Carl Jung: Swiss psychiatrist and psychotherapist (1875–1961)

He created many theories and ideas that are still used in psychology today. Psychology is the science of how people think and feel. His kind of psychology was called analytical psychology or Jungian Analysis.

Carl Jung
Jung c. 1935
Born	Karl Gustav Jung (1875-07-26)26 July 1875 Kesswil, Thurgau, Switzerland
Died	6 June 1961(1961-06-06) (aged 85) Küsnacht, Zürich, Switzerland
Alma mater	University of Basel
Known for	Analytical psychology Psychological types Collective unconscious Complex Archetypes Anima and animus Synchronicity Shadow Introversion and extraversion
Spouse(s)	Emma Rauschenbach (m. 1903; died 1955)
Children	5
Awards	Honorary doctorates from Clark University Fordham University Harvard University University of Allahabad University of Benares University of Calcutta University of Oxford University of Geneva Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich Honorary Member of the Royal Society of Medicine
Scientific career
Fields	Psychiatry psychology
Institutions	Burghölzli, Swiss Army (commissioned officer in World War I)
Doctoral advisor	Eugen Bleuler
Influences	Bleuler Carus Flournoy Freud Goethe Hartmann Heraclitus James Janet Kant Laozi Meister Eckhart Moltzer Nietzsche Schiller Schopenhauer
Influenced	Gaston Bachelard Joseph Campbell Philip K. Dick Freud Hermann Hesse James Hillman Terence McKenna Erich Neumann Ross Nichols Wolfgang Pauli Jordan Peterson Jean Piaget Carl Rogers Sonu Shamdasani Alan Watts Robert Anton Wilson
Signature

Jung worked for about seven years with Sigmund Freud early in his career, but they argued over a theory and from 1913 went their separate ways. This was because they disagreed about what motivated people and how to understand psychology.

Jung is famous for many things that he did for psychology. The work he did was important for measuring what kind of personality people have. The test called the Myers Briggs Type Indicator is based on his ideas. He is also famous because of his ideas about the ancients - people from many years ago.

Jung spent his life learning from observation and read exceptionally widely subjects as different as philosophy, science, anthropology, religion, literature, art and historical books relating to alchemy and the occult. He thought he could learn important things about psychology from them. He investigated them to find out what symbols they contained and how ancient people tried to make sense of the world around them. Alchemy is considered a precursor of modern chemistry.

He wrote in academic German, for doctors, psychologists and many other educated people. Most people who study Jung start with the book Man and His Symbols. It was written by colleagues of Jung so that people would be able understand him. Another useful introduction to his work is his Biography, Memories, Dreams, Reflections, written mostly by his secretary, Mrs Aniela Jaffe, and to which he contributed three or four chapters.

Jung also created important terms called collective unconscious, archetypes, extraversion (outer world) and introversion (internal world).

Dr Jung inhaled smoking tobacco in pipes (as is shown in the photograph) and cigars. Tobacco is a dangerous addictive drug.

Carl Gustav Jung was born on 26 July 1875 in Kesswil, in the Swiss canton of Thurgau.

Jung died a widower in his mid-eighties in Kusnacht, Canton of Zurich Switzerland.

• The American rock band Tool was influenced by ideas of Jung for their album Ænima.
• The Lighthouse (2019) by American movie director Robert Eggers has many references to Jung.

• Jung, C. G. 1953. Psychiatric Studies. The Collected Works of C. G. Jung Vol. 1. 1953, ed. Michael Fordham, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, and Princeton, N.J.: Bollingen. This was the first of 18 volumes plus separate bibliography and index. Not including revisions the set was completed in 1967.

Jung's work also inspired modern psychiatrist Bernard D. Beitman on the subject of coincidences, including synchronicity and related topics in the field.