相態,又叫物質狀態,係指物質嘅狀態,基本嘅有固態、液態、氣態、等離子態四個態。其他喺特定環境出現嘅狀態有液晶態 ;狀態包括玻色–愛因斯坦凝態,中子變性態(Neutron degeneracy),夸克-膠子等離子態,只係響極之凍,極之高密度同極之大能量嘅情況先會出現。
喺固態嗰陣,啲粒子(離子、原子或分子)緊密排列。啲粒子之間有好強嘅吸力,令到啲粒子無得周圍走,淨係可以喺原地震動。因為噉,固體有個穩定嘅形狀同固定嘅容量。
固體可以熔做液體,相反液體可以凝固做固體。固體直接變做氣體叫昇華,掉返轉叫凝華。
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