石英
石英係矽嘅一種氧化物，化學結構係SiO2（二氧化矽），三方晶系。佢係SiO2嘅十幾種天然同分異構體之中唯一喺常溫常壓下穩定嘅變體。呢種礦物係一種半透明或者唔透明嘅晶體，叫水晶，如果含有其他礦物嘅雜質就會有其他顏色，譬如瑪瑙。
雖然長石先至係最普遍嘅礦物質，但係喺地球版塊嘅地殼成份裏面，石英係最豐富嘅成份。石英質地堅硬，摩氏硬度係7，相當堅硬，密度係2.65 g/cm³，係花崗岩、砂同石英岩嘅主要成分。海洋地殻鮮含石英，惟火石係例外。
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