See Finnish phonology and Estonian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of these languages.
IPA | Examples | English approximation | Consonants | d | Finnish ladot | ladder | h | hevonen | horse | j | joulu | yoyo | k | kala | scold | l | laulu | lack | lʲ | Estonian only [] Error: {{Lang}}: no text (help) | leep | m | metsä | mocha | n | nenä | nanny | nʲ | Estonian only [] Error: {{Lang}}: no text (help) | new | p | puu | spill | r | rauta | rolled r | s | sinä | sole | sʲ | Estonian only [] Error: {{Lang}}: no text (help) | super (some dialects) | t | tina | stand | tʲ | Estonian only [] Error: {{Lang}}: no text (help) | tune | ʋ | viha | Between v and w | Stress | ˈ | hevonen | (placed on the first syllable) | | IPA | Examples | English approximation | Vowels | ɑ | pouta | Same as but shorter than a in father | ɑː | poutaa | father | æ | pöytä | cat | æː | päivää | mad | e | tere | let | eː | eesti | émigré | i | klid | kid | iː | siika | see | o | oksa | chore | oː | koostaa | No English equivalent, similar to French bureau | ø | pöytä | Similar to RP word or bird, Swedish öl, | øː | säröön | Similar to RP bird, German schön | ɤ | Estonian only: õlu | Similar to (oʊ) in Estonia, code, boat, goal, bone, go | ɤː | Estonian only: õõnsus | Same as above but longer | u | surma | wood | uː | suu | coop | y | Finnish kesy Estonian küla | No English equivalent; similar to French tu, German füllen | yː | Finnish ryyppy Estonian rüüpa | No English equivalent; similar to French Lune, German führen | | |
Finnish diphthongs
ai, au, äi, äy, ei, eu, oi, ou, öi, öy, ui, yi, iu, ie, uo, yö, (ey), (iy).
Estonian diphthongs
ae, ai, ao, au, äe, äi, äo, äu, ea, ei, eo, iu, oa, oe, oi, ou, õa, õe, õi, õo, õu, öa, öe, öi, ui, üi.
Notes and References
ਹਵਾਲੇ
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