酸,一名鏹,乃由氫離子與酸根離子結合之物也,常見之酸有CH3COOH(乙酸),H2SO4(硫酸)等。
人稱酸者,其義有三,曰阿倫尼烏斯、布朗斯特-勞里、路易斯也。阿倫尼烏斯酸者,溶水而得氫離子也;布朗斯特-勞里酸者,釋質子者也;路易斯酸者,受電子者也。
酸者,多可溶於水中而釋離子,故可通電于水中,故為電解質。亦有不可電離且不溶於水者,譬若H2SiO3(硅酸)。
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