Kendang or Gendang is a two-headed drum.
It is used by people from the Indonesian Archipelago. Kendang is one of the first instruments used in the Gamelan ensembles of Javanese, Sundanese, and Balinese, the Kendang ensemble as well as various Kulintang ensembles in Indonesia. It is made in many ways by different ethnic groups.
Inventor(s) | Javanese, Sundanese, Balinese |
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Developed | Indonesia |
Gamelan | |
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Country | Indonesia |
Domains | Traditional craftsmanship, oral traditions and expressions, performing arts, knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe, social practices, rituals and festive events |
Reference | 01607 |
Region | Asia and the Pacific |
Inscription history | |
Inscription | 2021 (16th session) |
List | Representative List |
Gamelan variations consist of: Javanese gamelan (gamelan jawa) of Central Java and Special Region of Yogyakarta, Balinese gamelan (gamelan bali) of Bali, Sundanese gamelan (gamelan sunda) of West Java, Madurese gamelan (gamelan madura), Malay gamelan (gamelan melayu), Banyuwangian Gamelan (gamelan banyuwangi) of East Java, Palembangese gamelan (gamelan palembang) of Palembang, Gendang beleq of West Nusa Tenggara, Banjarese gamelan (gamelan banjar) of South Kalimantan, Gamelan peking of Lampung, and Talempong of West Sumatra. Gamelan instruments: slab-type (wilahan) instruments (saron/sarun/pemade, demung/sarun ganal, Gendèr/kiliningan, slenthem/selentem/jegogan, peking/sarun paking/kantilan, kecrek/keprak), gong-type (pencon) instruments (gong, kempul, kenong, bonang, trompong, kethuk, talempong, kempyang), String instruments (siter, celempung, kecapi, rebab), Bamboo instrument (suling), Drums instruments (kendhang, Bedug, ketipung, gendang beleq), Wooden instrument (gambang) Idiophone instrument (kemanak) |
In Sundanese Gamelan, a minimum set consists of three drums.
Many types of Sundanese Kendang are distinguished according to their function in accompaniment :
Each type of drums in Sundanese music has a difference in size, pattern, variety, and motif.
In Gamelan Surakarta, four sizes of kendhang are used:
In Balinese Gamelan, there are two kendang:
Ganrang (Makassarese kendangs) can be divided to three types:
Among the Bugis Gendrang there are two types of playing techniques based on the position of the gendrang. if the gendrang is placed on the player's lap it is called mappalece gendrang. If the players are standing with the gendrangs tied with a shoulder strap it is called maggendrang tettong, this position are usually used for sacred ceremony, or for entertainment like beating of rice mortars or mappadendang. There are generally three types of beats pattern in gendrang playing:
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