A wikitable table-responsive is an arrangement of columns and rows used to organize and position data.
Wiki markup |
---|
Basic markup Text, links, and talk pages Visual files Sound files Tables Template editing Using HTML |
Tables are useful for this purpose and there are many different styles and tricks that can be used to customise each. This page gives you information about syntax to build wikitable table-responsive s in Wiki Sepedi.
To automatically insert a table, click or (Insert a table) on the edit toolbar. If "Insert a table" is not on the toolbar follow these directions to add it.
The following text is inserted when Insert a table is clicked:
{| class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive " |- ! Header 1 ! Header 2 ! Header 3 |- | row 1, cell 1 | row 1, cell 2 | row 1, cell 3 |- | row 2, cell 1 | row 2, cell 2 | row 2, cell 3 |- | row 3, cell 1 | row 3, cell 2 | row 3, cell 3 |}
Header 1 | Header 2 | Header 3 |
---|---|---|
row 1, cell 1 | row 1, cell 2 | row 1, cell 3 |
row 2, cell 1 | row 2, cell 2 | row 2, cell 3 |
row 3, cell 1 | row 3, cell 2 | row 3, cell 3 |
The sample text ("Header 1" or "row 1, cell 1") is to be replaced with actual data.
Column heading 1 | Column heading 2 | Column heading 3 |
---|---|---|
Row heading 1 | Cell 2 | Cell 3 |
Row heading A | Cell B | Cell C |
Although HTML table syntax also works, special wikicode can be used as a shortcut to create a table. The pipe (vertical bar) codes function exactly the same as HTML table markup, so a knowledge of HTML table code will help in understanding pipe code. The shortcuts are as follows:
{|
to begin a table, and |}
to end it. Each one needs to be on its own line:{| table code goes here |}
|+
" and the caption after it:{| |+ caption table code goes here |}
|-
". The codes for the cells in that row will start on the next line.{| |+ The table's caption |- row code goes here |- next row code goes here |}
{| |+ The table's caption |- | cell code goes here |- | next row cell code goes here | next cell code goes here |}
{| |+ The table's caption |- |Cell 1 || Cell 2 || Cell 3 |- |Cell A |Cell B |Cell C |}
{| border="1" |- |format modifier (not displayed) |These all |(including the pipes) |go into |the first cell||second cell |- |format |These all ||format |go into |the second cell |}
which is probably not what you expected:
These all |(including the pipes)|go into |the first cell | second cell |
These all | go into|the second cell |
However, the format modifier is useful:
{| border="1" |- | Cell 1 (no modifier — not aligned) |- | align="right" | Cell 2 (right aligned) |}
Cell 1 (no modifier — not aligned) |
Cell 2 (right aligned) |
Just remember: no more than 2 single pipes on a line!
{| |+ The table's caption ! scope="col" | Column heading 1 ! scope="col" | Column heading 2 ! scope="col" | Column heading 3 |- | Cell 1 || Cell 2 || Cell 3 |- | Cell A | Cell B | Cell C |}
{| |+ The table's caption ! scope="col" | Column heading 1 ! scope="col" | Column heading 2 ! scope="col" | Column heading 3 |- ! scope="row" | Row heading 1 | Cell 2 || Cell 3 |- ! scope="row" | Row heading A | Cell B | Cell C |}
{| border="1" |+ The table's caption ! scope="col" | Column heading 1 ! scope="col" | Column heading 2 ! scope="col" | Column heading 3 |- ! scope="row" | Row heading 1 | Cell 2 || Cell 3 |- ! scope="row" | Row heading A | Cell B | Cell C |}
The final table would display like this:
Column heading 1 | Column heading 2 | Column heading 3 |
---|---|---|
Row heading 1 | Cell 2 | Cell 3 |
Row heading A | Cell B | Cell C |
The table parameters and cell parameters are the same as in HTML, see http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/struct/tables.html#edef-TABLE and Table (HTML). However, the colgroup
and col
elements are currently not supported in MediaWiki. Thead
, tbody
and tfoot
are supported from Mediawiki version 1.18 on ( Current version on Wikipedia: 1.43.0-wmf.2 (ce9d259) ).
A table can be useful even if none of the cells have content. For example, the background colors of cells can be changed with cell parameters, making the table into a diagram, like meta:Template talk:Square 8x8 pentomino example. An "image" in the form of a table is much more convenient to edit than an uploaded image.
Each row must have the same number of cells as the other rows, so that the number of columns in the table remains consistent. For empty cells, use the non-breaking space
as content to ensure that the cells are displayed. To show a visible pipe in a cell, use
With colspan and rowspan cells can span several columns or rows, see the Mélange example below. However, this has the disadvantage that sorting does not work properly anymore.
Both of these generate the same output. Choose a style based on the number of cells in each row and the total text inside each cell.
The wiki markup code:
{| | A | B |- | C | D |}
{| | A || B |- | C || D |}
As it appears in a browser (note that there are no borders):
A | B |
C | D |
Here is the wiki markup code:
{| class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive " style="text-align: center; width: 200px; height: 200px;" |+ Multiplication table |- ! scope="col" | × ! scope="col" | 1 ! scope="col" | 2 ! scope="col" | 3 |- ! scope="row" | 1 | 1 || 2 || 3 |- ! scope="row" | 2 | 2 || 4 || 6 |- ! scope="row" | 3 | 3 || 6 || 9 |- ! scope="row" | 4 | 4 || 8 || 12 |- ! scope="row" | 5 | 5 || 10 || 15 |}
As it appears in a browser (see Help:User style):
× | 1 | 2 | 3 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
2 | 2 | 4 | 6 |
3 | 3 | 6 | 9 |
4 | 4 | 8 | 12 |
5 | 5 | 10 | 15 |
Two ways of specifying color of text and background for a single cell are as follows. The first form is preferred because the second form uses deprecated HTML:
The wiki markup code:
{| | style="background: red; color: white" | abc | def | bgcolor="red" | ghi | jkl |}
As it appears in a browser:
abc | def | ghi | jkl |
Like other parameters, colors can also be specified for a whole row or the whole table; parameters for a row override the value for the table, and those for a cell override those for a row. (Note that there is no easy way to specify a color for a whole column—each cell in the column must be individually specified. Tools can make it easier.):
The wiki markup code:
{| style="background: yellow; color: green" |- | abc || def || ghi |- style="background: red; color: white" | jkl || mno || pqr |- | stu || style="background: silver" | vwx || yz |}
As it appears in a browser:
abc | def | ghi |
jkl | mno | pqr |
stu | vwx | yz |
To make the table blend in with the background, use style="background: none;"
or style="background: transparent;"
. (Warning: style="background: inherit;"
, does not work with some browsers, including IE6!)
To force a cell to match one of the default colors of the class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive "
template, use style="background: #f2f2f2"
for the darker header, and style="background: #f9f9f9"
for the lighter body.
See : style, background, list of colors, web colors
The width and height of the whole table can be specified, as well as the height of a row. To specify the width of a column one can specify the width of an arbitrary cell in it. If the width is not specified for all columns, and/or the height is not specified for all rows, then there is some ambiguity, and the result depends on the browser.
The wiki markup code:
{| style="width: 75%; height: 200px" border="1" |- | abc || def || ghi |- style="height: 100px;" | jkl || style="width: 200px;" | mno || pqr |- | stu || vwx || yz |}
As it appears in a browser:
abc | def | ghi |
jkl | mno | pqr |
stu | vwx | yz |
Note that style="
inline CSS"
has no effect with some browsers. If compatibility is important, equivalent older constructs like width="75%"
should work on more browsers.
To force column widths to specific requirements, rather than accepting the width of the widest text element in a column's cells, follow this example. Note that wrap-around of text is forced.
The wiki markup code:
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" ! scope="col" width="50" | Name ! scope="col" width="225" | Effect ! scope="col" width="225" | Games Found In |- | Poké Ball || Regular Poké Ball || All Versions |- | Great Ball || Better than a Poké Ball || All Versions |}
Name | Effect | Games Found In |
---|---|---|
Poké Ball | Regular Poké Ball | All Versions |
Great Ball | Better than a Poké Ball | All Versions |
To set column widths in a table without headers, specify the width in the first cell for each column, like this:
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" |- | width="100pt" | This column is 100 points wide | width="200pt" | This column is 200 points wide | width="300pt" | This column is 300 points wide |- | blah || blih || bluh |}
This column is 100 points wide | This column is 200 points wide | This column is 300 points wide |
blah | blih | bluh |
One application of setting the widths is aligning columns of consecutive tables:
Country | Capital |
---|---|
The Netherlands | Amsterdam |
Country | Capital |
---|---|
France | Paris |
In a table that spans the entire width of a page, cells narrower than the widest cell tend to wrap. To keep an entire column from wrapping, use style=white-space:nowrap in a non-header cell on the longest/widest cell to affect the entire column.
Before:
Episode | Date | Summary |
---|---|---|
"The Journey Begins" | January 1, 2010 | Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. |
"When Episodes Attack" | January 8, 2010 | Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. |
"So Long" | January 15, 2010 | Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. |
After:
Episode | Date | Summary |
---|---|---|
"The Journey Begins" | January 1, 2010 | Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. |
"When Episodes Attack" | January 8, 2010 | Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. |
"So Long" | January 15, 2010 | Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. |
Table borders default to a complex shaded double-line (the default in HTML); however, those borders can be set to a thin solid line by using a style-parameter (style="border: 1px solid darkgray"), as in the following (Note: if you intend to use the 'cellpadding' or 'cellspacing' options along with a border, you MUST use this format):
{| cellpadding="2" style="border: 1px solid darkgray;" ! width="140" | Left ! width="150" | Middle ! width="130" | Right |- border="0" | [[File:StarIconBronze.png|120px]] | [[File:StarIconGold.png|120px|Caption when mouse-over image]] | [[File:StarIconGreen.png|120px|Green stellar icon]] |- align="center" | Bronze star || Gold star || Green star |}
Note the bottom-row texts are centered by 'align="center"' while star-images were not centered.
Left | Middle | Right |
---|---|---|
Bronze star | Gold star | Green star |
As long as the "Image:" specs omit the parameter "thumb|" they will not show the caption lines in the table (only during mouse-over). The border color "darkgray" matches typical tables or infoboxes in articles; however, it could be any color name (such as style="border: 1px solid darkgreen;") or use a hex-color (such as: #DDCCBB).
A column format-specifier (enclosed in "|...|") can have a style-parameter to set borders on each cell, as follows:
{| cellpadding="2" style="border: 1px solid darkgray;" ! width="140" | Left ! width="150" | Middle ! width="130" | Right |- align="center" | style="border: 1px solid blue;"| [[File:StarIconBronze.png|120px]] | style="border: 1px solid #777777;"| [[File:StarIconGold.png|120px|Caption when mouse-over image]] | style="border: 1px solid #22AA55;"| [[File:StarIconGreen.png|120px|Green stellar icon]] |- align="center" |Bronze star || Gold star || Green star |}
Note only the image cells, here, have individual borders, not the text.
Left | Middle | Right |
---|---|---|
Bronze star | Gold star | Green star |
The lower hex-colors (such as: #616161) are closer to black. Typically, all borders in a table would be one specific color.
By default data in tables is vertically centrally aligned, which results in odd-looking layouts like this:
Row heading | A longer piece of text. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. | short text |
---|---|---|
Row heading | Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Imagine someone scrolling down the page, seeing the tops of "empty" columns, and wondering why they're empty. Use "valign=top" to align text at the top of columns. | short text |
To fix this, apply the valign="top" attribute to the rows (unfortunately it seems to be necessary to apply this individually to every single row). For example:
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" width="400" |- valign="top" ! scope="row" width="10%" | Row heading | width="70%" | A longer piece of text. Lorem ipsum... | width="20%" | short text |- valign="top" ! scope="row" | Row heading | Excepteur sint occaecat... | short text |}
Row heading | A longer piece of text. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. | short text |
---|---|---|
Row heading | Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Imagine someone scrolling down the page, seeing the tops of "empty" columns, and wondering why they're empty. Use "valign=top" to align text at the top of columns. | short text |
The contents of a cell can be indented using a CSS style of padding-left
. For example:
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" |- | Cell content that is not indented || 1 |- | style="padding-left: 2em" | Indented content || 2 |}
Cell content that is not indented | 1 |
Indented content | 2 |
You can position the table itself, the contents of a row, and the contents of a cell, but not with a single parameter for all the contents of the table. See m:Template talk:Table demo.
Prior to April 2009, using "float" to position a table was discouraged; however, it no longer always breaks page rendering at large font sizes. See a floated image, below, under "Floating images in the center".
Note: This example is not accessible, and should be avoided as much as possible. For example, nested tables (tables inside tables) should be separated into distinct tables when possible.
Here is a more advanced example, showing some more options available for making up tables. Note however that with colspan and rowspan sorting does not work properly anymore.
Users can play with these settings in their own table to see what effect they have. Not all of these techniques may be appropriate in all cases; just because colored backgrounds can be added, for example, does not mean it is always a good idea. Try to keep the markup in tables relatively simple—remember, other people are going to be editing the article too! This example should give an idea of what is possible, though.
The wiki markup code:
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="center" |+ '''An example table''' |- ! style="background: #efefef;" | First header ! colspan="2" style="background: #ffdead;" | Second header |- | upper left | | rowspan="2" style="border-bottom: 3px solid grey;" valign="top" | right side |- | style="border-bottom: 3px solid grey;" | lower left | style="border-bottom: 3px solid grey;" | lower middle |- | colspan="3" align="center" | {| border="0" |+ ''A table in a table'' |- | align="center" width="150" | [[File:Wiki.png]] | align="center" width="150" | [[File:Wiki.png]] |- | align="center" colspan="2" style="border-top: 1px solid red; border-right: 1px solid red; border-bottom: 2px solid red; border-left: 1px solid red;" | Two Wikipedia logos |} |}
As it appears in a browser:
First header | Second header | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
upper left | right side | |||||
lower left | lower middle | |||||
|
The wiki markup coding:
This paragraph is before the table. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod... {| style="float: right;" border="1" | Col 1, row 1 | rowspan="2" | Col 2, row 1 (and 2) | Col 3, row 1 |- | Col 1, row 2 | Col 3, row 2 |} Note the floating-table to the right. This paragraph is after the table. The text in column 2 will span both rows due to format specifier "rowspan=2" so there is no coding for "Col 2" in the 2nd row, just: Col 1 & Col 3.
As it appears in a browser:
This paragraph is before the table. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod...
Col 1, row 1 | Col 2, row 1 (and 2) | Col 3, row 1 |
Col 1, row 2 | Col 3, row 2 |
Note the floating-table to the right.
This paragraph is after the table. The text in column 2 will span both rows due to format specifier "rowspan=2" so there is no coding for "Col 2" in the 2nd row, just: Col 1 & Col 3.
A table can be used to wrap an image, so that the table can float towards the center of the page (such as using: style="float: right;"). However, the table margins, border and font-size must be precisely set to match a typical image display. The Image-spec parameter "thumb|" (although auto-thumbnailing to user-preference width) forces a wide left-margin that squeezes the nearby text, so the parameter "center|" can be added to suppress the left-margin padding. However, "center" sometimes shoves the caption to a 2nd line (under a centered box "[]"), so "thumb|" could be omitted and just hard-code the image size, adding a gray (#BBB) border. Using precise parameters to match other images, a floating-image table can be coded as follows:
{| style="float: right; border: 1px solid #BBB; margin: .46em 0 0 .2em;" |- style="font-size: 86%;" | valign="top" |[[File:DuraEuropos-TempleOfBel.jpg|180px]]
Temple of [[Bel (mythology)|Bel]] (floating). |}
The text inside the floating-table is sized by style="font-size: 86%;". That floating-image table floats a typical image-box, but allows adjusting the left-hand margin of the image (see temple-example floating below).
Infobox A | |
---|---|
This sample infobox shows how the floating image-box aligns toward the center. |
Temple of Bel (floating). |
The caption-text can be omitted, or remove the parameter "thumb|" so the caption is hidden until "mouse-over display". Unfortunately the parameter "thumb|" (used for displaying the caption) also controls the auto-thumbnailing to re-size images by user-preferences size. In April 2009, it was not possible to have auto-thumbnail sizing while also concealing the caption: parameter "thumb|" triggers both actions and forces the caption to display.
An image set with parameter "left|" will gain a wide right-side margin (opposite margin of parameter "right|"), so floating toward the left would require an image set as "center|" inside a table with style="float:left; margin:0.46em 0.2em".
Recall that, outside an image-table, the parameter "right|" causes an image to align (either) above or below an infobox, but would not float alongside the infobox.
Note the order of precedence: first come infoboxes or images using "right|", then come the floating-tables, and lastly, any text will wrap that can still fit. If the first text-word is too long, no text will fit to complete the left-hand side, so beware creating a "ragged left margin" when not enough space remains for text to fit alongside floating-tables.
If multiple single image-tables are stacked, they will float to align across the page, depending on page-width. The text will be squeezed to allow as many floating-tables as can fit, as auto-aligned, then wrap whatever text (can still fit) at the left-hand side.
...by float: right |
...images wrap... |
All these... |
That auto-aligning feature can be used to create a "floating-gallery" of images: a set of 20 floating-tables will wrap (backward, right-to-left) as if each table were a word of text to wrap across and down the page. To wrap in the typical direction (wrapping left-to-right) define all those floating-tables, instead, as left-side tables using the top parameter style="float:left; margin:0.46em 0.2em". Multiple floating-images empower more flexible typesetting of images around the text.
Note: because they cause accessibility issues, nested tables should be avoided whenever possible.
Seven different (blue) tables are shown nested inside the cells of a table. Automatically the two tables |A| and |B|B| are vertically aligned instead of the usual side by side of text characters in a cell. "float" is used to fix each of tables |C| and |D| to their own position within one cell of the table. This may be used for charts and schemes. Nested tables must start on a new line.
Wiki markup
{| border="1"
| α
| style="text-align: center;"| cell2
{| border="2" style="background: #ABCDEF;"
| NESTED
|-
| TABLE
|}
| style="vertical-align:bottom;"| the original table again
| style="width:100px;" |
{| border="2" style="background: #ABCDEF;"
| A
|}
{| border="2" style="background: #ABCDEF;"
| B || B
|}
| style="width:50px;" |
{| border="2" style="background: #ABCDEF; float:left;"
| C
|}
{| border="2" style="background: #ABCDEF; float: right;"
| D
|}
|}
As it appears in a browser:
α | cell2
| the original table again |
|
|
Wiki markup
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" |- | Column 1 || Column 2 || Column 3 |- | rowspan="2" | A | colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | B |- | C | D |- | E | rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | F |- | G |- | colspan="3" style="text-align: center;" | H |}
As it appears in a browser:
Column 1 | Column 2 | Column 3 |
A | B | |
C | D | |
E | F | |
G | ||
H |
Note that using rowspan="2"
for cell G combined with rowspan="3"
for cell F to get another row below G and F won't work, because all (implicit) cells would be empty. Likewise complete columns are not displayed if all their cells are empty. Borders between non-empty and empty cells might be also not displayed (depending on the browser), use
to fill an empty cell with dummy content.
Centered tables can be achieved, but they will not "float"; that is to say, no text will appear to either side. The trick is {| style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"
Wiki markup
{| class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive " style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;" |+ '''Cells left-aligned, table centered''' ! scope="col" | Duis ! scope="col" | aute ! scope="col" | irure |- | dolor || in reprehenderit || in voluptate velit |- | esse cillum dolore || eu fugiat nulla || pariatur. |}
As it appears in a browser:
Duis | aute | irure |
---|---|---|
dolor | in reprehenderit | in voluptate velit |
esse cillum dolore | eu fugiat nulla | pariatur. |
At the start of a cell, add your parameter followed by a single pipe. For example width="300"| will set that cell to a width of 300 pixels. To set more than one parameter, leave a space between each one, as follows:
{| style="color:white" |- | bgcolor="red"|cell1 || width="300" bgcolor="blue"|cell2 | bgcolor="green"|cell3 |}
As it appears in a browser:
cell1 | cell2 | cell3 |
For years in HTML, a table has always forced an implicit line-wrap (or line-break), so to keep a table within a line, the work-around is to put all text into a table, then embed a table-within-a-table, using the outer table to force the whole line to stay together. Consider the following examples:
HELLO WORLD |
HELLO WORLD |
This is a test table here |
| followed by this text afterward. |
This is a test table here |
| followed by this text afterward. |
Use style="font-size:60%" to shrink the text within the box. However, the small text could be replaced with small images (aligned inside the inner table). The outer table is for one line only, so to make a 2nd line appear even, the exact length of line 1 must be pre-determined, to match the length of other lines.
A method to get columns of numbers aligned at the decimal point is as follows:
{| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" | align="right" | 432 || .1 |- | align="right" | 43 || .21 |- | align="right" | 4 || .321 |}
As it appears in a browser:
432 | .1 |
43 | .21 |
4 | .321 |
If the column of numbers appears in a table with cell padding or cell spacing, you can still align the decimal points without an unsightly gap in the middle. Embed a table in each number's cell and specify its column widths. Make the embedded tables' column widths the same for each cell in the column. (If decimal points are still misaligned using this method, the main table's column may be too narrow. Add a parameter to increase the column's width.) The wiki markup code:
{| border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="2" | {| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100" | align="right" width="50%"| 432 || width="50%" | .1 |} |- | {| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100" | align="right" width="50%"| 43 || width="50%" | .21 |} |- | {| cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100" | align="right" width="50%" | 4 || width="50%" | .321 |} |}
As it appears in a browser:
| ||
| ||
|
In the case of preformatted text, you can dispense with the table feature entirely and simply start the lines with a space, and put spaces to position the numbers:
432.1 43.21 4.321
However, there should be a good reason to use pre-formatted text in an article.
There's full documentation at {{Clade}} and {{Cladex}}.
If you write this
{{cot|Example showing various things to avoid|expand=true}} {{clade| style=font-size:90%;line-height:85% |label1=Example label One, can now have spaces that are not nbsp_types |1=Example text One can have spaces |5=Example text 5 can be placed out of order making it harder to edit later, please don't do this. |label2=example_subclade |2={{clade |label1=example label with spaces |1=subitem1 for this clade |2=subitem2 |3=subitem3 }} |label3=example_subclade_2 |3={{clade |label1=subitem1_missing_but_with_label |2=subitem2 |label3=subitem3_is_a_subclade_of_subclade2 |3={{clade |1=subitemA |2=subitemB |label3=you_don't_have_to_give_every_item_a_number but_you_can't_control_labels_easily |3={{clade |1=subitem1 can't be seen |2=subitem2 can't be seen |label2=this_should_label_subitem2 (which doesn't show up) so it drops onto X |label9=this_should_label_the_box (caused_by_a_space_before_the_data) |Z|X|A|B|C|D|E|FGHIJK| FGHIJK|L|abcdefg }} }} }} |label4= mostly sensible clade |4={{clade |1=subitem1 |2=subitem2 |3=subitem3 |4={{clade |label1=Gold star on blue |1=[[File:Gold star on blue.gif|199x95px]] |label2=an exploding [[Star]] is a |2=[[Supernova]] |label3=[[File:Gold star on blue.gif|199x95px]]images in labels move the line too far down. |3={{clade |1=subitem1 |2=subitem2 |3=subitem3 }} }} }} |label5=label for example text 5 |6= this is example text 6 - placed where Example text 5 should have gone in the edit tab |label7=first label ignored |label7=second label overwrites first |7= Example item with no subclade but with two labels (that won't work) |label8=example next set of subclades |8={{clade |1=subitem1 |2=subitem2 |3=subitem3 |label4=this label without nbsp type spaces pushes the line too far down |4={{clade |1=subitem1 |2=subitem2 |3=subitem3 }} }} }} {{cob}}
it looks like this Template:Cot
Template:Cob
Template:See Also
In the first line of table code, after the "{|", instead of specifying a style directly, you can also specify a CSS class. The style for this class can be specified in various ways:
Instead of remembering table parameters, you just include an appropriate style class after the {|
. This helps keep table formatting consistent, and can allow a single change to the class to fix a problem or enhance the look of all the tables that are using it at once. For instance, this:
{| cellpadding="2" |+ Multiplication table |- ! scope="col" | × ! scope="col" | 1 ! scope="col" | 2 ! scope="col" | 3 |- ! scope="row" | 1 | 1 || 2 || 3 |- ! scope="row" | 2 | 2 || 4 || 6 |- ! scope="row" | 3 | 3 || 6 || 9 |- ! scope="row" | 4 | 4 || 8 || 12 |- ! scope="row" | 5 | 5 || 10 || 15 |} |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
becomes this: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{| class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive " |+ Multiplication table |- ! scope="col" | × ! scope="col" | 1 ! scope="col" | 2 ! scope="col" | 3 |- ! scope="row" | 1 | 1 || 2 || 3 |- ! scope="row" | 2 | 2 || 4 || 6 |- ! scope="row" | 3 | 3 || 6 || 9 |- ! scope="row" | 4 | 4 || 8 || 12 |- ! scope="row" | 5 | 5 || 10 || 15 |} |
|
simply by replacing inline CSS for the table by class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive "
. This is because the wikitable table-responsive class in MediaWiki:Common.css contains a number of table.wikitable table-responsive CSS style rules. These are all applied at once when you mark a table with the class. You can then add additional style rules if desired. These override the class's rules, allowing you to use the class style as a base and build up on it:
Wiki markup
{| class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive " style="font-style:italic; font-size:120%; border: 3px dashed red;" |+ Multiplication table |- ! scope="col" | × ! scope="col" | 1 ! scope="col" | 2 ! scope="col" | 3 |- ! scope="row" | 1 | 1 || 2 || 3 |- ! scope="row" | 2 | 2 || 4 || 6 |- ! scope="row" | 3 | 3 || 6 || 9 |- ! scope="row" | 4 | 4 || 8 || 12 |- ! scope="row" | 5 | 5 || 10 || 15 |}
As it appears in a browser:
× | 1 | 2 | 3 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
2 | 2 | 4 | 6 |
3 | 3 | 6 | 9 |
4 | 4 | 8 | 12 |
5 | 5 | 10 | 15 |
Notice that the table retains the gray background of the wikitable table-responsive class, and the headers are still bold and centered. But now the text formatting has been overridden by the local style statement; all of the text in the table has been made italic and 120% normal size, and the wikitable table-responsive border has been replaced by the red dashed border.
Of course this works only for browsers supporting inline CSS, if it's important use XHTML markup like instead of "font-size:120%", or Wiki markup like
''text''
instead of "font-style:italic".
Classes can also be used to collapse tables, so they are hidden by default. Use the style 'collapsible' to enable collapsing behaviour. By default, a collapsible table will begin expanded. To change this, include the additional class 'collapsed' or 'autocollapse' (i.e. only collapse if 3 other collapsible tables are present). You must include a header row, where the 'hide' option will be displayed. Example:
{| class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive collapsible collapsed" |- ! Header |- | Content which starts hidden |- | more hidden content |}
Gives:
Header |
---|
Content which starts hidden |
more hidden content |
Tables can be made sortable by adding class="duhoc-nso sortable"
; for details see Help:Sorting. Since this can be very useful, it is wise to keep the possibilities and limitations of this feature in mind when designing a table. For example:
A long form of abbreviated content can be put as legend outside the table.
Wiki markup
{| class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive sortable" border="1" |+ Sortable table |- ! scope="col" | Alphabetic ! scope="col" | Numeric ! scope="col" | Date ! scope="col" class="duhoc-nso unsortable" | Unsortable |- | d || 20 || 2008-11-24 || This |- | b || 8 || 2004-03-01 || column |- | a || 6 || 1979-07-23 || cannot |- | c || 4 || 1492-12-08 || be |- | e || 0 || 1601-08-13 || sorted. |}
As it appears in a browser:
Alphabetic | Numeric | Date | Unsortable |
---|---|---|---|
d | 20 | 2008-11-24 | This |
b | 8 | 2004-03-01 | column |
a | 6 | 1979-07-23 | cannot |
c | 4 | 1492-12-08 | be |
e | 0 | 1601-08-13 | sorted. |
See Help:Sorting.
It is possible to collapse a sortable table. To do so, you need to use the code {| class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive sortable collapsible"
. Taking the above table and making it collapsable gives you this:
Wiki markup
{| class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive sortable collapsible" border="1" |+ Sortable and collapsible table |- ! scope="col" | Alphabetic ! scope="col" | Numeric ! scope="col" | Date ! scope="col" class="duhoc-nso unsortable" | Unsortable |- | d || 20 || 2008-11-24 || This |- | b || 8 || 2004-03-01 || column |- | a || 6 || 1979-07-23 || cannot |- | c || 4.2 || 1492-12-08 || be |- | e || 0 || 1601-08-13 || sorted. |}
As it appears in a browser:
Alphabetic | Numeric | Date | Unsortable |
---|---|---|---|
d | 20 | 2008-11-24 | This |
b | 8 | 2004-03-01 | column |
a | 6 | 1979-07-23 | cannot |
c | 4.2 | 1492-12-08 | be |
e | 0 | 1601-08-13 | sorted. |
If you want the table to default to collapsed state, use the code {| class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive sortable collapsible collapsed"
in place of {| class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive sortable collapsible"
To create an anchor for a section link to reference a row of a table add an Regardless of whether wikitable table-responsive format or HTML is used, the wikitext of the rows within a table, and sometimes even within a collection of tables, has much in common, e.g.: In that case it can be useful to create a template that produces the syntax for a table row, with the data as parameters. This can have many advantages: Example: Using Template:Pim gives: Thušo:Table/example row template Thušo:Table/example row template Thušo:Table/example row template For a conditional row in a table, we can have: Which gives the following table: (note how the second row is missing) Other types of table syntax that MediaWiki supports: All three are supported by MediaWiki and create (currently) valid HTML output, but the pipe syntax is the simplest. Also, HTML & wiki- See also HTML element#Tables. Note however that the See also Template talk:For#Tables. The pipe syntax, developed by Magnus Manske, substitutes pipes (|) for HTML. There is an on-line script which converts html tables to pipe syntax tables. The pipes must start at the beginning of a new line, except when separating parameters from content or when using A table is defined by {| ''params'' |} which generates " For each table, an HTML which generates another " Parameters can be added like this: which generates " Note: Cells are generated either like this: or like this: which both generate " Parameters in cells can be used like this: which will result in Produces a TH, functioning the same way as TD, but with different style. "!" is used instead of the opening "|". "!!" can be used instead of "||". Parameters still use "|", though. Example: A which generates the HTML " You can also use parameters: which will generate " A summary is produced by adding a summary attribute after the start of the table. It can be used by screen readers to give visually impaired readers the overall gist of the table, without having to listen to the entire table. For example: produces: To format for a square monitor or window, use a tape measure. Determine the height of your rectangular screen. Using that figure measure under the screen to determine the width your monitor’s screen would be if it were square. Mark that location using ink or tape under the screen. Drag the side of your browser’s window to that location so the window is square based on accurate measurements. Square monitors and reading windows are not able to contain tables and galleries made for rectangular and wide screens. When a table or gallery is wider than the monitor, it makes every line of text wider than the screen as well. The px amounts of the following gallery were determined after measuring the window to make sure it was square: Type this: For this: Sometimes it is desirable (such as in a table predominantly made of numbers) to rotate text such that it proceeds from top to bottom or bottom to top instead of from left to right or right to left. Currently, browser support for this type of styling as a component of HTML or CSS is sporadic (Internet Explorer is one of the few browsers that supports this in cascading stylesheets, albeit in a non-standard way). An alternative solution that works in most if not all browsers is to use images in place of the text. For instance, the following table uses SVG images instead of text to produce the rotated column headings: Normally, one problem with this approach is that readers are directed to different pages when they click on the images. To eliminate this problem—or to direct readers to a different page—you can use the The image will wikilink to article "xxxx". By setting the link to an empty string (e.g. A wikitable table-responsive can be used to display side-by-side images, in the manner of an image gallery (formatted by " A simple framed gallery can be formatted using class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive " to generate the minimal thin-lines around images/photos within the table: Note the result below (with thin-lined cells): Another issue about the standard " Another advantage about wikitable table-responsive images, compared to " Note the 3 images sized "199x95px" appear identical height, of 95px (4th image purposely smaller). The "95px" forces height, while "199x" fits the various widths (could even be "999x"): Therefore, the use of size "199x95px" (or "999x95px") produces the auto-height-sizing beyond the " The above wikitable table-responsive -coding produces the result below, of 6 columns: Once images have been placed in a wikitable table-responsive , control of formatting can be adjusted when more images are added. Images within a wikitable table-responsive can be shifted by inserting non-breaking spaces (" ") before or after the image-link (" [[Image:]]"). However, auto-centering simply requires use of center-tags to be placed around an image-link for centering in a cell (" In the example below, note how Col2 uses The above coding generates the table below: note the middle garden image is centered (but not the left image), and the right image has 2 spaces before " View...": Also note that the tag "" made a smaller text-size caption. However, fonts also can be sized by percent (style="font-size: 87%;"), where the actual percent-size as displayed depends on the various sizes allowed for a particular font. The column attribute, above, uses "style=" to set the font-size for the caption, following the 2nd vertical-bar "|". A font-size: 65% is very small, while style="font-size: 87%;" is a mid-size font, larger than the tag small. Actual transfer/display speeds depend on individual files. In 2007 to March 2009 some serious flaws existed in the thumbnailing process when combined with the gallery-display, making thumbnails sometimes larger than the originals. For this reason some users explicitly used tables instead of the gallery tag. However, these issues are fixed as of March 2009. Using Template:T or another template that uses Template:T. To convert from spreadsheets such as Gnumeric, MS Excel or OpenOffice.org Calc, you can use the Copy & Paste Excel-to-Wiki converter or you can save your spreadsheets as .csv and use the csv2wikitable table-responsive converter. Due to the complexity of wikimarkup (especially tables), a common question is if there is any visual editor to make creating and modifying tables easier. Unfortunately at the moment no such editor exists, however it is possible to create a table with a HTML editor (like Adobe Dreamweaver) and then copy the html code generated by this into the page. It is possible in the future that a WYSIWYG editor will be adopted (there has been much discussion about this in the past, however there are many technical hurdles that need to be solved). For the more technically inclined/adventurous tools such as meta:WYSIFTW exist, however they do not incorporate the complete WYSIWYG experience and currently do not support tables (although they may do so in the future). This article uses material from the Wikipedia Sepedi article Thušo:Table, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 license ("CC BY-SA 3.0"); additional terms may apply (view authors). Content is available under CC BY-SA 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses. id="section link anchor name"
parameter to the row start |-
or : |- id="section link anchor name"
Row template
{| class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive sortable" border="1" |- ! scope="col" | a ! scope="col" | b ! scope="col" | a/b {{help:table/example row template| 50|200}} {{help:table/example row template| 8| 11}} {{help:table/example row template|1000| 81}} |}
a b a/b Conditional table row
{| class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive " border="1" {{ #if:1|{{!}}- ! scope="row" {{!}} row one, column one {{!}}row one, column two}} {{ #if: |{{!}}- ! scope="row" {{!}} row two, column one {{!}}row two, column two}} |- ! scope="row" {{!}} row three, column one | row three, column two |}
row one, column one row one, column two row three, column one row three, column two Other table syntax
syntax (Do not use) syntax (i.e., unclosed and tags) will not necessarily remain browser-supported in the future, especially on handheld internet-accessible devices. thead
, tbody
, tfoot
, colgroup
, and col
elements are currently not supported in MediaWiki. Comparison of table syntax
XHTML Wiki-pipe Table
{| |}
Caption |+ caption
Row |-
Data cell cell1 cell2 cell3 | cell1 || cell2 | cell3
Header cell column heading row heading ! scope="col" | column heading
! scope="row" | row heading
Sample table
1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4 {| | 1 || 2 |- | 3 || 4 |}
Pros Cons XHTML Wiki-pipe Pipe syntax in terms of the HTML produced
||
to separate cells on a single line. The parameters are optional. Tables
params>
". Rows
tag will be generated for the first row. To start a new row, use: |-
". |- params
params>". tags will be automatically opened at the first equivalent tags will be automatically closed at and equivalents Cells
|cell1 |cell2 |cell3
|cell1||cell2||cell3
cell1 cell2 cell3 ". The "||" equals "newline" + "|". |params|cell1||params|cell2||params|cell3
params>cell1 params>cell2 params>cell3 Headers
!params|cell1
Captions
|+ Caption
|+ params|Caption
Summaries
{| summary="Artistic renderings of Germania became more triumphant and monumental." | [[File:Philipp Veit 008.jpg|thumb|upright|alt=Robed woman, seated, with sword on her lap|Philipp Veit, ''Germania'', 1834–36]] | [[File:Image Germania (painting).jpg|thumb|upright|alt=Robed woman, standing, holding a sword|Philipp Veit, ''Germania'', 1848]] | [[File:Niederwald memorial 2.JPG|thumb|upright|alt=Monument of robed woman, standing, holding a crown in one hand and a partly sheathed sword in another|Johannes Schilling, ''Germania'', 1871–83]] |}
Square monitors
{| style="background: transparent; margin: auto;" | [[File:Some window blinds.JPG|192x155px|thumb|left|Various window shades]] | [[File:Vert-blinds-2145-rs.jpg|192x170px|thumb|left|Vertical blinds]] | [[File:Gardine.jpg|192x155px|thumb|left|This is not a blind]] |} {| style="background: transparent; margin: auto;" | [[File:Vorhang.jpg|192x155px|thumb|left|Solid shade]] | [[File:Jalousie-1.jpg|328x55px|thumb|left|Horizonal blinds]] |} {| style="background: transparent; margin: auto;" | [[File:Some_window_blinds.JPG|205px|thumb|left|Shade, shutters; vertical & horizontal blinds.]] | [[File:Miniblinds detail of mechanism.jpg|388px|thumb|left|Detail of turning rod (blind stick) attachment on miniblinds]] |}
Vertically oriented column headers
05/08 4266 7828 7282 1105 224 161 916 506 231 04/08 4127 6190 6487 1139 241 205 1165 478 301 link
parameter. A column-header can be coded as follows: ! style="width:3em;" | [[File:wpvg_vg_project.svg|link=xxxx]]
[[File:wpvg_hd_date_page.svg|link=]]
), no navigation will occur when visitors click on an image. Note that it might also be a good idea to color the image text blue if you are using the images as links. Also, SVG is the preferred image format in this case because it can be re-scaled to any size without producing artifacts. Wikitable as image gallery
{| class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive " border="1" |- |[[File:Worms 01.jpg|265px]] |[[File:Worms Wappen 2005-05-27.jpg|235px]] |- |Nibelungen Bridge to Worms
across the [[Rhine]] |Worms and its sister cities |}
Nibelungen Bridge to Worms
across the Rhine Worms and its sister cities {| class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive " border="1" |- |[[File:Worms 01.jpg|130px]] |[[File:Worms Wappen 2005-05-27.jpg|125px]] |[[File:Liberty-statue-with-manhattan.jpg|125px]] |[[File:New-York-Jan2005.jpg|125px]] |- |Nibelungen Bridge to Worms |Worms and its sister cities |Statue of Liberty |New York City |}
Nibelungen Bridge to Worms Worms and its sister cities Statue of Liberty New York City {| class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive " border="1" |- |[[File:Liberty-statue-with-manhattan.jpg|199x95px]] |[[File:New-York-Jan2005.jpg|199x95px]] |[[File:Gold star on blue.gif|199x95px]] |[[File:Worms 01.jpg|100x95px]] |- |Statue of Liberty |New York City |Star on blue |Bridge to Worms |}
Statue of Liberty New York City Star on blue Bridge to Worms {| class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive " border="1" |- |[[File:Liberty-statue-with-manhattan.jpg|199x70px]] |[[File:Gold star on blue.gif|199x70px]] |[[File:New-York-Jan2005.jpg|199x70px]] |[[File:Gold star on deep red.gif|199x70px]] |[[File:Worms 01.jpg|199x70px]] |[[File:Gold star on blue.gif|199x70px]] |}
Shifting/centering
{| class="duhoc-nso wikitable table-responsive " border="1" |- |[[File:Domtoren_vanaf_Brigittenstraat.jpg|299x125px]] |
Dom tower from Brigittenstraat Cloister garth of the Utrecht Dom Church View from bell tower | style="font-size: 87%;" | View from bell tower
Speed/transfer rates
Generate a chart with a table
Converting spreadsheet to wikitable table-responsive format
Tables and WYSIWYG
See also
External links
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