Mencawak
Mencawak, menyawak, nyambik utawa slira/salira (Varanus), yaiku kadhal gedhé asli saka Afrika, Asia lan Oséania.
Nanging saik uga tinemu ing Amérika minangka spésiès invasif. Ana 79 spésiès kang saiki wis kenali.
| Mencawak Kalamangsa: Miocene to present | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Rock monitor (Varanus albigularis) | |
Klasifikasi ngèlmiah  | |
| Karajan: | Animalia |
| Filum: | Chordata |
| Klas: | Reptilia |
| Ordho: | Squamata |
| Famili: | Varanidae |
| Génus: | Varanus
|
| Spésies tipe | |
| Varanus varius Shaw, 1790 | |
| Subgenera | |
(delengen ing wedharan) | |
Wedharan
Mencawak kalebu jinis kadhal kang gedhé, duwé gulu kang dawa, buntut lan cakar kang rosa. Dawané saka 20 cm nganti luwi saka 3 m mligi tumrap menyawak komodho. Déné jinis Varanus priscus kang wus cures malah luwih saka 7 m. Akéh jinis mencawak kang karnivora kanthi mangan gegremet, urang-urangan, endhog, rèptil cilik, iwak lan mamalia cilik. Akéh-akéhé mencawak mangan kéwan invertebrata nalika isih nom, déné sawisé diwasa mangan kéwan vertebrata. Menyawak komodho diwasa, jinis menyawak kang paling gedhé luwih saka 50% pangané rupa kidang. Déné 3 spésiès mencawak saka Filipina kang urip ing wit, yaiku Varanus bitatawa, Varanus mabitang, lan Varanus olivaceus mung mangan woh-wohan.
Racaké mencawak urip dhéwé, nanging uga bisa urip ing kelompok nganti cacah 25 ing ékosistem kang larang banyu.
Spésiès
Génus Varanus
- Spqcixs kang ditengeri † ateges wis cures
Subgénus Empagusia:
- V. bengalensis
- V. dumerilii
- V. flavescens
- V. nebulosus
- V. rudicollis
Subgénus Euprepiosaurus:
- V. beccarii
- V. boehmei
- V. caerulivirens
- V. cerambonensis
- V. doreanus
- V. finschi
- V. indicus
- V. jobiensis
- V. juxtindicus
- V. keithhornei
- V. kordensis
- V. macraei
- V. melinus
- V. lirungensis
- V. obor
- V. prasinus
- V. rainerguentheri
- V. reisingeri
- V. spinulosus
- V. semotus
- V. telenesetes
- V. zugorum
Subgénus Odatria:
- V. acanthurus
- V. a. acanthurus
- V. a. brachyurus
- V. a. insulanicus
- V. auffenbergi
- V. baritji
- V. brevicauda
- V. bushi
- V. caudolineatus
- V. eremius
- V. gilleni
- V. glauerti
- V. glebopalma
- V. hamersleyensis
- V. kingorum
- V. mitchelli
- V. sparnus
- V. storri
- V. s. storri
- V. s. ocreatus
- V. timorensis
- V. tristis
- V. t. orientalis
Subgénus Papusaurus:
- V. salvadorii
Subgénus Philippinosaurus:
- V. bitatawa
- V. mabitang
- V. olivaceus
Subgénus Polydaedalus:
- V. albigularis
- V. a. albigularis
- V. a. angolensis
- V. a. microstictus
- V. exanthematicus
- V. niloticus
- V. ornatus
- V. stellatus
Subgénus Psammosaurus:
- V. griseus
- V. g. griseus
- V. g. caspius
- V. g. koniecznyi
- V. nesterovi
Subgénus Soterosaurus:
- V. bangonorom
- V. cumingi
- V. dalubhasa
- V. marmoratus
- V. nuchalis
- V. palawanensis
- V. rasmusseni
- V. salvator, Mencawak banyu
- V. s. salvator,
- V. s. andamanensis
- V. s. bivittatus
- V. s. macromaculatus
- V. s. ziegleri
Subgénus †Varaneades:
- †V. amnhophilis
Subgénus Varanus:
- V. giganteus
- V. gouldii
- V. komodoensis, Komodho
- V. mertensi
- V. panoptes
- V. p. panoptes
- V. p. horni
- V. p. rubidus
- †V. priscus(cures)
- V. rosenbergi
- V. spenceri
- V. varius
Rujukan
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