Events
Up to 1925
- 524 – Battle of Vezerone: Burgundy triumphs over the French.
- 1529 - French forces are driven out of Northern Italy by Spain in the Battle of Landriano.
- 1621 - 27 Czech noblemen are executed in the Old Town Square in Prague as a consequence of the Battle of White Mountain.
- 1665 – First soldiers of Le Régiment de Carignan-Salières arrive at Quebec to invade Iroquois territories.
- 1734 – In Montreal in New France (today primarily Quebec), a black slave known by the French name of Marie-Joseph Angélique, was tortured then hanged by the French authorities in a public ceremony that involved her disgrace and the amputation of a hand.
- 1749 – Halifax Nova Scotia founded.
- 1767 – English captain Samuel Wallis reaches the island of Tahiti.
- 1788 – New Hampshire ratifies the Constitution and is thus admitted as the 9th state in the United States.
- 1791 - King Louis XVI of France and members of his close family attempt to flee Paris.
- 1798 – Irish Rebellion of 1798: British Army defeats Irish rebels at Battle of Vinegar Hill
- 1813 – Peninsular War: Battle of Vitoria
- 1813 – Laura Secord sets out to warn British forces of impending American attack at Queenston Ontario.
- 1824 – Greek War of Independence: Egyptian forces capture Psara in the Aegean Sea.
- 1859 – Franco-Austrian War: Battle of Solférino is fought. Witnessed by Henri Dunant, the results were the Geneva Conventions and the Red Cross.
- 1864 – Maori Wars: The Tauranga Campaign ends.
- 1877 – The Molly Maguires, ten Irish immigrants who were labour activists, are hanged in the Carbon County, Pennsylvania Prison.
- 1887 – Queen Victoria's golden jubilee
- 1898 – Guam becomes U.S. Territory.
- 1908 - The Women's Social and Political Union holds a demonstration in London for a woman's right to vote. Over 250,000 women take part.
- 1915 – The U.S. Supreme Court hands down decision in Guinn v. United States 238 US 347 1915, striking down an Oklahoma law denying the right to vote to some citizens.
- 1919 – Royal Canadian Mounted Police fire a volley into a crowd of unemployed war veterans, killing two, during Winnipeg General Strike.
- 1919 – Admiral Ludvig von Reuter scuttles the German fleet in Scapa Flow, Orkney. The nine sailors killed were the last casualties of World War I.
1926 – 2000
- 1930 - One-year conscription begins in France.
- 1939 – The New York Yankees announce Lou Gehrig's retirement.
- 1940 – World War II: France surrenders to Germany.
- 1940 – First successful west to east navigation of Northwest Passage begins at Vancouver, British Columbia.
- 1942 – World War II: Tobruk falls to German forces.
- 1942 – World War II: A Japanese submarine surfaces near the Columbia River in Oregon, firing 17 shells at nearby Fort Stevens in one of only a handful of attacks by the Japanese against USA mainland.
- 1945 – World War II: Battle of Okinawa ends.
- 1947 – A Seaman named Harold Dahl claims to have seen six UFOs near Maury Island. The next morning Dahl reported the first modern MIB encounter.
- 1948 - The Manchester small-scale Experimental Machine, the first stored-program computer, runs its first computer program.
- 1957 – Ellen Louks Fairclough sworn in as Canada's first woman Cabinet Minister
- 1963 - Pope Paul VI is elected.
- 1964 – Three civil rights workers, Andrew Goodman, James Chaney and Mickey Schwerner are murdered in Neshoba County, Mississippi by members of the Ku Klux Klan.
- 1965 – Folk rock band The Byrds release their highly influential debut album Mr. Tambourine Man.
- 1973 – In handing down the decision in Miller v. California 413 US 15, the Supreme Court of the United States establishes the Miller Test, which now governs obscenity in U.S. law.
- 1982 – John Hinckley is found not guilty by reason of insanity for the attempted assassination of Ronald Reagan.
- 1982 – Fête de la Musique street music festival inaugurated in France by Jack Lang.
- 1989 – The U.S. Supreme Court rules in Texas v. Johnson that flag burning is protected speech under the United States Constitution.
- 1998 – French police officer Daniel Nivel is beaten by German hooligans at the 1998 FIFA World Cup. He survives the attack, but is left permanently brain damaged.
- 2000 – Section 28, a law banning the "promotion" of homosexuality, is repealed in Scotland with a 99 to 17 vote.
From 2001
Births
Up to 1800
- 1002 - Pope Leo IX (d. 1054)
- 1226 - Boleslaus V of Poland (d. 1279)
- 1528 - Maria of Austria, Holy Roman Empress (d. 1603)
- 1535 - Leonhard Rauwolf, German physician and botanist (d. 1596)
- 1639 - Increase Mather, American minister and writer (d. 1723)
- 1646 - Maria Francisca of Savoy, Queen of Portugal (d. 1683)
- 1676 – Anthony Collins, English philosopher (d. 1729)
- 1710 - James Short, Scottish mathematician (d. 1768)
- 1730 - Motoori Norinaga, Japanese scholar (d. 1801)
- 1732 – Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach, German composer (d. 1791)
- 1736 – Enoch Poor, American general (d. 1780)
- 1750 - Pierre-Nicolas Beauvallet, French sculptor, draftsman and printmaker (d. 1818)
- 1759 - Alexander J. Dallas, 6th United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 1817)
- 1763 - Pierre Paul Royer-Collard, French statesman and philosopher (d. 1845)
- 1774 – Daniel D. Tompkins, US Congressman, Governor of New York, and the sixth Vice President of the United States (d. 1825)
- 1781 - Simeon Denis Poisson, French mathematician and physicist (d. 1840)
- 1788 - Princess Augusta of Bavaria (d. 1850)
- 1791 - Robert Napier, Scottish engineer (d. 1876)
1801 – 1900
- 1811 – Carlo Matteucci, Italian composer (d. 1868)
- 1818 - Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (d. 1893)
- 1823 – Jean Chacornac, French astronomer (d. 1873)
- 1826 – Georg von Neumayer, German scientist and polar explorer (d. 1909)
- 1831 - Duke Ludwig Wilhelm of Bavaria (d. 1920)
- 1839 – Machado de Assis, Brazilian writer (d. 1908)
- 1850 - Daniel Carter Beard, American illustrator and writer (d. 1941)
- 1850 - Enrico Cecchetti, Italian ballet dancer (d. 1928)
- 1856 - Friedrich Kluge, German philologist (d. 1926)
- 1862 – Damrong Rajanubhab, Thai prince, administrator and historian (d. 1943)
- 1863 – Albert Sauveur, metallurgist (one of the founders of physical metallurgy)
- 1863 – Max Wolf, German astronomer (d. 1932)
- 1870 – Clara Immerwahr, German chemist (d. 1915)
- 1882 - Rockwell Kent, American painter, printmaker, illustrator and writer (d. 1971)
- 1883 - Feodor Gladkov, Russian writer (d. 1958)
- 1883 – Lluís Companys i Jover, President of Catalonia (d. 1940)
- 1884 – Claude Auchinleck, British Field Marshal (d. 1981)
- 1887 – Norman L. Bowen, petrologist (d. 1956)
- 1889 – Ralph Craig, American athlete (d. 1972)
- 1890 - Frank S. Land, American businessman (d. 1959)
- 1891 – Pier Luigi Nervi, Italian architect (d. 1979)
- 1891 – Hermann Scherchen, German conductor (d. 1966)
- 1892 – Reinhold Niebuhr, German-American Protestant theologian (d. 1971)
- 1893 – Alois Hába, Czech composer (d. 1973)
- 1896 – Charles B. Momsen, American inventor (d. 1967)
- 1899 - Pavel Haas, Czech composer (d. 1944)
1901 – 1925
- 1903 - Hermann Engelhard, German athlete (d. 1984)
- 1903 – Al Hirschfeld, American cartoonist (d. 2003)
- 1905 – Jean-Paul Sartre, French philosopher and playwright, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature 1964 (he decided not to accept it) (d. 1980)
- 1905 - Jacques Goddet, French sports journalist (d. 2000)
- 1910 - Aleksandr Tvardovsky, Soviet poet (d. 1971)
- 1911 – Ralph Wendell Burhoe, theologian and scientist, first American to win the Templeton Prize for Progress in Religion
- 1911 - Karl Silberbauer, Austrian SS officer (d. 1972)
- 1912 – Mary McCarthy, American writer (d. 1989)
- 1912 - Marga Spiegel, German writer (d. 2014)
- 1912 - Kazimierz Leski, Polish pilot and engineer (d. 2000)
- 1914 – William Vickrey, Canadian economist, receives the Nobel Prize in Economics (d. 1996)
- 1918 - Eddie Lopat, American baseball player, coach and manager (d. 1992)
- 1918 - Robert Roosa, American economist and banker (d. 1993)
- 1918 - Tibor Szele, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1955)
- 1919 – Gower Champion, dancer and choreographer (d. 1980)
- 1919 – Gérard Pelletier, French journalist, politician and diplomat (d. 1997)
- 1919 – Vladimir Simagin, Chess International Grandmaster & Master, International Correspondence Chess Master, trainer
- 1919 - Paolo Soleri, Italian architect (d. 2013)
- 1920 - Ron Lewin, English footballer (d. 1985)
- 1920 - Hans Gerschwiler, Swiss figure skater (d. 2017)
- 1921 – Helmut Heissenbüttel, German avant-garde novelist and poet (d. 1996)
- 1921 – Judy Holliday, American actress (d. 1965)
- 1921 – Jane Russell, American actress (d. 2011)
- 1921 - István Zsolt, Hungarian football referee (d. 1991)
- 1922 - Heino Lipp, Estonian decathlete, shot putter and discus thrower (d. 2006)
- 1924 - Marga Lopez, Mexican-Argentine actress (d. 2005)
- 1925 - Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas, President of Bolivia (d. 2005)
- 1925 – Maureen Stapleton, American actress (d. 2006)
- 1925 – Giovanni Spadolini, Italian politician (d. 1994)
1926 – 1950
- 1926 - Johanna Quandt, German businesswoman (d. 2015)
- 1927 – Carl Stokes, American politician, Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio (d. 1996)
- 1928 - Per Lillo-Stenberg, Norwegian actor (d. 2014)
- 1929 - Abdel Halim Hafez, Egyptian singer and actor (d. 1977)
- 1930 - Gerald Kaufman, English politician (d. 2017)
- 1931 - Margaret Heckler, American politician (d. 2018)
- 1932 - Bernard Ingham, English journalist and civil servant
- 1932 - Lalo Schifrin, Argentine pianist, composer and conductor
- 1934 – Wulf Kirsten, German writer and recipient of the 1989 Heinrich Mann Prize
- 1934 - Ken Matthews, British race-walker (d. 2019)
- 1935 – Françoise Sagan, French writer (d. 2004)
- 1938 - Ron Ely, American actor
- 1938 - Michael M. Richter, German mathematician and computer scientist
- 1939 – Ruben Berrios, Puerto Rican politician
- 1939 - Ken Catchpole, Australian rugby player (d. 2017)
- 1941 - Liz Mohn, German media proprietor
- 1941 - Valeri Zolotukhin, Russian actor (d. 2013)
- 1943 – Salomé, Spanish singer and Eurovision Song Contest winner
- 1943 - Beat Fehr, Swiss racing driver (d. 1967)
- 1944 - Tony Scott, British director and producer (d. 2012)
- 1944 – Ray Davies, English musician (The Kinks)
- 1944 - Jon Hiseman, English drummer (d. 2018)
- 1944 - Corinna Tsopei, Greek model and actress
- 1945 - Adam Zagajewski, Polish philosopher and poet
- 1946 - Piotr Domaradzki, Polish-American journalist and historian (d. 2015)
- 1946 – Brenda Holloway, American musician
- 1946 - Maurice Saatchi, Baron Saatchi, Iraqi-British businessman
- 1946 - Kate Hoey, British politician
- 1946 - Malcolm Rifkind, British politician
- 1947 – Meredith Baxter, American actress
- 1947 – Shirin Ebadi, Iranian jurist, activist and winner of the Nobel Peace Prize
- 1947 - Michael Gross, American actor
- 1947 - Joey Molland, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1947 - Fernando Savater, Spanish philosopher and writer
- 1948 – Ian McEwan, British writer
- 1948 – Lionel Rose, first aboriginal boxer to win a world title (in 1968) (d. 2011)
- 1948 – Andrzej Sapkowski, Polish fantasy writer
- 1949 - Stephen Hunter Flick, American sound editor
- 1950 – Anne Carson, poet
- 1950 – Joey Kramer, American musician (Aerosmith)
- 1950 – Vasilis Papakonstantinou, Greek singer
1951 – 1975
- 1951 – Nils Lofgren, American musician
- 1951 - Jim Douglas, 80th Governor of Vermont
- 1952 - Koichi Mashimo, Japanese director
- 1953 – Benazir Bhutto, Prime Minister of Pakistan (twice), first female Muslim head of government (d. 2007)
- 1954 – Robert Menasse, Austrian writer
- 1954 - Anne Kirkbride, English actress (Coronation Street) (d. 2015)
- 1955 – Tim Bray, computer programmer
- 1955 – Michel Platini, French footballer
- 1957 - Luis Antonio Tagle, Filipino cardinal
- 1959 - Tom Chambers, American basketball player
- 1959 – Marcella Detroit, singer, musician and songwriter (Shakespear's Sister)
- 1959 - Nimr al-Nimr, Saudi cleric (d. 2016)
- 1960 - Kate Brown, American politician, 38th Governor of Oregon
- 1961 - Manu Chao, French singer and guitarist
- 1961 - Karen Barber, British ice dancer
- 1961 - Joko Widodo, 7th President of Indonesia
- 1962 – Viktor Tsoi, Russian musician
- 1963 - Dario Marianelli, Italian composer
- 1964 – David Morrissey, British actor
- 1964 – Doug Savant, American actor (Melrose Place, Desperate Housewives)
- 1965 - Yang Liwei, Chinese astronaut
- 1965 - Lana Wachowski, American movie director, screenwriter and producer
- 1966 – Rudi Bakhtiar, journalist
- 1966 - Sergey Grishin, Russian businessman and billionaire
- 1967 - Pierre Omidyar, French-American businessman, co-founded eBay
- 1967 - Yingluck Shinawatra, former Prime Minister of Thailand
- 1968 – Chris Gueffroy, last person to be shot at the Berlin Wall (d. 1989)
- 1971 - Anette Olzon, Swedish singer
- 1971 - Keith Loneker, American football player and actor (d. 2017)
- 1973 – Juliette Lewis, American actress
- 1974 - Flavio Roma, Italian footballer
From 1976
- 1976 – René Aufhauser, Austrian footballer
- 1976 – Miroslav Karhan, Slovakian footballer
- 1978 - Erica Durance, Canadian actress
- 1978 - Jean-Pascal Lacoste, French singer and actor
- 1979 – Kostas Katsouranis, Greek footballer
- 1979 – Chris Pratt, American actor
- 1981 – Brandon Flowers, American singer/keyboardist (The Killers)
- 1982 – Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, second-in-line to the British throne
- 1982 - Jussie Smollett, American actor
- 1983 - Edward Snowden, American intelligence contractor, activist and academic
- 1983 - Nadia López, Mexican singer
- 1985 – Kris Allen, American singer/American Idol Winner
- 1985 - Lana Del Rey, American singer
- 1986 - Hideaki Wakui, Japanese baseball player
- 1986 - Cheick Tioté, Ivorian footballer (d. 2017)
- 1987 – Sebastian Prödl, Austrian footballer
- 1987 - Pablo Barrera, Mexican footballer
- 1987 - Kim Ryeowook, South Korean singer, songwriter and actor
- 1988 - Alejandro Ramírez, Costa Rican chess player
- 1988 - Alyssa DeHaan, American basketball and volleyball player
- 1988 - Thaddeus Young, American basketball player
- 1989 - Abubakar Kaki Khamis, Sudanese track-and-field athlete
- 1990 - Knowledge Musona, Zimbabwean footballer
- 1991 - Gaël Kakuta, French footballer
- 1992 - Carly Booth, Scottish golfer
- 1992 - Max Schneider, American actor, dancer, model and singer
- 1994 - Chisato Okai, Japanese singer and actress
- 1997 – Rebecca Black, American pop singer, became famous on YouTube
- 1998 - Isabel Atkin, English freestyle skier
- 2001 – Aleksandra Obolentseva, Russian chess player
- 2001 - Eleanor Worthington Cox, English actress
- 2011 - Lil Bub, American celebrity cat
Deaths
Up to 1900
- 223 - Liu Rei, Chinese Emperor (b. 161)
- 1040 - Fulk III, Count of Anjou (b. 972)
- 1206 - Enrico Dandolo, 42nd Doge of Venice (b. 1107)
- 1208 - Philip of Swabia (b. 1177)
- 1305 – Wenceslaus II of Bohemia and Poland (b. 1271)
- 1377 – King Edward III of England (b. 1312)
- 1521 - Leonardo Loredan, 76th Doge of Venice (b. 1436)
- 1547 – Niccolò Machiavelli, Italian political philosopher (b. 1469)
- 1582 – Oda Nobunaga, Japanese shogun (b. 1534)
- 1591 - Aloysius Gonzaga, Italian saint (b. 1568)
- 1621 - Louis III, Cardinal of Guise (b. 1575)
- 1621 - Krystof Harant, Czech soldier, writer and composer (b. 1564)
- 1652 – Inigo Jones, English architect (b. 1573)
- 1661 - Andrea Sacchi, Italian painter (b. 1599)
- 1874 - Anders Jonas Angstrom, Swedish physicist (b. 1814)
- 1876 – Antonio López de Santa Anna, Mexican President and military figure (b. 1794)
- 1893 - Leland Stanford, 8th Governor of California (b. 1824)
1901 – 2000
- 1908 – Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Russian composer (b. 1844)
- 1914 – Bertha von Suttner, Austrian pacifist and first female winner of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1843)
- 1917 – Matthias Zurbriggen, Swiss mountain climber (b. 1856)
- 1921 - Murphy J. Foster, Governor of Louisiana (b. 1849)
- 1951 - Charles Dillon-Perrine, American astronomer (b. 1867)
- 1952 - Wop May, Canadian pilot and captain (b. 1896)
- 1954 - Gideon Sundback, Swedish engineer and inventor of the zipper (b. 1880)
- 1957 – Johannes Stark, German physicist (b. 1874)
- 1964 – James Chaney, American Civil Rights activist (b. 1943)
- 1964 – Andrew Goodman, American Civil Rights activist (b. 1943)
- 1964 – Michael Schwerner, American Civil Rights activist (b. 1939)
- 1969 – Maureen Connolly, American tennis player (b. 1934)
- 1970 – Sukarno, first President of Indonesia (b. 1901)
- 1970 - Piers Courage, English racing driver (b. 1942)
- 1979 - Angus MacLise, American drummer and songwriter (b. 1938)
- 1985 – Tage Erlander, Prime Minister of Sweden (b. 1901)
- 1992 – Li Xiannian, President of the People's Republic of China (b. 1909)
- 1993 – Ticho Parly, Danish tenor (b. 1928)
- 1997 - Shintaro Katsu, Japanese actor, singer, director and producer (b. 1931)
- 1998 - Anastasio Ballestero, Italian cardinal (b. 1913)
- 2000 – Alan Hovhanness, American composer (b. 1911)
From 2001
- 2001 - John Lee Hooker, American blues musician (b. 1916)
- 2003 – Leon Uris, American writer (b. 1924)
- 2005 - Jaime Sin, Archbishop of Manila (b. 1928)
- 2007 - Georg Danzer, Austrian singer (b. 1946)
- 2008 – Kermit Love, American puppeteer (b. 1916)
- 2010 – Stanley Lucas, British supercentenarian (b. 1900)
- 2011 – Maria Gomes Valentim, Brazilian supercentenarian (b. 1896)
- 2012 - Ramaz Shengelia, Soviet-Georgian footballer (b. 1957)
- 2012 - Anna Schwartz, American economist and writer (b. 1915)
- 2014 - Yozo Ishikawa, Japanese politician (b. 1925)
- 2014 - Walter Kieber, 7th Prime Minister of Liechtenstein (b. 1931)
- 2014 - Jimmy C. Newman, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1927)
- 2015 - Veijo Meri, Finnish writer (b. 1928)
- 2015 - Gunther Schuller, American conductor, composer and musician (b. 1925)
- 2015 - Alexander Schalck-Golodkowski, German politician (b. 1932)
- 2016 - Kunio Hatoyama, Japanese politician (b. 1948)
- 2016 - Henk Hofland, Dutch journalist, columnist and writer (b. 1927)
- 2016 - Al Howie, Scottish-Canadian long-distance runner (b. 1945)
- 2017 - Jean-Pierre Kahane, French mathematician (b. 1926)
- 2017 - Steffi Martin, German luger (b. 1962)
- 2017 - Con Sciacca, Italian-Australian politician (b. 1947)
- 2017 - Robert M. Shoemaker, American military officer (b. 1924)
- 2017 - Brian Street, British anthropologist (b. 1943)
- 2018 - Katriina Elovirta, Finnish footballer and referee (b. 1961)
- 2018 - Charles Krauthammer, American political commentator, columnist and writer (b. 1950)
- 2018 - Armando Merodio, Spanish footballer (b. 1935)
- 2018 - Laurence Street, Australian judge (b. 1926)
- 2018 - Grigory Barenblatt, Russian mathematician (b. 1927)
- 2018 - Jamsheed Marker, Pakistani politician (b. 1922)
- 2019 - Demetris Christofias, 6th President of Cyprus (b. 1946)
- 2019 - Bubba Green, American football player (b. 1957)
- 2019 - Jan Meyers, American politician (b. 1928)
Observances
References
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