October 8 is the 281st day of the year (282nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 84 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
Up to 1900
1901 – 2000
- 1904 – Edmonton, Alberta and Prince Albert, Saskatchewan become cities.
- 1912 – The First Balkan War begins: Montenegro declares war on the Ottoman Empire.
- 1918 – World War I: In the Argonne Forest, France, US Corporal Alvin C. York kills 28 German soldiers and captures 132.
- 1928 – Joseph Szigeti gives the first performance of Alfredo Casella's violin concerto.
- 1932 – The Indian Air Force is created.
- 1939 – World War II: Germany annexes Western Poland.
- 1941 – World War II: In their invasion of the Soviet Union, Germany reaches the Sea of Azov with the capture of Mariupol.
- 1952 – United Kingdom: The Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash occurs. It is the UK's deadliest peacetime rail disaster.
- 1956 – The New York Yankees player Don Larsen pitches the only perfect game in a World Series.
- 1962 – Algeria joins the UN.
- 1962 – Germany's Der Spiegel publishes an article on the Bundeswehr (German army), which leads to a major scandal.
- 1967 – Che Guevara is captured in Bolivia, leading to his execution the next day.
- 1973 – Yom Kippur War: Gabi Amir's armored brigade attack Egyptian-occupied positions on Israel's side of the Suez Canal, in hope of driving them away. The attack fails, destroying over 150 Israeli tanks.
- 1974 – Baja California Sur becomes a state of Mexico.
- 1978 – Australian Ken Warby sets the a water speed record, which still stands.
- 1982 – Trade Unions, including Solidarity, are banned in Poland.
- 1982 – The musical Cats opens on Broadway.
- 1990 – Israel-Palestinian Conflict: In Jerusalem, Israeli police kill 17 Palestinian and injure over 100 near the Dome of the Rock.
- 1991 – Croatia decides to sever constitutional relations with Yugoslavia.
- 1998 – In Oslo, Gardermoen Airport replaces Fornebu Airport.
- 2000 – Aleksander Kwasniewski is re-elected as President of Poland.
From 2001
Births
Up to 1900
- 1515 – Margaret Douglas, Scottish noblewoman (d. 1578)
- 1585 – Heinrich Schütz, German composer (d. 1672)
- 1661 – Michel Le Quien, French history writer (d. 1733)
- 1676 – Benito Jeronimo Feijoo, Galician monk and scholar (d. 1764)
- 1713 – Yechezkel Landau, Polish rabbi (d. 1793)
- 1715 – Michel Benoist, French Jesuit missionary (d. 1774)
- 1720 – Jonathan Mayhew, American minister (d. 1766)
- 1747 – Jean-Francois Rewbell, French politician (d. 1807)
- 1789 – William John Swainson, English-New Zealand ornithologist and entomologist (d. 1855)
- 1789 – John Ruggles, American politician (d. 1874)
- 1807 – Harriet Taylor Mill, English philosopher and activist (d. 1858)
- 1818 – John Henninger Reagan, American politician (d. 1905)
- 1823 – Ivan Aksakov, Russian writer (d. 1876)
- 1826 – Emily Blackwell, American physician and activist (d. 1910)
- 1834 – Walter Kittredge, American violinist and composer (d. 1905)
- 1843 – Kitty Kielland, Norwegian artist (d. 1914)
- 1846 – Bjorn Jonsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (d. 1912)
- 1850 – Henry Louis Le Chatelier, French chemist (d. 1936)
- 1863 – Edythe Chapman, American actress (d. 1948)
- 1864 – Ozias Leduc, Canadian painter (d. 1955)
- 1868 – Max Slevogt, German painter (d. 1932)
- 1868 – Coleman Livingston Blease, Governor of South Carolina (d. 1942)
- 1870 – Louis Vierne, French composer (d. 1937)
- 1871 – Ivan Poddubny, Russian wrestler (d. 1949)
- 1873 – Ejnar Hertzsprung, Danish chemist and astronomer (d. 1967)
- 1873 – Alexey Shchusev, Russian architect (d. 1949)
- 1875 – Laurence Doherty, English tennis player (d. 1919)
- 1877 – Hans Heysen, German-born landscape artist (d. 1968)
- 1883 – Otto Heinrich Warburg, German chemist, won the 1931 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1970)
- 1883 – Dick Burnett, American musician (d. 1977)
- 1884 – Walther von Reichenau, German general (d. 1942)
- 1889 – Collett E. Woolman, American businessman (d. 1966)
- 1890 – Edward Rickenbacker, American fighter pilot (d. 1973)
- 1890 – Philippe Thys, Belgian cyclist (d. 1971)
- 1892 – Marina Tsvetaeva, Russian poet (d. 1941)
- 1893 – Clarence Williams, American pianist and composer (d. 1965)
- 1895 – Juan Perón, President of Argentina (d. 1974)
- 1895 – Zog I, King of Albania (d. 1961)
- 1896 – Julien Duvivier, French director, producer and screenwriter (d. 1967)
- 1897 – Rouben Mamoulian, Armenian director (d. 1987)
1901 – 1950
- 1901 – Eivind Groven, Norwegian composer and theorist (d. 1977)
- 1901 – Mark Oliphant, Australian physicist, humanitarian and politician, Governor of South Australia (d. 2000)
- 1903 – Georgy Geshev, Bulgarian chess player (d. 1937)
- 1908 – Martha Dodd, American writer (d. 1990)
- 1910 – Paulette Dubost, French actress (d. 2011)
- 1910 – Gus Hall, American Communist politician (d. 2000)
- 1913 – Robert Gilruth, American aviation and space travel pioneer (d. 2000)
- 1917 – Rodney Robert Porter, British biochemist (d. 1985)
- 1917 – Billy Conn, American boxer (d. 1993)
- 1917 – Walter Lord, American writer (d. 2002)
- 1918 – Jens Christian Skou, Danish chemist (d. 2018)
- 1919 – Kiichi Miyazawa, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 2007)
- 1920 – Frank Herbert, American science fiction writer (d. 1986)
- 1922 – Nils Liedholm, Swedish footballer (d. 2007)
- 1924 – Alphons Egli, Swiss politician (d. 2016)
- 1927 – César Milstein, Argentine scientist (d. 2002)
- 1927 – Raymond Chow, Hong Kong film producer (d. 2018)
- 1928 – Bill Maynard, English actor (d. 2018)
- 1929 – Betty Boothroyd, English politician
- 1929 – Valdir Pereira, Brazilian footballer (d. 2001)
- 1929 – Franklin Stahl, American geneticist and biologist
- 1930 – Alasdair Milne, English director and producer (d. 2013)
- 1931 – Bill Brown, Scottish footballer (d. 2004)
- 1932 – Kenneth Appel, American mathematician (d. 2013)
- 1932 – Ray Reardon, Welsh snooker player
- 1934 – James Holshouser, American politician, 68th Governor of North Carolina (d. 2013)
- 1935 – Albert Roux, French-English chef
- 1937 – Paul Schell, American politician, 50th Mayor of Seattle (d. 2014)
- 1938 – Walter Gretzky, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
- 1938 – Bronislovas Lubys, Lithuanian politician and businessman (d. 2011)
- 1939 – Paul Hogan, Australian actor
- 1939 – Harvey Pekar, American writer (d. 2010)
- 1939 – Tanhum Cohen-Mintz, Israeli basketball player (d. 2014)
- 1939 – Lynne Stewart, American attorney (d. 2017)
- 1941 – Jesse Jackson, American clergyman and activist
- 1943 – Chevy Chase, American comedian and actor
- 1946 – Dennis Kucinich, American politician
- 1946 – Hanan Ashrawi, Pakistani scholar, activist and politician
- 1946 – Jean-Jacques Beineix, French director and producer
- 1948 – Gottfried Helnwein, Austrian-Irish artist
- 1948 – Claude Jade, French actress (d. 2006)
- 1948 – Pedro Lopez, Colombian serial killer
- 1948 – Johnny Ramone, American musician (d. 2004)
- 1948 – Baldwin Spencer, former Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda
- 1949 – Sigourney Weaver, American actress
- 1950 – Blake Morrison, English writer
- 1950 – Miguel Brindisi, Argentine footballer
1951 – 1975
- 1951 – Shannon C. Stimson, American political theorist
- 1952 – Takis Koroneos, Greek basketball player and coach
- 1952 – Edward Zwick, American director, producer and screenwriter
- 1953 – Robert Saxton, English composer
- 1954 – Brigitte Rohde, German sprinter
- 1956 – Janice E. Voss, American astronaut (d. 2012)
- 1956 – Stephanie Zimbalist, American actress
- 1957 – Martha Kearney, Irish-British broadcaster
- 1957 – Antonio Cabrini, Italian footballer
- 1958 – Ursula von der Leyen, German politician
- 1960 – Reed Hastings, American businessman, co-founder of Netflix
- 1960 – François Perusse, Canadian humorist
- 1964 – Jakob Arjouni, German writer (d. 2013)
- 1964 – CeCe Winans, American singer
- 1965 – C. J. Ramone, American musician
- 1965 – Ardal O'Hanlon, Irish comedian and actor
- 1965 – Harri Koskela, Finnish wrestler
- 1968 – Zvonimir Boban, Croatian footballer
- 1968 – Emily Procter, American actress
- 1970 – Matt Damon, American actor
- 1970 – Anne-Marie Duff, British actress
- 1970 – Sadiq Khan, British politician, Mayor of London
- 1970 – Tetsuya Nomura, Japanese video game designer and director
- 1971 – Monty Williams, American basketball player
- 1971 – David Gauke, British politician
- 1972 – Stanislav Varga, Slovakian footballer
- 1972 – Terry Balsamo, American guitarist
- 1972 – Kim Myung-min, South Korean actor
- 1974 – Fredrik Modin, Swedish ice hockey player
- 1974 – Koji Murofushi, Japanese hammer thrower
From 1976
- 1976 – Karina Bacchi, Brazilian model and actress
- 1976 – Renate Groenwold, Dutch speed skater
- 1976 – Seryoga, Belarussian rapper, actor and producer
- 1977 – Anne-Caroline Chausson, French cyclist
- 1977 – Jamie Marchi, American voice actress, director and screenwriter
- 1977 – Erna Siikavirta, Finnish musician (Lordi)
- 1977 – Travis Wester, American actor
- 1978 – Antonino D'Agostino, Italian footballer
- 1979 – Kristanna Loken, American actress
- 1980 – Nick Cannon, American actor, rapper and producer
- 1980 – The Miz, American professional wrestler
- 1981 – Chris Killen, New Zealand footballer
- 1984 – Anthony Le Tallec, French footballer
- 1985 – Eiji Wentz, Japanese entertainer
- 1985 – Simone Bolelli, Italian tennis player
- 1985 – Bruno Mars, American singer-songwriter
- 1987 – Aya Hirano, Japanese voice actress
- 1989 – Armand Traoré, French footballer
- 1993 – Angus T. Jones, American actor
- 1993 – Garbiñe Muguruza, Spanish tennis player
- 1993 – Barbara Palvin, Hungarian model
- 1993 – Molly Quinn, American actress
- 1996 – Sara Takanashi, Japanese ski jumper
- 1997 – Bella Thorne, American actress, singer and dancer
Deaths
Up to 1900
- 976 – Helen of Zadar, Queen of Croatia
- 1286 – John I of Dreux, Duke of Brittany (b. 1217)
- 1317 – Emperor Fushimi of Japan (b. 1265)
- 1621 – Antoine de Montchrestien, French soldier, playwright and economist (b. 1575)
- 1647 – Christian Soren Longomontanus, Danish astronomer (b. 1562)
- 1652 – John Greaves, English mathematician and astronomer (b. 1602)
- 1656 – John George I, Elector of Saxony (b. 1585)
- 1735 – Yongzheng Emperor of China (b. 1678)
- 1754 – Henry Fielding, English writer (b. 1707)
- 1772 – Jean-Joseph de Mondonville, French violinist and composer (b. 1711)
- 1793 – John Hancock, American revolutionary and businessman (b. 1737)
- 1802 – Emmanuel Vitale, Maltese general (b. 1758)
- 1803 – Vittorio Alfieri, Italian writer (b. 1749)
- 1809 – James Elphinston, Scottish linguist, educator and orthographer (b. 1721)
- 1820 – Henri Christophe, King of Haiti (b. 1767)
- 1834 – François-Adrien Boieldieu, French composer (b. 1775)
- 1869 – Franklin Pierce, 14th President of the United States (b. 1804)
- 1879 – Miguel Grau Seminario, Peruvian naval officer (b. 1834)
- 1886 – Austin F. Pike, American politician (b. 1819)
- 1891 – Giovanni Caselli, Italian physicist (b. 1815)
- 1894 – Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., American physician and writer (b. 1809)
- 1895 – Empress Myeongseong of Korea (b. 1851)
- 1897 – Alexei Savrasov, Russian painter (b. 1830)
1901 – 2000
- 1928 – Larry Semon, silent movie comedian (b. 1889)
- 1936 – Premchand, Indian writer (b. 1880)
- 1936 – Red Ames, American baseball player (b. 1882)
- 1942 – Sergei Chaplygin, Soviet engineer (b. 1869)
- 1944 – Wendell Willkie, American politician, candidate for President of the United States (b. 1892)
- 1945 – Felix Salten, Austrian writer (b. 1869)
- 1953 – Nigel Bruce, British actor (b. 1895)
- 1953 – Kathleen Ferrier, American contralto (b. 1912)
- 1967 – Clement Attlee, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1883)
- 1972 – Prescott Bush, father of President of the United States George H. W. Bush (b. 1895)
- 1973 – Gabriel Marcel, French philosopher, playwright and critic (b. 1889)
- 1977 – Giorgos Papasideris, Greek singer, composer and lyricist (b. 1902)
- 1982 – Fernando Lamas, Argentine actor (b. 1916)
- 1982 – Philip Noel-Baker, Baron Noel-Baker, English peace activist, Nobel Peace Prize winner (b. 1889)
- 1983 – Joan Hackett, American actress (b. 1934)
- 1983 – Robert Docking, American politician, 38th Governor of Kansas (b. 1925)
- 1985 – Malcolm Ross, American balloonist and atmospheric physicist (b. 1919)
- 1987 – Konstantinos Tsatsos, President of Greece (b. 1899)
- 1992 – Willy Brandt, Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, Nobel Peace Prize winner (b. 1913)
- 1997 – Bertrand Goldberg, American architect (b. 1913)
- 1999 – John McLendon, American basketball player and coach (b. 1915)
From 2001
- 2002 – Jacques Richard, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1952)
- 2004 – Jacques Derrida, French philosopher (b. 1930)
- 2012 – Eric Lomax, Scottish captain and writer (b. 1919)
- 2012 – Ken Sansom, American actor and singer (b. 1927)
- 2012 – Nawal Kishore Sharma, Indian politician, 20th Governor of Gujarat (b. 1925)
- 2012 – John Tchicai, Danish-French saxophonist and composer (b. 1936)
- 2013 – Phil Chevron, Irish singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1957)
- 2014 – Thomas Eric Duncan, Liberian Ebola patient diagnosed in the US (b. 1972)
- 2014 – Jeen van den Berg, Dutch speed skater (b. 1928)
- 2014 – Mike Waugh, American politician (b. 1955)
- 2014 – Helmut Ruge, German comedian, actor and writer (b. 1940)
- 2015 – Paul Prudhomme, American chef (b. 1940)
- 2015 – Jim Diamond, Scottish singer (b. 1951)
- 2017 – Gianni Bonagura, Italian actor (b. 1925)
- 2017 – Slim Chaker, Tunisian politician (b. 1961)
- 2017 – Jerry Kleczka, American politician (b. 1943)
- 2017 – Grady Tate, American soul-jazz drummer and singer (b. 1932)
- 2017 – Y. A. Tittle, American football player (b. 1926)
- 2017 – Birgitta Ulfsson, Finnish-Swedish actress (b. 1928)
- 2017 – Beverly Reid O'Connell, American judge (b. 1965)
- 2018 – Arnold Kopelson, American film producer (b. 1935)
- 2018 – George Taliaferro, American football player (b. 1927)
- 2018 – Joseph Tydings, American lawyer and politician (b. 1928)
- 2018 – Hiroshi Wajima, Japanese sumo and professional wrestler (b. 1948)
- 2018 – Venantino Venantini, Italian actor (b. 1930)
Observances
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