澹

Translingual edit

Han character edit

澹 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 水弓金口 (ENCR), four-corner 3716₁, composition ⿰氵詹)

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 653, character 36
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18421
Dae Jaweon: page 1064, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1762, character 1
Unihan data for U+6FB9

Chinese edit

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 澹
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (詹) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
甔	toːm, taːm, *taːms
擔	taːm, taːms
儋	*ʔl'aːm
聸	*taːm
膽	*taːmʔ
黵	taːmʔ, tjamʔ
澹	daːm, daːmʔ, *daːms
憺	daːmʔ, daːms
瞻	*tjam
詹	*tjam
蟾	tjam, djam
噡	*tjam
譫	tjam, daːb, *tjaːb
幨	tʰjam, tʰjams
襜	tʰjam, tʰjams
韂	*tʰjams
贍	*djams
檐	*lam
簷	*lam
舚	tʰeːm, tʰeːms

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daːm, *daːmʔ, *daːms) : semantic 水 + phonetic 詹 (OC *tjam).

Etymology 1 edit

trad.		澹
simp. ^#		澹
alternative forms		贍／赡

Related to 淡 (OC *l'aːm, *l'aːmʔ, *l'aːms, *lamʔ).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dàn (dan⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄉㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): daam⁶, taam⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tām / tǎm
(Teochew, Peng'im): dan⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dàn
  - Wade–Giles: tan⁴
  - Yale: dàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dann
  - Palladius: дань (danʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: daam⁶, taam⁵
  - Yale: daahm, táahm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: daam⁶, taam⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: dam⁶, tam⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taːm²²/, /tʰaːm¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tām
  - Tâi-lô: tām
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dam
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tam²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tam³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tǎm
  - Tâi-lô: tǎm
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tam²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: dan⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tăⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tã³⁵/

Middle Chinese: damX, damH

Rime
Character	澹	澹
Reading #	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	談 (143)	談 (143)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	徒敢切	徒濫切
Baxter	damX	damH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑm^X/	/dɑm^H/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑm^X/	/dɑm^H/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑm^X/	/dɑm^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dam^X/	/dam^H/
Li Rong	/dɑm^X/	/dɑm^H/
Wang Li	/dɑm^X/	/dɑm^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑm^X/	/dʱɑm^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dàn	dàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	daam⁶	daam⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[l]ˤamʔ/
(Zhengzhang): /*daːmʔ/, /*daːms/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	澹
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dàn
Middle Chinese	‹ dam^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[l]ˁamʔ/
English	calm
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	澹	澹
Reading #	2/3	3/3
No.	16756	16759
Phonetic component	詹	詹
Rime group	談	談
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	噉	憺
Old Chinese	/*daːmʔ/	/*daːms/

Definitions edit

澹

calm and indifferent to fame and fortune
quiet; tranquil
light (of taste); insipid
(of water) to ripple
a surname

Compounds edit

恬澹
慘澹／惨澹 (cǎndàn)
慘澹經營／惨澹经营
暗澹 (àndàn)
清澹
澄澹精致
澹彩
澹泊 (dànbó)
澹沲
澹泊寡欲
澹泊明志
澹淡
澹淡經營／澹淡经营
澹澉
澹澹
澹瀩／澹𬉏
澹灔
澹灎
澹然 (dànrán)
澹蕩／澹荡
澹話／澹话

Etymology 2 edit

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tán (tan²)
(Zhuyin): ㄊㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): taam⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tâm
(Teochew, Peng'im): tam⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tán
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tán
  - Wade–Giles: tʻan²
  - Yale: tán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarn
  - Palladius: тань (tanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰän³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: taam⁴
  - Yale: tàahm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: taam⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: tam⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaːm²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tâm
  - Tâi-lô: tâm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: daam
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tam²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tam²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tam¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tam²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tam²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: tam⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thâm
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰam⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: dam

Rime
Character	澹
Reading #	1/3
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	談 (143)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒甘切
Baxter	dam
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑm/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑm/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dam/
Li Rong	/dɑm/
Wang Li	/dɑm/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	taam⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*daːm/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	澹
Reading #	1/3
No.	16755
Phonetic component	詹
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	談
Old Chinese	/*daːm/

Definitions edit

澹

Only used in 澹臺／澹台 (Tántái, “a surname”).

Etymology 3 edit

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dān (dan¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄉㄢ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dān
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄢ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dan
  - Wade–Giles: tan¹
  - Yale: dān
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dan
  - Palladius: дань (danʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tän⁵⁵/

Definitions edit

澹

Only used in 澹林.

Etymology 4 edit

trad.		澹
simp. ^#		澹
alternative forms		霑／沾淫㴷淡𣸄霑／沾淫㴷淡𣸄濕／湿

Possibly from Austroasiatic; compare Vietnamese đầm (“swamp; to be soaking; be sopping wet”) (Norman and Mei, 1976). Also compare Proto-Tai *domᴬ (“wet”), whence Zhuang dumz (“wet; soaked”) (Yue-Hashimoto, 1976).

Pronunciation edit

Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tâm
(Teochew, Peng'im): dam⁵

Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tâm
  - Tâi-lô: tâm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: daam
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tam²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tam²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tam¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tam²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tam²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: dam⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tâm
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tam⁵⁵/

Definitions edit

澹

(dialectal Eastern Min, Southern Min, Puxian Min) wet; damp; moist

Synonyms edit

Dialectal synonyms of 濕 (“wet”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		濕
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		濕
Mandarin	Beijing	濕
	Taiwan	濕
	Yantai (Muping)	濕
	Jinan	濕
	Wanrong	濕
	Xi'an	濕
	Xining	濕
	Wuhan	濕
	Chengdu	濕
	Guiyang	濕
	Yangzhou	潮, 濕
	Hefei	潮
	Malaysia	濕
	Singapore	濕
Cantonese	Guangzhou	濕
	Hong Kong	濕
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	濕
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	濕
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	濕
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	濕
	Macau	濕
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	濕
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	濕
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	濕
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	濕
	Foshan	濕
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	濕
	Foshan (Shunde)	濕
	Foshan (Sanshui)	濕
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	濕
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	濕
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	濕
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	削
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	削
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	濕, 削
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	濕, 削
	Taishan	削
	Kaiping (Chikan)	濕, 削
	Enping (Niujiang)	削, 濕
	Heshan (Yayao)	濕
	Dongguan	濕
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	濕
	Shenzhen (Dapeng)	濕
	Qingyuan	濕
	Fogang	濕
	Yingde (Hanguang)	濕
	Yangshan	濕
	Lianshan (Butian)	濕
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	濕
	Shaoguan	濕
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	濕
	Renhua	濕
	Lechang	濕
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	濕
	Sihui	濕
	Guangning	濕
	Deqing	濕
	Huaiji	濕
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	濕
	Yunfu	濕
	Xinxing	濕
	Luoding	濕
	Yunan (Pingtai)	濕
	Yangjiang	濕
	Xinyi	濕
	Lianjiang	濕
	Nanning	濕
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	濕
	Danzhou	濕
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	濕
	Singapore (Guangfu)	濕
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	濕
Gan	Nanchang	濕
Hakka	Meixian	濕
	Changting	濕
	Wuping	濕
	Liancheng	濕
	Ninghua	濕
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	濕
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	濕
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	濕
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	濕
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	濕
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	濕
	Hong Kong	濕
	Senai (Huiyang)	濕
Jin	Taiyuan	濕
Northern Min	Jian'ou	濕
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	濕
	Songxi	濕
	Zhenghe	濕
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	濕
	Jianyang	濕
	Wuyishan	濕
	Pucheng (Shibei)	濕
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	濫
	Changle	濫
	Lianjiang	濫
	Fuqing	濫
	Pingtan	濫
	Yongtai	濫
	Minqing	濫
	Gutian	濫
	Pingnan	濫
	Luoyuan	濫
	Fu'an	澹, 濫
	Ningde	澹, 濫
	Xiapu	澹
	Zherong	濫, 澹
	Shouning	澹
	Zhouning	澹
	Fuding	澹
	Matsu	濫
Southern Min	Xiamen	澹
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	澹
	Quanzhou	澹, 濕
	Jinjiang	澹
	Nan'an	澹
	Shishi	澹
	Hui'an	澹
	Anxi	澹
	Yongchun	澹, 濕
	Dehua	澹
	Zhangzhou	澹
	Zhangzhou (Longhai)	澹
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	澹
	Hua'an	澹
	Nanjing	澹
	Pinghe	澹
	Zhangpu	澹
	Yunxiao	澹
	Zhao'an	澹, 濕
	Dongshan	澹
	Taipei	澹
	Taipei (Wanhua)	澹
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	澹
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	澹
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	澹
	Kaohsiung	澹, 濕
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	澹, 濕
	Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang)	澹, 濕
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	澹, 濕
	Kaohsiung (Tianliao)	澹, 濕
	Yilan	澹
	Yilan (Toucheng)	澹, 濕
	Changhua (Lukang)	濕
	Tainan	澹
	Tainan (Anping)	澹
	Taitung	濕
	Hsinchu	澹
	Kinmen	澹
	Penghu (Magong)	澹
	Penghu (Xiyu)	澹
	Penang (Hokkien)	澹
	Singapore (Hokkien)	澹
	Manila (Hokkien)	澹
	Longyan	澹
	Zhangping	澹
	Datian	澹
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	濕
	Chaozhou	澹
	Shantou	澹
	Shantou (Chenghai)	澹
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	澹
	Jieyang	澹
	Haifeng	澹
	Bangkok (Teochew)	澹
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	澹
	Singapore (Teochew)	澹
	Leizhou	澹
	Wenchang	澹
	Haikou	澹
	Qionghai	澹
	Singapore (Hainanese)	澹
Puxian Min	Putian	澹, 澬
	Putian (Donghai)	泱
	Putian (Jiangkou)	澹
	Putian (Nanri)	澹
	Xianyou	泱, 澹 rare, 澬
	Xianyou (Fengting)	泱, 澹 rare, 澬
	Xianyou (Youyang)	泱, 澹
Central Min	Yong'an	濕
	Sanyuan	濕
	Shaxian	濕
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	澹
Shehua	Fu'an	濕
	Fuding	濕
	Luoyuan	濕
	Sanming	濕
	Shunchang	濕
	Hua'an	濕
	Guixi (Zhangping)	濕
	Cangnan	濕
	Jingning	濕
	Lishui	濕
	Longyou	濕
	Chaozhou	濕
	Fengshun	濕
Wu	Shanghai	濕
	Suzhou	濕, 潮
	Hangzhou	潮
	Wenzhou	濫, 濕
Xiang	Changsha	濕
Xiang	Shuangfeng	濕

Compounds edit

Etymology 5 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 澹 – see 贍 (“to provide for; to support; to supply; sufficient; plentiful; rich; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 贍).

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

澹

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings edit

Go-on: だん (dan); ぜん (zen)
Kan-on: たん (tan); せん (sen)
Kun: あわい (awai, 澹い)

Korean edit

Hanja edit

澹 • (dam, seom) (hangeul 담, 섬, revised dam, seom, McCune–Reischauer tam, sŏm, Yale tam, sem)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

澹: Hán Nôm readings: đam, đàm, đạm

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.