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Лудвиг Ван Бетгьовен

Лудвиг ван Бетгьовен (гер. Ludwig van Beethoven, Герман мацӀ:  ( listen); 17 декембер 1770 – 26 март 1827) — герман композитор ва пианист.

Бетгьовен ккола БакътӀерхьул музикаялъул тарихалда бищун рикӀкӀунел композиторзабазул цоявлъун; гьесул хӀалтӀаби руго классикияб музикадул репертваралда бищун гӀемер перформация гьабулезда гъорлӀ.

РегӀелал

Иццал

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  • Brandenburg, Sieghard, ред. (1996). Ludwig van Beethoven: Briefwechsel. Gesamtausgabe. Munich: Henle. ISBN 978-3-87328-061-8.
  • Brendel, Alfred (1991). Music Sounded Out. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 0-37452-331-2.
  • Cassedy, Steven (Январ 2010). "Beethoven the Romantic: How E. T. A. Hoffmann Got It Right". Journal of the History of Ideas. 71 (1): 1–34. doi:10.1353/jhi.0.0071. JSTOR 20621921. S2CID 170552244.
  • Clive, H.P. (2001). Beethoven and His World: A Biographical Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-816672-6.
  • Comini, Allesandra (2008). The Changing Image of Beethoven: A Study in Mythmaking. Santa Fe: Sunstone Press. ISBN 978-0-86534-661-1.
  • Conway, David (2012). Jewry in Music: Entry to the Profession from the Enlightenment to Richard Wagner. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-01538-8.
  • Cooper, Barry, ред. (1996). The Beethoven Compendium: A Guide to Beethoven's Life and Music (revised ред.). London: Thames and Hudson. ISBN 978-0-50-027871-0.
  • Cooper, Barry (2008). Beethoven. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-531331-4.
  • Cooper, Martin (1970). Beethoven, The Last Decade 1817–1827. London: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-315310-6.
  • Ealy, George Thomas (Spring 1994). "Of Ear Trumpets and a Resonance Plate: Early Hearing Aids and Beethoven's Hearing Perception". 19th-Century Music. 17 (3): 262–273. doi:10.1525/ncm.1994.17.3.02a00050. JSTOR 746569.
  • Einstein, Alfred (1958). Essays on Music. London: Faber and Faber. OCLC 713913183.
  • Eisinger, Josef (2008). "The lead in Beethoven's hair". Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry. 90 (1): 1–5. doi:10.1080/02772240701630588. S2CID 95824344.
  • Hammelmann, Han (March 1965). "Beethoven's Conversation Books". The Musical Times. 106 (1465): 187–189. doi:10.2307/948240. JSTOR 948240.
  • Kerman, Joseph; Tyson, Alan; Burnham, Scott G. (2001). "Ludwig van Beethoven". Oxford Music Online. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.40026.
  • Lockwood, Lewis (2005). Beethoven: The Music and the Life. New York: W.W. Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-32638-3.
  • Lorenz, Michael (Winter 2007). "Commentary on Wawruch's Report: Biographies of Andreas Wawruch and Johann Seibert, Schindler's Responses to Wawruch's Report, and Beethoven's Medical Condition and Alcohol Consumption". Beethoven Journal. 22 (2): 92–100. Архивация оригинал (2021-02-16). Халагьи 2023-03-30. ;
  • Mai, F. M. M. (2006). "Beethoven's terminal illness and death". Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. 36 (3): 258–263. PMID 17214130.
  • Meredith, William Rhea (2005). "The History of Beethoven's Skull Fragments". Beethoven Journal. 20 (1–2): 3–46. OCLC 64392567. Архивация оригинал (2021-02-16). Халагьи 2023-03-30.
  • Morris, Edmund (2010). Beethoven: The Universal Composer. London: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-075975-9.
  • Nettl, Paul (1994). Beethoven Encyclopedia. Secaucus, New Jersey: Carel Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7351-0113-5.
  • Newman, William S. (1970). "Beethoven's Pianos versus His Piano Ideals". Journal of the American Musicological Society. 23 (3): 484–504. doi:10.2307/830617. JSTOR 830617.
  • Ronge, Julia (2013). "Beethoven's Studies with Joseph Haydn (With a Postscript on the Length of Beethoven's Bonn Employment)". Beethoven Journal. 28 (1): 4–25.
  • Rosen, Charles (1972). The Classical Style: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven. London: Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-10234-1.
  • Saccenti, Edoardo; Smilde, Age K; Saris, Wim H M (2011). "Beethoven's deafness and his three styles". The BMJ. 343: d7589. doi:10.1136/bmj.d7589. PMID 22187391. S2CID 206894214.
  • Saccenti, Edoardo; Smilde, Age K; Saris, Wim H M (2012). "Beethoven's deafness and his three styles". The BMJ. 344: e512. doi:10.1136/bmj.e512.
  • Scherer, E. M. (2004). Quarter Notes and Bank Notes: the Economics of Music Composition in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6911-1621-1.
  • Skowroneck, Tilman (2002). "Beethoven's Erard Piano: Its Influence on His Compositions and on Viennese Fortepiano Building". Early Music. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 30 (4): 522–538. doi:10.1093/em/XXX.4.523. JSTOR 3519211.
  • Solomon, Maynard (1972). "Beethoven's Productivity at Bonn". Music & Letters. Oxford: Oxford University Press. LIII (2): 165–172. doi:10.1093/ml/LIII.2.165.
  • Solomon, Maynard (1990). Beethoven Essays. Harvard University Press. гь. 124. ISBN 978-0-674-06379-2. Халагьи 4 August 2011.
  • Solomon, Maynard (November 1998). Beethoven (2nd revised ред.). New York: Schirmer Trade Books. ISBN 978-0-8256-7268-2.
  • Stanley, Glenn, ред. (2000). The Cambridge Companion to Beethoven. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-58074-8.
  • Steblin, Rita (2009). "'A dear, enchanting girl who loves me and whom I love': New Facts about Beethoven's Beloved Piano Pupil Julie Guicciardi". Bonner Beethoven-Studien. 8: 89–152.
  • Stevens, Michael; эд цгл. (November 2013). "Lead and the Deafness of Ludwig van Beethoven". The Laryngoscope. 123 (11): 2854–2858. doi:10.1002/lary.24120. PMID 23686526. S2CID 34595828.
  • Swafford, Jan (2014). Beethoven: Anguish and Triumph. London: Faber & Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-31255-9.
  • Taruskin, Richard (2010). Music in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-538482-6.
  • Thayer, Alexander Wheelock (1967a). Forbes, Elliot (ред.). Thayer's Life of Beethoven. Vol. 1. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-02717-3.
  • Thayer, Alexander Wheelock (1967b). Forbes, Elliot (ред.). Thayer's Life of Beethoven. Vol. 2. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-02718-0.
  • Tyson, Alan (February 1969). "Beethoven's Heroic Phase". The Musical Times. 110 (1512): 139–141. doi:10.2307/952790. JSTOR 952790.
  • Winston, David (1993). "The Restoration of Beethoven's 1817 Broadwood Grand Piano". The Galpin Society Journal. 46: 147–151. doi:10.2307/842353. JSTOR 842353.

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De-Ludwig van Beethoven.oggГерман мацӀФайл:De-Ludwig van Beethoven.ogg

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