防

Han character edit

防 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+4, 7 strokes in traditional Chinese, 6 strokes in simplified Chinese, cangjie input 弓中卜竹尸 (NLYHS), four-corner 7022₇, composition ⿰阝方)

Derived characters edit

• 𭰤, 𫕗, 𩗧, 𪁢, 埅

References edit

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1347, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41576
• Dae Jaweon: page 1848, character 25
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4118, character 1
• Unihan data for U+9632

Glyph origin edit

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baŋ, *baŋs) : semantic 阝 + phonetic 方 (OC *paŋ, *baŋ).

Pronunciation edit

Definitions edit

防

1. (literary, or in compounds) dam; embankment

   • 稻人掌稼下地，以瀦畜水，以防止水。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     稻人掌稼下地，以潴畜水，以防止水。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Rites of Zhou, circa 3^rd century BCE

     Dàorén zhǎng jià xiàdì, yǐ zhū xù shuǐ, yǐ fáng zhǐ shuǐ. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. (obsolete) fortress; stronghold
3. (obsolete) to dam; to block; to build an embankment

   • 防民之口，甚於防川。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     防民之口，甚于防川。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Guoyu, circa 4^th century BCE

     Fáng mín zhī kǒu, shèn yú fáng chuān. [Pinyin]

     To blocking people's mouths is worse than to block a river.

4. to prevent; to guard against

   防癌  ―  fáng'ái  ―  to prevent cancer

   這種人不得不防。 [MSC, trad.]
   这种人不得不防。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè zhǒng rén bùdé bù fáng. [Pinyin]

   You must guard against people like this.

5. (literary, or in compounds) to defend; to safeguard

   防線／防线  ―  fángxiàn  ―  line of defense

   • 或從十五北防河，便至四十西營田。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     或从十五北防河，便至四十西营田。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 8th century, 杜甫 (Du Fu), 《兵車行》 (The Army Wagons: A Ballad); translated by Stephen Owen

     Huò cóng shíwǔ běi fáng hé, biàn zhì sìshí xī yíngtián. [Pinyin]

     Some from the age of fifteen are north guarding the River, then as soon as they reach forty they work military settlements in the west.

6. (literary, or in compounds) matters pertaining to defense

   邊防／边防  ―  biānfáng  ―  border defense

   國防／国防  ―  guófáng  ―  national defense

7. a surname

Synonyms edit

• (dam):

• (to prevent):

• (to defend):

• (matters pertaining to defense): 防務／防务 (fángwù)

Compounds edit

Further reading edit

• “防”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Kanji edit

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. dam, embankment
2. prevent, anti-, -proof
3. defend

Readings edit

• Go-on: ぼう (bō, Jōyō)^{←ばう (bau, historical)}
• Kan-on: ほう (hō)^{←はう (fau, historical)}
• Kun: ふせぐ (fusegu, 防ぐ, Jōyō); つつみ (tsutsumi)

Compounds edit

dam, embankment

• 堤(てい)防(ぼう) (teibō)

prevent, anti-, -proof

defend

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation edit

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [pa̠ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [방]

Hanja edit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

防

Wikisource

防 (eumhun 막을 방 (mageul bang))

1. Hanja form^? of 방 (“dam, embankment”).
2. Hanja form^? of 방 (“prevent, anti-, -proof”).
3. Hanja form^? of 방 (“defend”).

Compounds edit

• 방어 (防禦, bang'eo, “defense”)
• 방수 (防水, bangsu, “waterproof”)
• 방음 (防音, bang'eum, “soundproof”)
• 방화 (防火, banghwa, “fireproof”)
• 방탄 (防彈, bangtan, “bulletproof”)
• 방범 (防犯, bangbeom, “prevention of crime”)

Han character edit

防: Hán Nôm readings: phòng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds edit

• phòng bệnh (防病)