ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱫ ᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱮᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱳᱞᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱮᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱰᱮᱦᱮᱨ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱴᱚᱢᱥᱯᱷᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱮᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱡᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱳᱨᱵᱤᱴᱟᱞ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱢᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱟᱹ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱟᱨᱵᱟᱝ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱯᱛᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱛᱷᱚᱠ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱩᱨᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱧᱮᱧᱮᱞ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱡᱟᱜᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱞᱟᱥᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱮ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱮᱴᱠᱮᱴᱚᱬᱮ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱩᱰᱤᱧ ᱜᱮ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱝᱠᱟᱱ ᱧᱩᱛᱩᱢᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱹᱱᱢᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱸᱜᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱫ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱵᱟᱱᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱾
Designations | |||||||||||||||||
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Pronunciation | /ˈviːnəs/ | ||||||||||||||||
Orbital characteristics | |||||||||||||||||
Epoch J2000 | |||||||||||||||||
Aphelion |
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Perihelion |
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Semi-major axis |
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Eccentricity | 0.006772 | ||||||||||||||||
Orbital period |
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Synodic period | 583.92 days | ||||||||||||||||
Average orbital speed | 35.02 km/s | ||||||||||||||||
Mean anomaly | 50.115° | ||||||||||||||||
Inclination |
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Longitude of ascending node | 76.680° | ||||||||||||||||
Argument of perihelion | 54.884° | ||||||||||||||||
Satellites | None | ||||||||||||||||
Physical characteristics | |||||||||||||||||
Mean radius |
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Flattening | 0 | ||||||||||||||||
Surface area |
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Volume |
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Mass |
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Mean density | 5.243 g/cm3 | ||||||||||||||||
Surface gravity |
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Escape velocity | 10.36 km/s (6.44 mi/s) | ||||||||||||||||
Sidereal rotation period | (retrograde) −243.025 d | ||||||||||||||||
Equatorial rotation velocity | 6.52 km/h (1.81 m/s) | ||||||||||||||||
Axial tilt | 2.64° (for retrograde rotation) | ||||||||||||||||
North pole right ascension |
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North pole declination | 67.16° | ||||||||||||||||
Albedo |
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Apparent magnitude | −4.92 to −2.98 | ||||||||||||||||
Angular diameter | 9.7″–66.0″ | ||||||||||||||||
Atmosphere | |||||||||||||||||
Surface pressure | 92 bar (9.2 MPa) 91 atm | ||||||||||||||||
Composition by volume |
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ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱢᱮᱜᱽᱱᱮᱴᱚᱥᱯᱷᱮᱭᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱚᱱ ᱰᱟᱭᱠᱥᱟᱭᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱥᱟᱞᱯᱷᱟᱨᱤᱠ ᱮᱥᱤᱰᱤ ᱵᱩᱨᱩ ᱪᱚᱠᱨᱚ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱥᱴᱨᱤᱢ ᱜᱨᱤᱱ ᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥ ᱮᱯᱷᱮᱠᱴ (greenhouse effect) ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱗᱗᱓ K (᱔᱖᱔ °C; ᱘᱖᱗ °F) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱵᱷᱚᱨᱮᱡᱽ ᱴᱮᱢᱯᱚᱨᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱚᱨᱭᱟ ᱟᱴᱮᱫ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱙᱒ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱨᱩᱥᱤᱝ ᱯᱨᱮᱥᱚᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱩᱯᱚᱨᱠᱨᱤᱛᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱯᱷᱞᱭᱩᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱟᱛᱟᱣ ᱮᱫᱼᱟ, ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱕᱐ ᱠᱤᱞᱚᱢᱤᱴᱚᱨ (᱓᱐ ᱢᱟᱭᱤᱞ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱟᱹᱨ, ᱴᱮᱢᱯᱚᱨᱟᱪᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱵᱤᱥᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱰᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱚᱨᱥᱚᱝ ᱠᱚ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱛᱚᱵᱮ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱬᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱤᱣᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱵᱤᱫᱷᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱜᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱤᱠᱣᱤᱰ ᱥᱟᱨᱯᱷᱮᱥ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱟᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱟᱱᱣᱮ ᱜᱨᱤᱱᱦᱟᱣᱩᱥ ᱮᱯᱷᱮᱠᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱮᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱳᱞᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱮᱡ ᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱮᱴ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱳᱨ, ᱢᱟᱱᱴᱤᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱨᱚᱥᱴ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭᱚᱜ-ᱟ, ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱮᱠᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱵᱩᱞᱠᱟᱱᱤᱥᱢ ᱦᱚᱛᱮᱛᱮ ᱤᱱᱴᱟᱨᱱᱟᱞ ᱦᱤᱴ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱞᱮᱴ ᱴᱮᱠᱴᱚᱱᱤᱠᱥ (plate tectonics) ᱵᱮᱜᱚᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱨᱮᱥᱯᱮᱨᱪᱤᱝ (resurfacing) ᱛᱮ ᱚᱛ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱩᱯ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱳᱞᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱱ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱱᱩᱜᱼᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ Jldi ᱨᱮ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾
ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱨᱚᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱞᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱵᱤᱴᱟᱞ ᱰᱟᱭᱨᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ (ᱨᱮᱴᱨᱚᱜᱨᱟᱰ) ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱟᱡᱟᱜ ᱨᱟᱵᱟᱝ ᱨᱩᱣᱟᱹᱲ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱨᱳᱴᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱒᱒᱔.᱗ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱩᱲᱟᱹᱭ ᱠᱟᱛᱮᱜ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱧ ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ (ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱳᱞᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ) ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱑᱑᱗ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ-ᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱳᱞᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱤᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱦᱟᱱᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱫᱤᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱵᱤᱴᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱥᱳᱞᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱮᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱑.᱖ ᱥᱮᱨᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱥᱤᱱᱚᱰᱤᱠ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱜᱚᱴᱟᱝ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱟᱸᱣ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱩᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱱᱠᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱩᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱸᱱᱟ, ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱠᱩᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱛᱟᱞᱢᱟ ᱯᱞᱟᱱᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱨᱟᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱳᱞᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱮᱢ ᱨᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸᱭ ᱵᱟᱨᱭᱟ ᱡᱟᱭᱜᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮ ᱟᱹᱨᱤᱪᱟᱹᱞᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱮᱱᱚᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱟᱨ ᱡᱮᱜᱮᱛᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱩᱰᱟᱹᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱱᱟᱯᱟᱭ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾
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