放

Stroke order

Han character edit

放 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜尸人大 (YSOK), four-corner 0824₀, composition ⿰方攵)

Derived characters edit

• 倣 𤊦 𥓴 䢟 敖

References edit

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 469, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13133
• Dae Jaweon: page 818, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1451, character 11
• Unihan data for U+653E

Glyph origin edit

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *paŋʔ, *paŋs) : phonetic 方 (OC *paŋ, *baŋ) + semantic 攵 (“hand, action”) – an action, release.

Pronunciation 1 edit

Definitions edit

放

1. to release; to free; to liberate
2. to let out; to let go; to launch; to shoot

   放鞭炮  ―  fàng biānpào  ―  to set off firecrackers

3. to put; to place

   把書本放在桌子上。 [MSC, trad.]
   把书本放在桌子上。 [MSC, simp.]

   Bǎ shūběn fàng zài zhuōzi shang. [Pinyin]

   Place the books on the desk.

4. to lay aside
5. (of a flower) to open out
6. to expand; to enlarge; to extend
7. to cause to fall down; to knock down
8. to put on; to play (a recording)

   放音樂／放音乐  ―  fàng yīnyuè  ―  to play music

9. to take livestock out to feed on grass; to graze; to put out to pasture; to herd
   • 1949, 劉廷雙, quotee, “文盲農民的成績”, in 林漢達, editor, 新文字手冊 [Sin Wenz Shouce], 1st edition, 中華書局出版 [Zhonghua Shugy Chuban], page 29:

     我(Wo)從(cung)八歲(ba-suei)到(dao)十一(sh-i)歲(suei)，在(zai)堡(Pu)石(Sh)圖(Tu)張(Zhang)洪貴(Hung-guei)家(gia)放(Fang) ((fang))豬(Zhu) ((zhu))，二(r)年(nian)。十一(Sh-i)歲(suei)到(dao)十三(sh-san)歲(suei)，在(zai)茂林(Maolin)東(dung)孟移屯(Mengjituen)劉(Liu)長春(Chang-Chuen)家(gia)放(fang)馬(ma)。

     我從八歲到十一歲，在堡石圖張洪貴家放豬，二年。十一歲到十三歲，在茂林東孟移屯劉長春家放馬。 [Northeastern Mandarin, trad.]
     我从八岁到十一岁，在堡石图张洪贵家放猪，二年。十一岁到十三岁，在茂林东孟移屯刘长春家放马。 [Northeastern Mandarin, simp.]

     Wǒ cóng bāsuì dào shíyīsuì, zài Pùshítú Zhāng Hóngguì jiā fàngzhū, èrnián. Shíyīsuì dào shísānsuì, zài Màolín dōng Mèngyítún Liú Chángchūn jiā fàngmǎ. [Pinyin]

     From eight years of age to eleven years of age, I served as a swineherd for Zhang Honggui at Pushitu for two years. From eleven years of age to thirteen years of age, I served as a groom for Liu Changchun at East Mengyitun, Maolin.

10. to ignite; to set on fire; to light; to kindle
11. to distribute; to hand out; to issue; to dispense
12. to lend (to allow to be used temporarily)
13. (Cantonese) unbridled; without restraints or limits

    佢哋尋晚玩得好放。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    佢哋寻晚玩得好放。 [Cantonese, simp.]

    keoi⁵ dei⁶ cam⁴ maan⁵ waan² dak¹ hou² fong³. [Jyutping]

    They played without limits last night.

14. (Sichuanese) to betroth (one's daughter) to somebody
15. ^† to cause; to make
16. ^† to banish; to exile

    • 齊宣王問曰：「湯放桀，武王伐紂，有諸？」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
      齐宣王问曰：「汤放桀，武王伐纣，有诸？」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

      From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

      Qí Xuānwáng wèn yuē: “Tāng fàng Jié, Wǔwáng fá Zhòu, yǒu zhū?” [Pinyin]

      King Xuan of Qi asked, saying, 'Was it so, that Tang banished Jie, and that King Wu smote Zhou?'

17. (Teochew, Singapore Hokkien) at (used after a verb)
    • 2016, 夏友庆 [Ivan Ho], 10:05 from the start, in 颜美琴 [Gan Bee Khim], director, 《欢喜就好》 [Happy Can Already!]‎^[1], episode 2, spoken by 梁细妹 [Liang Xi Mei] (梁志强 [Jack Neo]):

      佇厝就是關放房間佇咧睏啦 [Hokkien, trad.]
      伫厝就是关放房间伫咧困啦 [Hokkien, simp.]

      tī chhù chiū-sī kuiⁿ pàng pâng-keng tī-leh khùn--lah [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

      When she is [home], she's usually asleep in their room (literally, When at home, [she] is closed up in the room sleeping)

Synonyms edit

• (to put):

• (to open out): 開放／开放 (kāifàng), 開／开 (kāi)
• (to expand):

• (to cause to fall down): 放倒 (fàngdǎo)
• (to take livestock out to feed on grass): 放牧 (fàngmù)
• (to ignite):

• (to distribute):

• (to betroth one's daughter to somebody): 許配／许配 (xǔpèi)

Compounds edit

Descendants edit

Pronunciation 2 edit

Definitions edit

放

1. Alternative form of 仿 (“to imitate; to resemble”)
2. to base on
3. to reach
4. a surname: Fang

Pronunciation 3 edit

References edit

• “放”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Kanji edit

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. set free
2. release
3. fire
4. shoot
5. emit
6. banish
7. liberate

Readings edit

• Go-on: ほう (hō, Jōyō)^{←はう (fau, historical)}
• Kan-on: ほう (hō, Jōyō)^{←はう (fau, historical)}
• Kun: はなす (hanasu, 放す, Jōyō); はなつ (hanatsu, 放つ, Jōyō); はなれる (hanareru, 放れる, Jōyō); ほうる (hōru, 放る, Jōyō); ゆるす (yurusu, 放す)

Compounds edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Chinese 放 (MC pjangH). Recorded as Middle Korean 방 (pang) (Yale: pang) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

Pronunciation edit

• (in 방학 (放學, banghak)):
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [pa̠ŋ]
  • Phonetic hangul: [방]
• (to release; to shoot; to banish; etc.):
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [pa̠(ː)ŋ]
  • Phonetic hangul: [방(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja edit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

放

Wikisource

放 (eumhun 놓을 방 (no'eul bang))

1. Hanja form^? of 방 (“to release; to let go; to emit”).
2. Hanja form^? of 방 (“to shoot; to fire”).
3. Hanja form^? of 방 (“to banish; to exile”).

Compounds edit

References edit

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Han character edit

放: Hán Việt readings: phóng^[1]
放: Nôm readings: phúng^[2], phưng^[2]

1. chữ Hán form of phóng (“to emit; to launch; to throw; to release”).
2. chữ Hán form of phóng (“to rush along”).

Compounds edit

References edit