An esmeralda iyo an gapong alahas asin an baryedad kan mineral beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) kolor berde na igwa nin gira nin chromium o kun minsan vanadium.
An beryl igwa nin katagasan nin 7.5–8 sa Mohs scale. An kadaklan kan esmeralda igwa nin dakol na materyal na naluom sa laog durante kan pormasyon kan mahalagang gapo, kaya baga an saindang katagasan (resistance to breakage) pigklasipikar bilang maluya sa pangkagabsan. An esmeralda iyo an sarong cyclosilicate.
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