The lead–acid battery wis invented in 1859 bi French physicist Gaston Planté an is the auldest teep o rechairgeable battery.
Despite haein a very law energy-tae-wecht ratio an a law energy-tae-volume ratio, its ability tae supply heich surge currents means that the cells hae a relatively lairge pouer-tae-wecht ratio. Thir features, alang wi thair law cost, mak them attractive for uise in motor vehicles tae provide the heich current required bi automobile starter motors.
Lead–acid car battery | |
Speceefic energy | 33–42 Wh/kg |
---|---|
Energy density | 60–110 Wh/L |
Speceefic pouer | 180 W/kg |
Chairge/dischairge efficiency | 50–95% |
Energy/consumer-price | 7 (sld) to 18 (fld) Wh/US$ |
Sel-dischairge rate | 3–20%/month |
Cycle durability | <350 cycles |
Nominal cell voltage | 2.1 V |
Chairge temperatur interval | Min. −35 °C, max. 45 °C |
As thay are inexpensive compared tae newer technologies, lead–acid batteries are widely uised even when surge current is nae important an ither designs coud provide higher energy densities. Large-format lead–acid designs are widely uised for storage in backup pouer supplies in cell phone touers, heich-availability settings lik hospitals, an staund-alone pouer seestems. For thir roles, modified versions o the standard cell mey be uised tae improve storage times an reduce maintenance requirements. Gel-cells an absorbed glass-mat batteries are common in thir roles, collectively kent as VRLA (valve-regulated lead–acid) batteries.
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