magance matsalolin tunani da rashin amfani da abu; rahotannin kafofin watsa labaru a hankali game da kashe kansa; da inganta yanayin tattalin arziki. Duk da cewa layukan tarzoma sun zama ruwan dare, ba a yi nazari sosai ba.

Kisan kai
Description (en)
Iri	killing (en) , autoaggression (en) calamity (en)
Specialty (en)	psychiatry (en) Ilimin halin dan Adam
Identifier (en)
ICD-10	X60 da X84
ICD-9	E950
DiseasesDB	12641
MedlinePlus	001554
eMedicine	001554
MeSH	D013405

Hanyar kashe kansa da aka fi amfani da ita ta kuma bambanta tsakanin ƙasashe, kuma tana da alaƙa da samun ingantattun hanyoyi. Hanyoyin da ake amfani da su na kashe kansa sun haɗa da rataye, gubar magungunan kashe qwari, da bindigogi. Kisan kai ya yi sanadiyar mutuwar mutane 828,000 a duniya a shekarar 2015, adadin da ya karu daga 712,000 da suka mutu a shekarar 1990. Wannan ya sa kashe kansa ya zama na 10 da ke haddasa mace-mace a duniya.

Kusan 1.5% na mutane suna mutuwa ta hanyar kashe kansu. A cikin shekarar da ta gabata, kusan kashi 12 cikin 100,000 ne. Yawan kashe kashe kansa gabaɗaya ya fi girma a tsakanin maza fiye da na mata, wanda ya ninka sau 1.5 a ƙasashe masu tasowa zuwa sau 3.5 a cikin ƙasashen da suka ci gaba. Kisan kai ya fi zama ruwan dare a tsakanin wadanda suka haura shekaru 70; duk da haka, a wasu ƙasashe, masu shekaru tsakanin 15 zuwa 30 suna cikin haɗari mafi girma. Turai ce ta fi kowace yanki yawan kashe kai a cikin 2015. Akwai kimanin mutane miliyan 10 zuwa 20 na yunkurin kashe kansu a duk shekara. Ƙoƙarin kashe kansa na marasa mutuwa na iya haifar da rauni da naƙasa na dogon lokaci. A kasashen yammacin duniya, yunkurin ya zama ruwan dare tsakanin matasa da kuma tsakanin mata.

Ra'ayi game da kashe kansa ya sami tasiri ga jigogi masu fa'ida kamar addini, girmamawa, da ma'anar rayuwa. Addinai na Ibrahim a al'ada suna ɗaukar kashe kansa a matsayin laifi ga Allah, saboda imani da tsarkakar rayuwa. A lokacin samurai a kasar Japan, an mutunta wani nau'in kashe kansa da ake kira seppuku (harakiri) a matsayin hanyar yin kasawa ko kuma wani nau'i na zanga-zanga. Sati, al'adar da Rajan Biritaniya ta haramta, ta yi tsammanin bazawarar Indiya za ta kashe kanta a gobarar jana'izar mijinta, da son rai ko kuma ta fuskanci matsin lamba daga danginta da al'ummarta. Kisan kai da yunƙurin kashe kansa, yayin da a baya ba bisa ka'ida ba, ba ya wanzu a yawancin ƙasashen yamma. Ya kasance laifin aikata laifi a wasu ƙasashe. A cikin karni na 20 da 21, an yi amfani da kunar bakin wake a lokuta da ba kasafai ba a matsayin wani nau'i na zanga-zangar, kuma ana amfani da kamikaze da kunar bakin wake a matsayin dabarar soja ko ta'addanci.

Kashe kaii, wanda aka samo daga Latin suicidium , shine "aikin kashe kansa". Ƙoƙarin kashe kaii ko halin kashe kansa ba tare da kisa ba ya kai ga cutar da kai tare da aƙalla sha’awar kawo ƙarshen rayuwar da ba ta haifar da mutuwa ba. Taimakon kashe kansa yana faruwa ne lokacin da mutum ɗaya ya taimaka wa wani ya kawo mutuwarsu a kaikaice ta hanyar ba da ko dai shawara ko hanyar zuwa ƙarshe. Wannan ya bambanta da euthanasia, inda wani mutum ya dauki nauyin da ya fi dacewa wajen kawo mutuwar mutum. Tunanin kashe kansa shine tunanin kawo karshen rayuwar mutum amma ba yin wani kokari na yin hakan ba. Yana iya ko bazai ƙunshi ainihin tsari ko niyya ba. A cikin kisan kai-kashe (ko kisan kai-kashe), mutum yana da niyyar ɗaukar rayukan wasu a lokaci guda. Wani lamari na musamman na wannan shi ne tsawaita kashe kansa, inda kisan ya samo asali ne ta hanyar ganin mutanen da aka kashe a matsayin kari na kansu. Kashe kansa wanda dalilin shi ne cewa mutum yana jin cewa ba sa cikin al'umma an san shi da kisan kai mai girman kai .

 

A cikin 2011, Cibiyar Rigakafin Kashe Kashe a Kanada ta gano cewa kalma ta yau da kullun a cikin binciken masana da aikin jarida don aikin kashe kansa an kashe shi . A gefe guda, tsarin ilimin halayyar Amurka "sun kashe kashe kansa" a matsayin lokaci don gujewa saboda shi "firam [firam! Wasu kungiyoyin bayar da shawarwari sun ba da shawarar yin amfani da sharuɗɗan ya kashe kansa/ta, ya mutu ta hanyar kashe kansa, ko kuma ya kashe kansa maimakon ya kashe kansa . The Associated Press Stylebook ya ba da shawarar gujewa "yin kashe kansa" sai dai a cikin maganganun kai tsaye daga hukumomi. Jagororin salon masu gadi da masu lura sun hana amfani da "aiki", kamar yadda CNN ke yi. Masu adawa da aikata laifin suna jayayya cewa yana nufin cewa kashe kansa laifi ne, zunubi, ko kuma rashin ɗabi'a.

Abubuwan da ke shafar haɗarin kashe kansa sun haɗa da rikice-rikice na tunani, rashin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, jihohin tunani, al'adu, yanayin iyali da zamantakewa, kwayoyin halitta, abubuwan da suka faru na rauni ko asara, da kuma nihilism . Cututtukan tunani da rashin amfani da abubuwa akai-akai suna kasancewa tare. Sauran abubuwan haɗari sun haɗa da yin ƙoƙarin kashe kansa a baya, shirye-shiryen samar da hanyar ɗaukar ran mutum, tarihin iyali na kashe kansa, ko kasancewar raunin kwakwalwa mai rauni . Misali, an gano adadin kashe kansa ya yi yawa a gidajen da ke da bindigogi fiye da wadanda ba su da su.