Thallium, 81 Thallium Pípè / ˈ θ æ l i ə m / (THAL -ee-əm Ìhànsójú silvery white Ìwúwo átọ̀mù A r, std (Tl) [204.382 , 204.385 ] conventional: 204.38 Thallium ní orí tábìlì àyè Nọ́mbà átọ̀mù (Z ) 81 Ẹgbẹ́ group 13 (boron group) Àyè àyè 6 Àdìpọ̀ Àdìpọ̀-p Ẹ̀ka ẹ́límẹ́ntì Post-transition metalÌtò ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù [Xe ] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1 Iye ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù lórí ìpele kọ̀ọ̀kan 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 3 Àwọn ohun ìní ara Ìfarahàn at STP solid Ìgbà ìyọ́ 577 K (304 °C, 579 °F) Ígbà ìhó 1746 K (1473 °C, 2683 °F) Kíki (near r.t. ) 11.85 g/cm3 when liquid (at m.p. ) 11.22 g/cm3 Heat of fusion 4.14 kJ/mol Heat of 165 kJ/mol Molar heat capacity 26.32 J/(mol·K) pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 882 977 1097 1252 1461 1758
Atomic properties Oxidation states −5, −2, −1, +1 +3 Electronegativity Pauling scale: 1.62 Atomic radius empirical: 170 pm Covalent radius 170±8 pm Van der Waals radius 196 pm Color lines in a spectral range Spectral lines of thallium Other properties Natural occurrence primordial Crystal structure hexagonal Speed of sound thin rod 818 m/s (at 20 °C) Thermal expansion 29.9 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) Thermal conductivity 46.1 W/(m·K) Electrical resistivity 0.18 µ Ω·m (at 20 °C) Magnetic ordering diamagnetic Young's modulus 8 GPa Shear modulus 2.8 GPa Bulk modulus 43 GPa Poisson ratio 0.45 Mohs hardness 1.2 Brinell hardness 26.4 MPa CAS Number 7440-28-0 Main isotopes of thallium Isotope Abundance Half-life (t 1/2 ) Decay mode Product 203 Tl 29.524% 203 Tl is stable with 122 neutrons 204 Tl syn 119 Msy ) β− 0.764 204 Pb ε 0.347 204 Hg 205 Tl 70.476% 205 Tl is stable with 124 neutrons
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