Gryllotalpidae

Gryllotalpidis sunt corpus cylindriforme a tres ad quinque centimetra longum in adultis, oculis parvis, cruribusque rutriformibus, ad defodendum penitus evolutis. Adsunt gryllotalpidae in multis mundi regionibus, atque in locis ubi nuper advenierunt, pestes agriculturae fieri possunt.

Gryllotalpa brachyptera

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Animalia — Arthropoda

Classis : Insecta 
Subclassis : Pterygota 
Infraclassis : Neoptera 
Superordo : Orthopteroidea 
Ordo : Orthoptera 
Subordo : Ensifera 
Infraordo : Gryllidea 
Superfamilia : Gryllotalpoidea 
Familia : Gryllotalpidae 
Saussure, 1870

   

Palaeontologia

Cretaceo inferiori – recens 140–0 m.a.: 

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O

S

D

C

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T

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Subdivisiones: Subfamiliae

Vide commentarium.

Territorium

Distributio Gryllotalpae, Scapterisci, Neocurtillae

Tres vitae stationes subeunt: ova, nymphae, adulti. Paene semper in solo subterraneo degunt, sed adulti, alis praediti, tempore feturae circumvolant. Diaeta variat: nonnullae species solum holera petunt, plerumque radicibus vescentes; aliae sunt omnivora, vermes et vermiculos coleopterorum comedentes, cum paucae plerumque sint praedatores. Gryllotalpidis maribus est insolite magnus cantus; ex cuniculis canunt in humo effossis, qui in aerem aperiuntur formam cornus acustici habens. Cantus est tonus paene purus, in stridores modulatus. Adhibetur ad feminas attrahendas, aut coitus causa, aut ad locos ovorum ponendorum commodos indicandos.

Nonnullae species ab hominibus eduntur.

Gryllotalpidae sunt grex monophyleticus ordinis Orthopterorum. Enodatio cladistica earum morphologiae anno 2015 sex tribus agnoscit, quarum quattuor tum novae erant: indioscaptorini (scapteriscinae), triamescaptorini, gryllotalpellini, et neocurtillini (gryllotalpinae), et duae tribus, scapteriscini et gryllotalpini, retractatae sunt. Nomen gregis recte ex gryllo et talpa derivatur.

Greges gryllotalpidarum

Subfamilia	Imago	Exemplum	Notae
Scapteriscinae		Neoscapteriscus vicinus	Extans
Gryllotalpinae		Gryllotalpa africana	Extans
Marchandiinae exstinctae			Cretaceum inferius Franciae

Intra subfamilias exstantis, genera sunt:

Gryllotalpinae

• tribus Gryllotalpellini Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 (America Australis)
  • Gryllotalpella
• tribus Gryllotalpini Leach, 1815 (mundus)
  • Gryllotalpa
• tribus Neocurtillini Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 (America)
  • Leptocurtilla
  • Neocurtilla
• tribus Triamescaptorini Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 (Nova Zelandia)
  • Triamescaptor
• tribus incertae sedis
  • †genus Pterotriamescaptor
  • †genus Burmagryllotalpa

Scapteriscinae

• tribus Indioscaptorini Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 (subcontinens Indica)
  • Indioscaptor
• tribus Scapteriscini Zeuner, 1939 (America)
  • Scapteriscus
  • Neoscapteriscus

Genera exstincta

• †Archaeogryllotalpoides
• †Cratotetraspinus
• †Marchandia
• †Palaeoscapteriscops
• †Tresdigitus rectanguli Xu, Fang & Wang, 2020

Fossilia gryllotalpidarum rara sunt.

 

 

 

• Adalla, Candida B., et Cleofas R. Cervancia.2010. "Philippine edible insects: a new opportunity to bridge the protein gap of resource-poor families and to manage pests." In Forest insects as food: humans bite back: Proceedings of a workshop on Asia-Pacific resources and their potential for development, 19-21 February 2008, Chiang Mai, Thailand, ed. Patrick B. Durst, Dennis V. Johnson, Robin N. Leslie, et Kenichi Shono, 154–155. Bancoci: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. ISBN 978-92-5-106488-7.
• Hill, Peggy S.M., Harrington Wells, et John R. Shadley. 2006. "Singing from a constructed burrow: why vary the shape of the burrow mouth?" Journal of Orthoptera Research 15(1): 23–29.
• Vittum, Patricia J. 2020. Turfgrass insects of the United States and Canada. Ed. tertia. Ithacae Novi Eboraci: Comstock Publishing Associates, impressio Cornell University Press. ISBN 9781501747977 (pdf), ISBN 9781501747960.

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Gryllotalpidas spectant.

Vide "Gryllotalpidas" apud Vicispecies.

• "Mole Cricket." Australian Museum.
• Houston, Terry. 2011. "Information sheet: Mole Crickets." Western Australian Museum. PDF.
• Prendergast, Amy. 2012 "Solving the Mystery of the Hidden Callers of the Night."] Australian Wildlife Secrets. Blog.
• "Mole Cricket Knowledge Base." Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Universitatis Floridensis.
• Paginae in "Featured Creatures," situ Instituti Scientiarum Cibi et Agriculturae Universitatis Floridensis
  • "Mole crickets, Scapteriscus spp."
  • "Mole cricket nematode."
  • "Larra spp., mole cricket hunters."
• "Bug-a-Boo’s or Grubs Up."