ipa/Old English

The tables below show how the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Old English pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wiki: Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

Old English, or Anglo-Saxon, was an early form of English in medieval England. It is different from Early Modern English, the language of Shakespeare and the King James Bible, and from Middle English, the language of Geoffrey Chaucer.

See Old English phonology for more detail on the sounds of Old English.

Key

Consonants
IPA Examples Modern English approximation
b bysig, lamb, habban busy
ç ht, tǣhte hue
d dōn, fæder, land, biddan do
sengan, ecg edge
ð ōþer, eorþe other
f fæder, ƿīf, offrian father
ɡ gōd, gnætt, geong good
h hēah, hǣlþ heaven
j geong, nægl, ƿeg, gēa, bysig year
k cyning, cnǣƿ, tusc, hnecca, axian king
l lufu, hǣlþ, nægl leaf
ɫ feallan, eald, ƿlite peal
hlāf, hlehhan whispered leaf
m mōdor, magan, lamb mother
n nēah, cnēo, gnætt, land, habban, sunne near
hnutu, hnecca whispered near
ŋ geong, drincan young
p pæþ path
r rǣdan, mōdor read
eorþe, steorra, ƿrang ruff
hring whispered read
s sunne, missan, axian sun
ʃ sceadu, fisc shadow
t tīd, hƿæt, settan stand
cēace, ƿicce cheese
v ofer, lufu over
ɣ magan, lagu, dagum Spanish fuego
w ƿīf, cƿic, cnǣƿ wife
ʍ hƿā, hƿæt what (some speakers)
x hēah, þurh, hlehhan loch (Scottish English)
z bys busy
θ þæt, pæþ, hǣlþ, siþþan through
Vowels
IPA Examples Modern English approximation
ɑ axian, sceadu, hnecca cot (American English)
ɑː ān, hlāf, hƿā father
æ æfter, fæder cat
æː ǣnig, hǣ dad
e ecg, fæder Spanish te
ēþel similar to made
i ilca, cƿic, hālig feet
īsig, tīd need
o ofer, sceolde, heofon thorn
ōþer, mōdor door
ø eorþe turn
øː gemœ̄tan blur
u under, geong, lufu root
ūt mood
y scyld, yfel French tu
fȳr German Dürer
Diphthongs
æɑ eald mouth (Cockney)
æːɑ ēage, nēah now (Cockney)
eo eorþe, heofon bed + rod
eːo ēoƿu, dēor snail (MLE)
iy siex feet + French tu
iːy nīehst need + French tu
Suprasegmentals
IPA Examples Explanation
ˈ eorþe [ˈeorˠðe] stress mark (placed right before the stressed syllable)

Notes

Bibliography

  • Fulk, R. D. (April 17, 2012). "An Introduction to Middle English: Grammar and Texts". Broadview Press – via Google Books.

See also

Tags:

ipa/Old English Bibliographyipa/Old EnglishInternational Phonetic AlphabetOld EnglishTemplate:IPAWikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation

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