Eceran: Barang

Organisasi ataupun seseorang yang menjalankan bisnis ini disebut sebagai pengecer. Pada praktiknya pengecer melakukan pembelian barang ataupun produk dalam jumlah besar dari produsen, ataupun pengimpor baik secara langsung ataupun melalui grosir, untuk kemudian dijual kembali dalam jumlah kecil. Istilah lain yang juga digunakan untuk merujuk pemasaran "eceran" yaitu "ketengan", "peruncitan", atau "ritel".

• Produk makanan.
• Peranti keras - perabotan rumah, elektronik konsumen, perabot, alat olahraga, alat kantor, dan alat kesehatan.
• Peranti biasa atau peranti konsumsi - pakaian dan barang tenun lainnya.

• Toko

• Adburgham, A., Shopping in Style: London from the Restoration to Edwardian Elegance, London, Thames and Hudson, 1979
• Alexander, A., "The Study of British Retail History: Progress and Agenda", in The Routledge Companion to Marketing History, D.G. Brian Jones and Mark Tadajewski (eds.), Oxon, Routledge, 2016, pp. 155–72
• Feinberg, R.A. and Meoli, J., [Online: "A A Brief History of the Mall Brief History of the Mall"], in Advances in Consumer Research, Volume 18, Rebecca H. Holman and Michael R. Solomon (eds.), Provo, UT: Association for Consumer Research, 1991, pp. 426–27
• Hollander, S.C., "Who and What are Important in Retailing and Marketing History: A Basis for Discussion", in S.C. Hollander and R. Savitt (eds.) First North American Workshop on Historical Research in Marketing, Lansing, MI: Michigan State University, 1983, pp. 35–40.
• Jones, F., "Retail Stores in the United States, 1800–1860", Journal of Marketing, October 1936, pp. 135–40
• Krafft, Manfred; Mantrala, Murali K., ed. (2006). Retailing in the 21st Century: Current and Future Trends. New York: Springer Verlag. ISBN 978-3-540-28399-7. 
• Kowinski, W.S., The Malling of America: An Inside Look at the Great Consumer Paradise, New York, William Morrow, 1985
• Furnee, J.H., and Lesger, C. (eds), The Landscape of Consumption: Shopping Streets and Cultures in Western Europe, 1600–1900, Springer, 2014
• MacKeith, M., The History and Conservation of Shopping Arcades, Mansell Publishing, 1986
• Nystrom, P.H., "Retailing in Retrospect and Prospect", in H.G. Wales (ed.) Changing Perspectives in Marketing, Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 19951, pp. 117–38.
• Stobard, J., Sugar and Spice: Grocers and Groceries in Provincial England, 1650–1830, Oxford University Press, 2016

 

Wikibooks memiliki buku di:

Marketing

 

Lihat entri retail di kamus bebas Wiktionary.