Thurgau: Canton of Switzerland

The population is 228,200 (2003). The capital is Frauenfeld.

Thurgau
Canton
Canton of Thurgau Kanton Thurgau  (German)
Flag Coat of arms
Location in Switzerland Map of Thurgau
Coordinates: 47°35′N 9°4′E / 47.583°N 9.067°E / 47.583; 9.067
Capital	Frauenfeld
Subdivisions	80 municipalities, 5 districts
Government
• Executive	Regierungsrat (5)
• Legislative	Grosser Rat (130)
Area
• Total	991.77 km2 (382.92 sq mi)
Population  (December 2020)
• Total	282,909
• Density	290/km2 (740/sq mi)
ISO 3166 code	CH-TG
Highest point	991 m (3,251 ft): Hohgrat
Lowest point	370 m (1,214 ft): Thur at the cantonal border in Neunforn
Joined	1803
Languages	German
Website	www.tg.ch

To the north of Thurgau is Lake Constance, across which are Germany and Austria. The river Rhine makes the border in the northwest. To the south is the Canton of St. Gallen; to the west are the cantons of Zürich and Schaffhausen.

The area of the canton is 991 km² and is usually divided into three hilly areas. One of these is along Lake Constance to the north. Another is inland between the rivers Thur and Murg. The third one makes the southern border of the canton and comes together with the Hörnli mountain in the pre-Alps.

In prehistoric times the lands of the canton were inhabited by people of the Pfyn culture along the lake. During Roman times the canton was part of the province Raetia until in 450 the lands were settled by the Alamanni. It was only in the 8th century that the canton became a political unit similar to what it is known today, as a Gau of the Frankish Empire. At the time, however, the area was not so clearly defined and changed frequently. Overall, the size of the Thurgau was larger, but during the Middle Ages the canton became smaller in size. The dukes of Zähringen and the counts of Kyburg took over much of the land. The town of Zürich was part of the Thurgau until it became reichsunmittelbar in 1218. When the Kyburg dynasty became extinct in 1264 the Habsburgs took over that land. The Swiss confederation allied with ten freed bailiwicks of the former Toggenburg seized the lands of the Thurgau from the Habsburgs in 1460, and it became subject territory of Zürich.

In 1798 the land became a canton for the first time as part of the Helvetic Republic. In 1803 the canton of Thurgau became a member of the Swiss confederation. The current cantonal constitution dates from 1987.

The canton of Thurgau is known for farm produce such as apples, pears, and other fruits and vegetables. The many orchards in the canton are used for the making of cider. Wine is produced in the Thur valley.

There is also industry in the canton of Thurgau. The main industries are printing, clothing and arts and crafts. Small and middle-sized businesses are important for the economy. Many of these are concentrated around the capital.

The population is mostly German speaking. Most of the population are Protestants with the rest being Roman Catholics.

The Canton of Thurgau is divided into eight districts, and each is named after its capital:

• Steckborn with capital Steckborn.
• Frauenfeld with capital Frauenfeld.
• Kreuzlingen with capital Kreuzlingen.
• Weinfelden with capital Weinfelden.
• Bischofszell with capital Bischofszell.
• Diessenhofen with capital Diessenhofen.
• Münchwilen with capital Münchwilen.
• Arbon with capital Arbon.

There are 80 municipalities in the canton (as of April 2004):