都道府縣係日本一級政區嘅稱呼,總共有47個,包括一都(東京都)、一道(北海道)、兩府(大阪府、京都府)、四十三縣,政區首府叫都道府縣廳所在地,政區首長叫知事。
都道府縣嘅雛形係1871年明治維新推行嘅廢藩置縣,將嗰時嘅藩改制做72個縣,1888年縮到44個縣,嗰時另有三府(東京府、大阪府、京都府)一道(北海道)。而現代47個都道府縣,就係由1947年通過嘅《地方自治法》確立嘅。
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