Acidum Glutamicum
L-acidum glutamicum (abbreviatura IUPAC:Glu vel E) est α-aminoacidum formulae chemicae HOOC-CH(NH2)-(CH2)2-COOH et simul unum aminoacidorum viginti formationis proteinorum in organismis.
| Cognitores | |
|---|---|
| ChemSpider | 591 |
| PubChem | 33032 |
| DrugBank | DB00142 |
| Natura chemica | |
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| Formula summarum | C 5H 9NO 4 |
| Massa molaris | 147.130 g/mol |
Forma iontibus onerata (sal acidi glutamici) glutamatum dicitur.
In organismo vivo acidum glutamicum munus neurotransmissoris est.
Natura chemica
Nomen IUPAC est acidum 2-amino-pentano-dioicum.
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Glutamatum, sal acidi glutamici, electrice oneratum.
Effectus in cerebro
Acidum glutamicum neurotransmissor
In cerebrum acidum glutamicum neurotransmissor principalis incitans abundat. In synapsibus neurotransmissor glutamatum in vesiculis accumulatus est. Cum impulsibus nervalibus glutamatum ex vesiculis praesynapticis in hiatum synapticum liberatur.
Receptoria postsynaptica neuroni processoris moleculas glutamati neurotransmissoris accipiunt. Tria receptoria acidi glutamici notae sunt (NMDA, AMPA, kainati) sicuti transportatores in cellulis glialibus et neuronibus.
Transportatores speciales, nominibus EAAT et VGLUT, glutamatum liberum primum in cellulam glialem proprinquam absorbent, ab ea denique reabsorptio in cellulam neuronalem fit.
Substantiae antagonistae systematis glutamatergici anti-glutamatergicae nominantur (exemplum: memantinum).
Toxicitas
In coniunctione quidem cum quibusque substantiis aliis acidum glutamicum damnum efficere potest.
Notae
Nexus interni
Nexus externi
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