況

Stroke order

Han character edit

況 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水口竹山 (ERHU), four-corner 3611₀, composition ⿰氵兄)

Derived characters edit

• 𮭃

Descendants edit

• 况

References edit

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 615, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17264
• Dae Jaweon: page 1009, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1586, character 2
• Unihan data for U+6CC1

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 況
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hmaŋs) : semantic 氵 (“river”) + phonetic 兄 (OC *hmraŋ).

Pronunciation edit

Definitions edit

況

1. condition; situation
2. (archaic) much less; let alone

   • 臣之罪甚多矣。臣猶知之，而況君乎？請由此亡。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     臣之罪甚多矣。臣犹知之，而况君乎？请由此亡。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE

     Chén zhī zuì shènduō yǐ. Chén yóu zhī zhī, ér kuàng jūn hū? Qǐng yóucǐ wáng. [Pinyin]

     My wrongdoings have been excessive. Even I myself understand this, let alone you, my liege? May you banish me henceforth.

   • 吾未聞枉己而正人者也，況辱己以正天下者乎？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     吾未闻枉己而正人者也，况辱己以正天下者乎？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Wú wèi wén wǎngjǐ ér zhèngrén zhě yě, kuàng rǔjǐ yǐ zhèng tiānxià zhě hū? [Pinyin]

     I have not heard of one who bent himself, and at the same time made others straight; how much less could one disgrace himself, and thereby rectify the whole kingdom?

3. furthermore
4. to compare; to draw an analogy with

Compounds edit

Kanji edit

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. furthermore
2. situation

Readings edit

• Go-on: こう (kō)^{←くわう (kwau, historical)}
• Kan-on: きょう (kyō, Jōyō)^{←きやう (kyau, historical)←くゐやう (kwyau, ancient)}
• Kun: まして (mashite, 況して); いわんや (iwan'ya, 況んや)^{←いはんや (ifan'ya, 況んや, historical)}; おもむき (omomuki, 況)

Hanja edit

況 • (hwang) (hangeul 황, revised hwang, McCune–Reischauer hwang, Yale hwang)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Han character edit

況: Hán Nôm readings: huống^{[1][2][3][4][5][6]}

1. chữ Hán form of huống (“situation; furthermore”).

References edit