Kalisiomu jẹ́́ alàwọ eléérú rírọ̀̀, ẹgbẹ́́ alkaline earth metal, ikarun ìdá-ìpílè tí ó wúwo jú nílé ayé.
Calcium, 20 Calcium Ìhànsójú Dull gray, silver Ìwúwo átọ̀mù A r, std (Ca) 40.078(4) Calcium ní orí tábìlì àyè Nọ́mbà átọ̀mù (Z ) 20 Ẹgbẹ́ group 2 (alkaline earth metals) Àyè àyè 4 Àdìpọ̀ Àdìpọ̀-s Ẹ̀ka ẹ́límẹ́ntì Alkaline earth metal Ìtò ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù [Ar ] 4s2 Iye ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù lórí ìpele kọ̀ọ̀kan 2, 8, 8, 2 Àwọn ohun ìní ara Ìfarahàn at STP solid Ìgbà ìyọ́ 1115 K (842 °C, 1548 °F) Ígbà ìhó 1757 K (1484 °C, 2703 °F) Kíki (near r.t. ) 1.55 g/cm3 when liquid (at m.p. ) 1.378 g/cm3 Heat of fusion 8.54 kJ/mol Heat of 154.7 kJ/mol Molar heat capacity 25.929 J/(mol·K) pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 864 956 1071 1227 1443 1755
Atomic properties Oxidation states +1, +2 Electronegativity Pauling scale: 1.00 energies Atomic radius empirical: 197 pm Covalent radius 176±10 pm Van der Waals radius 231 pm Color lines in a spectral range Spectral lines of calcium Other properties Natural occurrence primordial Crystal structure (fcc) Speed of sound thin rod 3810 m/s (at 20 °C) Thermal expansion 22.3 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) Thermal conductivity 201 W/(m·K) Electrical resistivity 33.6 n Ω·m (at 20 °C) Magnetic ordering diamagnetic Young's modulus 20 GPa Shear modulus 7.4 GPa Bulk modulus 17 GPa Poisson ratio 0.31 Mohs hardness 1.75 Brinell hardness 167 MPa CAS Number 7440-70-2 Main isotopes of calcium Isotope Abundance Half-life (t 1/2 ) Decay mode Product 40 Ca 96.941% 40 Ca is stable with 20 neutrons 41 Ca trace 1.03×105 y ε - 41 K 42 Ca 0.647% 42 Ca is stable with 22 neutrons 43 Ca 0.135% 43 Ca is stable with 23 neutrons 44 Ca 2.086% 44 Ca is stable with 24 neutrons 45 Ca syn 162.7 d β− 0.258 45 Sc 46 Ca 0.004% >2.8×1015 y β− β− ? 46 Ti 47 Ca syn 4.536 d β− 0.694, 1.99 47 Sc γ 1.297 48 Ca 0.187% >4×1019 y β− β− ? 48 Ti
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