Kamakura Period: Period of Japanese history
The Kamakura period (鎌倉時代, Kamakura jidai) is a time in the Japanese history from 1185 through 1333 in the history of Japan.
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This grouping of years is named after city of Kamakura which was the center of power of the Kamakura shogunate.
The government of shoguns which was functionally established in 1192 by Minamoto no Yoritomo.
The Kamakura period ended in 1333 with the destruction of the shogunate. Imperial rule was re-established under Emperor Go-Daigo.
Mongol Invasions of Japan (1274, 1281) also happened in this period.
Flourishing of Buddhism
Buddhism expanded during this period. A number of monks founded separate Buddhist sects, including
- • Hōnen, founder of the Jōdo shū sect
- • Shinran, disciple of Hōnen; founder of Jōdo Shinshū
- • Ippen, founder of the Ji sect
- • Dōgen, founder of the Sōtō school of Zen
- • Eisai, founder of the Rinzai school of Zen
- • Nichiren, founder of the sect of Buddhism named after him
The older Buddhist sects such as Shingon and Tendai continued to thrive.
Timeline
- 1185 (Genryaku 2, 24th day of the 3rd month): Taira clan (Heike) defeated at sea by Minamoto Yoshitsune
- 1191 (Kenkyū 2): Esai establishes Zen in Japan
- 1192 (Kenkyū 3): Minamoto Yoritomo appointed as shogun
- 1207 (Ken'ei 1): Hōnen and his followers are exiled
- 1221 (Jōkyū 3): In the Jōkyū War (承久の乱, jōkyū no ran), Emperor Go-Toba tried to take power from the Kamakura shogunate. The effort did not succeed.
- 1252 (Kenchō 2): Great Buddha of Kamakura was put in place at Kōtoku-in.
- November 19, 1274 (Bun'ei 11, 20th day of the 10th month): Kublai Khan sent a fleet and an army to invade Japan; Battle of Bun'ei (文永の役, Bun'ei no eki) or the "Bun'ei War".
- 1281 (Kōan 4): Battle of Kōan (弘安の役, Kōan no eki) or the "Kōan War".
- 1293 (Einin 1): Disastrous earthquake and tsunami hit Sagami Bay and Kamakura, killing 23,034 people.
- 1333 (Genkō 3): Nitta Yoshisada destroys the Kamakura shogunate in the Siege of Kamakura (鎌倉の戦い).
Gallery
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Dai Butsu of Kamakura. Hand-coloured image by Adolfo Farsari, between 1885 and 1890—see 1252 above -
Painting scrolls on the Mongol invasions by Fukuda Taika, 1846 —see 1274 and 1281 above
Related pages
References
Other websites
- Metropolitan Museum of Art, Kamakura and Nanbokucho Periods (1185–1392)
- British Museum, Kamakura period (AD 1185-1333) Archived 2011-08-02 at the Wayback Machine
- Japan-guide.com, Kamakura Period (1192 - 1333)
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