The Fu'an dialect (福安話) is a dialect of Eastern Min, which is a branch of Min Chinese spoken mainly in the eastern part of Fujian Province, China.
This article needs additional citations for verification. (November 2014) |
Fu'an | |
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Native to | Southern China |
Region | Ningde, Fu'an, Shouning, Zhouning and Zherong, Fujian province |
Early forms | |
Chinese characters | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | – |
ISO 639-6 | fuua |
Glottolog | None |
Linguasphere | 79-AAA-ibc |
The Fu'an dialect covers two city and three counties: Ningde, Fu'an, Shouning, Zhouning and Zherong County.
The Fu'an dialect has 18 initials, 50 rimes and 7 tones.
Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stop | p | pʰ | t | tʰ | k | kʰ | ʔ | ||||
Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||||||
Fricative | (β) | (f) | θ | (ʒ) | (ç) | x | |||||
Affricate | ts | tsʰ | |||||||||
Lateral | l | ||||||||||
Approximant | j | ɰ |
Open syllable | i | u | e | ɛ | ø | œ | o | ɔ | a |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ui | ei | ɔi | ai | ||||||
uai | |||||||||
iu | eu | ɛu | ou | au | |||||
iau | |||||||||
Nasal coda | iŋ (in, im) | uŋ (un, um) | øŋ (øn, øm) | œŋ (œn, œm) | aŋ (an, am) | ||||
ioŋ (ion, iom) | iaŋ (ian, iam) | ||||||||
uaŋ (uan, uam) | |||||||||
ɛŋ (ɛn, ɛm) | ouŋ (oun, oum) | ɔuŋ (ɔun, ɔum) | |||||||
Glottal coda | iʔ | uʔ | øʔ | œʔ | oʔ | ɔʔ | aʔ | ||
ioʔ | iaʔ | ||||||||
uaʔ | |||||||||
eiʔ | ɛiʔ | ouʔ | ɔuʔ | ||||||
Nasal | m̝ | n̝ | ŋ̍ | hŋ̍ |
No. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tone name | dark level 陰平 | light level 陽平 | rising 上聲 | dark departing 陰去 | light departing 陽去 | dark entering 陰入 | light entering 陽入 |
Tone contour | ˧˧˨ 332 | ˨ 22 | ˦˨ 42 | ˧˥ 35 | ˨˧ 23 | ˥ 5 | ˨ 2 |
The Coda of the Former Syllable | The initial assimilation of the Latter Syllable |
---|---|
Null coda |
|
coda /-ŋ/ |
|
coda /-k̚/ |
|
The two-syllable tonal sandhi rules are shown in the table below (the rows give the first syllable's original citation tone, while the columns give the citation tone of the second syllable):
dark level 332 | light level 22 | rising 42 | dark departing 35 | light departing 23 | dark entering 5 | light entering 2 | |
dark level 332 | 55 | 55 | 44 | 44 | |||
light level 22 | 332 | 35+42 | 55 | 44 | 44 | ||
rising 42 | 23+332 | 35+42 | 55 | 44 | 44 | ||
dark departing 35 | 55 | 55 | 44 | 44 | |||
light departing 23 | 55 | 55 | 44 | 44 | |||
dark entering 5 | 55 | 55 | 44 | 44 | |||
light entering 2 | 35+5 | 55 | 44 | 44 |
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