古埃及(粵拼:gu2 oi1 kap6)係源遠流長嘅文明。佢位處非洲東北,由尼羅河中游向下游發展,歷時超過三千五百年。佢哋國力時有盛衰,強嘅時候可以伸到東面沙漠、西奈半島、紅海沿岸、地中海東岸嘅亞洲地方,同埋西邊沙漠嘅綠洲;最高峰係大約公元前2000年時期嘅新王國。
托勒密王國時代嘅曼涅托用希臘文寫咗《埃及史》,將古埃及歷史分做30個王朝,由第一王朝到第三十王朝。佢劃分嘅30個朝代到依家都仲採用緊,而第三十一同之後嘅王朝就由後人加落去。
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