Tourette Chèng-Hāu-Kûn

Tourette syndrome
Other names	Tourette's syndrome, Tourette's disorder, Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS), combined vocal and multiple motor tic disorder [de la Tourette]
Georges Gilles de la Tourette (1857–1904), namesake of Tourette syndrome
Specialty	Pediatrics, neurology, psychiatry
Symptoms	Tics
Usual onset	Typically in childhood
Duration	Long term
Causes	Genetic with environmental influence
Diagnostic method	Based on history and symptoms
Medication	Usually none, occasionally neuroleptics and noradrenergics
Prognosis	80% will experience improvement to disappearance of tics beginning in late teens
Frequency	About 1% of children and adolescents Between 0.3% and 1.0% of general population

Chit-ê pēⁿ ê te̍k-cheng sī tics, 1-chióng tiông-ho̍k hoat-seng, bô-hoat-tō· khòng-chè, khoài-sok, hu̍t-jiân ê tōng-chok he̍k hoat-chhut siaⁿ-im. Chèng-chōng pau-koah kúi-á-chióng ê tōng-chok tics kap 1-ê he̍k chē-ê siaⁿ-im ê tics. Chia-ê tics tī pēⁿ tiong ū-sî m̄-koh bô-tiāⁿ kāng-sî ē hoat-seng; khah chia̍p--ê, múi-1-kang hoat-seng tics kúi-á-pái, he̍k-chiá-sī khah kú--ê, kúi-á-tang ê sî-kan lāi ū-tang-sî--á hoat-seng ū-tang-sî--á koh hó-hó; tics hoat-seng ê ūi-tì, chióng-lūi, pîn-lu̍t kap chhù-sò· ū chiu-kî-sèng ê piàn-hòa, jî-chhiáⁿ hoat-chok ê kiông-tō· ê tau̍h-tau̍h-á cheng-ka koh tau̍h-tau̍h-á kiám-chió; ta̍k-pái hoat-chok chi-kan chèng-chōng ē siau-sit kúi-lé-pài he̍k kúi-kó·-go̍eh; hoat-pēⁿ tī 18-hòe chìn-chêng, tiāⁿ-tī 5~8 hòe chhut-hiān.

Siaⁿ-im hêng ê tics nā-kā hun-lūi, ū echolalia (chhīⁿ-kông teh tiông-ho̍k pa̍t-lâng tú kóng--kòe ê ōe-gí), palilalia (kiông-pek ka-tī kóng ka-tī tú kóng--ê ōe-gí), lexilalia (bô-thang chó·-chí tiông-ho̍k kóng tú khòaⁿ/tha̍k--kòe ê gí-sû), kap siāng-gâu ín-khí gī-lūn ê coprolalia (chū-hoat-sèng lâi kóng chhut siā-hōe kìm-kī ê ōe-gí, hó-pí-kóng óe-siat ê ōe-gí kap jîn-chéng he̍k chéng-cho̍k ê khî-sī ōe-gí). Iah-m̄-koh mā-ū chiâⁿ-chē siaⁿ-im ê tics sī tī chia-ê í ōe-gí tiông-ho̍k chò kin-kù ê hun-lūi í-gōa--ê, hó-pí sī jīn-hô té-té ê siaⁿ-im, chhan-chhiūⁿ chheng nâ-âu, ka-sàu, hiⁿ-hiⁿ-haiⁿ-haiⁿ, hâⁿ-hâⁿ-hńg-hńg ê siaⁿ.

Tōng-chok hêng ê tics ū nih-ba̍k-chiu, chhèng-phiⁿ-á, chhùi-kak chhoah-tōng, tìm-thâu, iô-thâu, niú-khiau ê bīn-pō· piáu-chêng, sin-khu ngia̍uh-ngia̍uh-tāng, he̍k chò-chhut siat-thái ê tōng-chok.

Tī choan-sim chò tāi-chì he̍k tōa-khùn ê sî, tics tiāⁿ-ē toán-chiām siau-sit. Khoân-kéng in-sò· m̄-sī i -ê pēⁿ-in, m̄-koh ap-le̍k, bô-liâu, ià-lán, kap kín-tiuⁿ ē-tit ka-tāng tics ê hoat-seng pîn-lu̍t kap kiông-tō·. Saⁿ-siâng chì sì-sêng ê hōan-chiá tióng-tōa í-āu tics ē siau-sit, saⁿ-siâng ē bêng-hián kiám-chió, kî-thaⁿ saⁿ-hun-chi-it kàu sêng-jîn ia̍h-koh kāng-khoán. Chit-ê pēⁿ bōe tì-sú tì-lêng thòe-hòa, m̄-koh tiāⁿ-ē kan-jiáu tha̍k-chheh, siá-jī, siōng-khò bōe choan-sim, tì-sú sêng-chek thòe-pō·. Mā tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ ha̍p-pèng ū kî-thaⁿ ê bûn-tê, chhin-chhiūⁿ khòe-tōng-chèng, kiông-pek-chèng, iu-ut-chèng.

Io̍h-bu̍t tī-liâu chú-iāu sī sú-siōng topamine kiat-khàng-che, tùi 70-pha kàu 80-pha ê pēⁿ-tông ū-hāu. Su-jiân ū saⁿ-hun-chi-it ê hoān-chiá tōa-hàn liáu-āu chèng-chōng bōe-hó, m̄-koh in ē-hiáu siu-sì am-khàm katī ê chèng-chōng.