Bì-Luh

Bì-luh sī ùi kok-si̍t kek chhut-lâi ê; siāng chia̍p ēng hoat-gê ê tōa-be̍h lâi kek, m̄-koh mā ū ēng be̍h-á, hoan-be̍h ia̍h tiū (bí) lâi kek ê. Tī kek-chiú ê kòe-têng tiong, be̍h-á-chiap lāi ê tiān-hún thn̂g ē choán-hòa chò chiú-cheng kap thòaⁿ-sng páu-hô (carbonation), chiâⁿ-chò chòe-āu ê bì-luh. Tōa-pòaⁿ ê hiān-tāi bí-luh lóng sī iōng bí-luh-hoe khì kek--ê; lēng-gōa mā ē lām chi̍t-kóa tiâu-bī-che, chhin-chhiūⁿ chháu-pún si̍t-bu̍t ia̍h-sī kóe-chí. Tī siong-gia̍p ê kek-chiú kòe-têng tiong, chū-jiân thòaⁿ-sng páu-hô chok-iōng it-poaⁿ the̍h kiông-chè thòaⁿ-sng páu-hô lâi chú-tāi.

Hiān-tāi bì-luh ê chiú-cheng lông-tō͘ (ABV) it-poaⁿ tī 4% chì 6% tiong-kan, m̄-koh mā ū-khó-lêng tī 0.5% chì 20%, mā ū chhiau-kòe 40% ê. Bì-luh sī chē-chē kok-ka ê bûn-hòa ê chi̍t pō͘-hūn, chham chi̍t-kóa siā-hōe thoân-thóng kiat-ha̍p, chhin-chhiūⁿ bì-luh cheh, iáu-koh ū chi̍t-kóa phah-buh bûn-hòa mā chham bì-luh ū-koan.

Chè-chō bì-luh ê kòe-têng hō-chò kek-chiú. Choan-bûn teh kek-chiú ê só͘-chāi hō-chò chiú-chhiúⁿ, m̄-koh bì-luh mā ē-tàng tī chhù-lāi ka-kī kek. Tī sian-chìn-kok, kek-chiú siū-tio̍hchèng-hú li̍p-hoat kap khioh-sòe ê kui-hoān; ùi 19 sè-kí bóe-kî khai-sí, tōa-pō͘-hūn ê kek-chiú lóng sī siong-gia̍p-hòa ê. M̄-koh, Eng-kok chèng-hú tī 1963 nî hòng-khoan li̍p-hoat, lo̍h-bóe Ò-tāi-lī-a kap Bí-kok mā hun-pia̍t tòe leh tī 1972 nî kap 1978 nî hòng-khoan; ún-chún tī chhù-lāi ka-kī kek-chiú.

Kek-chiú ê bo̍k-tek sī beh kā tiān-hún lâi-goân choán-hòa chò thn̂g-chúi, hō-chò be̍h-chiap (wort); lo̍h-bóe chiah koh thàu-kòe kàⁿ-bú hoat-kàⁿ lâi kā be̍h-chiap chìn-chi̍t-pō͘ choán-hòa chò chiú-cheng ím-liāu, iā-chiū-sī bì-luh.

Tē-it pō͘ hō-chò thn̂g-hòa (mashing), tio̍h sī kā tiān-hún lâi-goân (it-poaⁿ sī be̍h-gê) chham sio chúi lām chò-hóe, chiâⁿ-chò be̍h-chiap. Sio chúi hām chhùi be̍h-gê tī thn̂g-hòa tháng (mash tun) lāi-bīn hūn-ha̍p. Thn̂g-hòa ê kòe-têng tāi-iok 1 kàu 2 tiám-cheng; tī chit-ê kòe-têng tiong, tiān-hún choán-hòa chò thn̂g, jiân-āu tiⁿ ê be̍h-chiap hām kok-si̍t hun-lī. Kok-si̍t ē keng-kòe chi̍t ê hō-chò "phùn-siā" (sparging) ê kòe-têng; chit-ê sé kok-si̍t ê kòe-têng ē-tàng hō͘ bì-luh ùi kok-si̍t tiong siu-chi̍p tio̍h koh-khah chē hoat-kàⁿ ê e̍k-thé. Ùi be̍h-chiap kap phùn-siā e̍k-thé kòe-lī kok-si̍t ê kòe-têng hō-chò "be̍h-chiap hun-lī" (wort separation). Thoân-thóng ê be̍h-chiap hun-lī kòe-têng sī "kòe-lī" (lautering); kok-si̍t pún-sin tiō sī kòe-lī kài-chit. Chi̍t-kóa hiān-tāi ê kek-chiú hong-sek sī iōng kòe-lī-khì lâi chò hun-lī ê tōng-chok, án-ne ē-tàng kā iù hún-boa̍h mā kòe-lī hō͘ tiāu.

Tōa-pòaⁿ hiān-tāi ê kek-chiú koe-têng lóng kā goân-lâi ê be̍h-chiap kap phùn-siā sé chhut-lâi ê e̍k-thé lām chò-hóe.

 

Bì-luh ê ki-pún sêng-hūn sī chúi. Tiān-hún (chhin-chhiūⁿ be̍h-gê).

Sek-tì

Kiông-tō͘

Lâi-goân

• Ian S. Hornsey (2003). A History of Beer and Brewing. The Royal Society of Chemistry. ISBN 0-85404-630-5.