寄生
寄生是指一种生物生拉另一种生物个体内或体表，并从后者摄取养分以维持生活个现象。前者称寄生物，后者称宿主。
寄生物若寄住拉宿主体内，称为内寄生，例如钩虫寄生拉动物个消化道；而伊些生活拉表面个称为外寄生，例如蚊子搭造成足癣个霉菌、吸取其他植物养分个菟丝子；若一个寄生物会杀脱宿主个，便称为拟寄生物。
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