r

Template documentation

This template is used on approximately 27,000 pages and changes may be widely noticed. Test changes in the template's /sandbox or /testcases subpages, or in your own user subpage. Consider discussing changes on the talk page before implementing them.

Intent

{{r}} provides means for links to references to carry additional information (like pages, quotations and other commentary) in a condensed format, thereby eliminating the need for an additional article section for shortened references (and hence avoiding the problems related to that approach like the extra layer of indirection of links, the real-estate occupied for, as well as the amount of whitespace created by that section, and the often unreliable proprietary linking system with ambiguous or dangling links as well as lacking backlinks from the full citations to the shortened references). Its annotation system can be used to enrich the full citation with information given where a reference gets invoked, to bundle multiple citations into one entry, or to group sub-references under the corresponding full reference (i.e. to implement r-style shortened citations).

By utilizing the MediaWiki Extension:Cite internally (instead of establishing an independent linking system (i.e. WP:CITEREF) on top of it), {{r}} also remains fully compatible with other referencing systems and will take advantage of any future improvements of the underlying system.

It can be used with raw text definitions for the references as well as be combined with other citation templates (like CS1/CS2).

Overview

In its basic format the template provides a compact shorthand for citation tags, simplifying syntax so cutting code clutter.

It can also be used to define inline and/or list-defined references (LDR), including nested footnotes inside other footnotes (up to five levels deep). Citations can be provided as raw text citations or through other citation templates (such as the suite of CS1/CS2 citation templates).

Optionally, it allows to provide and display individual page numbers (or other in-source location information) and quotations (including language information and translations) from the source alongside the invocations of a reference (that is, the link to the reference). If the page numbers given are too unspecific for the quotation, an extra page number can optionally be given for the quotation only. The page number will be shown as superscript immediately following the reference link, the other related information is available as tooltip when hovering over that superscript. Plural page parameters have special support for lists and ranges, automatically converting hyphens to endashes—the accept-this-as-written markup to override the automatic conversion is supported as well.

The template allows the definition of reference annotation, which will be collected and appended to the end of the full citation defined earlier. This can be used to accumulate extra notes (including page numbers and quotes from the invocations), allows for citations defined at different locations to be bundled and residing under a single entry, or to group sub-references under the corresponding full reference.

The template parameters can take raw text information, but are also compatible with simple MediaWiki and HTML markup allowing for the usage of links and templates in template parameters. Such markup would be automatically stripped off for tooltip display, but passed on for other purposes (annotation system).

Custom link anchors can be enabled for the reference links as well as for reference definitions and various annotation, thereby allowing to smoothly blend in with other citation systems used on the same page, or to create sophisticated linking schemes with links to individual pieces of contents and backlinks to reference links (i.e. acting as shortened references).

The template allows to define and show a context section in the article prose to indicate which specific statements in the article are supported by the reference, if this isn't already obvious from where the reference link is positioned. The section can be divided into multiple pieces and can overlap with other sections defined for other references.

Missing page numbers can be indicated similar to {{Page needed}}.

For as long as the tooltip feature isn't occupied by the template to display quotations, the template will provide a tooltip by itself explaining the truncated page / location information attached to the link.

The template is compatible with the parameter names of most other citation templates, and it works for normal citations just as well as for any kinds of groups (i.e. for footnotes, including the predefined ones).

Bidirectional support (left-to-right, right-to-left) for citations is available if the corresponding CSS definitions are activated.

The template optimizes the visual kerning in the superscript and has configurable support for line wrapping after or within superscripts (with corresponding CSS).

The template is compatible with editing features such as the pipe trick and template substituting.

(The present implementation supports multiple citations, but this functionality may be moved to a wrapper like {{rr}} in the future in order to introduce a further simplified and more powerful calling convention to the core template {{r}}. For maximum future-compatibility, use {{rr}} when using enumerated parameters (to support multiple citations in one call) or use unnamed parameters.)

For example:

Using	`For example, fact and fact.` Displays as: For example, fact and fact.
Instead using `{{r}}`	`For example, fact{{r\|Bal\|Bam\|Bar}} and fact.{{r\|Bas\|Bay\|Baz}}` Displays as: For example, fact and fact.

{{r}} and can coexist on the same page, and like , {{r}} can be used with or without list-defined references. In addition, a |page= or |p= parameter adds the functionality of {{rp}}:

Using `{{r}}` with `\|p=` parameter	`For example, fact.{{r\|RefName\|p=22}}` Displays as: For example, fact.^: 22

Usage

In-source-location parameters

The specified page number(s) can be a single page number (287), a list of several pages (xii, 287, 292, 418) or a range of pages (287–288) or any combination thereof. Do not add "Page", "pp.", etc.—just the numbers.

Other in-source-location information can also be used for non-numeric pages, for example: "f. 29", "A7", and "back cover", etc., and can also be used for non-paginated sources, e.g., "0:35:12" for a video source.

Choose one of the template parameters above according to the type of page or in-source-location specified.

While typically only one of these three types of parameters is given, it is also possible to combine them to suit more special use cases. If both, singular and plural page parameters are given at the same time, the plural page info is assumed to be the span of the article, whereas the singular page info is considered to be the page within that span supporting the statement. The template will indicate this by framing the singular page in square brackets following the plural page info. If an in-source-location is given in addition to the page info, the template assumes it to further detail the preceding page info rather than representing some kind of stand-alone in-source location info.

Do not attempt to use multiple aliases of a parameter at the same time. Only one will be chosen and the others may be ignored without error message.

Inline invocation

Usage	Display	Notes
`{{r\|RefName}}`	Text.	Equivalent to `<ref name="RefName" />`.
`{{r\|RefName\|p=100}}` `{{r\|RefName\|page=100}}` `{{r\|RefName\|page=[[Hundred\|100]]}}` `{{r\|RefName\|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=S3JHAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA15 15]}}` `{{r\|RefName\|pp=100, 102}}` `{{r\|RefName\|pages=100, 102}}`	Text.^: 100 Text.^: 100 Text.^: 100 Text.^: 15 Text.^{: 100, 102} Text.^{: 100, 102}	Adds a page number (or other location identifier) within the source. Use `\|p=` or `\|page=` for singular pages, `\|pp=` or `\|pages=` for plural pages, and `\|at=` or `\|loc=` for other in-source-locations. If the article cites only one location in a given source, reduce clutter by coding simply `{{r\|RefName}}`and integrating the location into the main RefName citation.
`{{r\|RefName\|pages=10–14}}`(endash) `{{r\|RefName\|pages=10-14}}`(hyphen) `{{r\|RefName\|pages=2-14–2-16}}`(hyphens and endash) `{{r\|RefName\|pages=2-14-2-16}}`(hyphens) `{{r\|RefName\|pages=((2-14)), ((2-16))}}`(hyphens) `{{r\|RefName\|pp=3, 6}}` `{{r\|RefName\|at=§C}}` `{{r\|RefName\|at=Dust jacket}}` `{{r\|RefName\|at=para. 7}}`	Text.^: 10–14 Text.^: 10–14 Text.^{: 2-14–2-16} Text.^{: 2-14–2-16} Text.^{: 2-14, 2-16} Text.^: 3, 6 Text.^: §C Text.^{: Dust jacket} Text.^{: para. 7}
`{{r\|RefName\|Bam\|Bar}}`	Text.	Equivalent to `{{r\|RefName}}{{r\|Bam}}{{r\|Bar}}`or `<ref name=RefName/><ref name=Bam/><ref name=Bar/>`. Up to nine references may be "bundled" this way.
`{{r\|1=RefName\|2=Bam\|3=Bar\|4=Bas\|p1=100\|pp2=10–14\|at4=§C}}` `{{r\|1=RefName\|p1=100\|2=Bam\|pp2=10–14\|3=Bar\|4=Bas\|at4=§C}}` `{{r\|n1=RefName\|p1=100\|n2=Bam\|pp2=10–14\|n3=Bar\|n4=Bas\|at4=§C}}` `{{r \|name1=RefName \|page1=100 \|name2=Bam \|pages2=10–14 \|name3=Bar \|name4=Bas \|at4=§C}}`	Text.^: 100^: 10–14^: §C	Equivalent to `{{r\|RefName\|p=100}}{{r\|Bam\|pp=10–14}}{{r\|Bar}}{{r\|Bas\|at=§C}}`. In the example, not all references have pages; make sure that e.g. `\|1=` matches `\|p1=`
`{{r\|group=Notes\|NtName}}` `{{r\|grp=Notes\|NtName\|NtCam}}` `{{r\|g=Notes\|NtName\|p=13}}`	Text. Text. Text.^: 13	The `\|group=`, `\|grp=`, and `\|g=` parameters are equivalent and echo `<ref group=Notes name=NtName/>`. If present, the parameter applies to all references in the template.
`{{r\|RefName\|p=100\|q=quote from the text}}` `{{r\|RefName\|p=100\|quote=quote from the text}}` `{{r\|RefName\|p=100\|quote-page=100\|quote=quote from the text}}` `{{r\|RefName\|p=100\|quote-page=p\|quote=quote from the text}}` `{{r\|RefName\|p=101\|q=Palabras en español\|language=Spanish}}`	Text.^: 100 Text with a foreign-language quote supporting it.^: 101	Makes sense only if `\|p=` (or one of its synonyms) is present. `\|quote=` (or `\|q=`) underlines the superscript page number/location identifier, signaling availability of a quote from the source, which pops up when the mouse is hovered over the dashed underlined bit. `\|quote-page=` or `\|quote-pages=` can be used to optionally specify a specific page or number of pages for the quote only. If this number is the same as what's defined through `\|p=` or `\|pp=`, the special symbolic tokens "p" and "pp" can be used instead of an actual page number. Curved quotes are disfavored by MOS:STRAIGHT.
`{{r\|1=RefName\|2=Bam\|3=Bar\|4=Bas\|p1=100\|pp2=10–14\|at4=§C\|q1=Quote from 100\|q4=Quote from §C}}` `{{r\|n1=RefName\|n2=Bam\|n3=Bar\|n4=Bas\|p1=100\|pp2=10–14\|at4=§C\|q1=Quote from 100\|q4=Quote from §C}}`	Text.^: 100^: 10–14^: §C	In the example, not all references have quotes; make sure that e.g. `\|1=` and `\|p1=` and `\|q1=` all match.
`{{r \|n=RefName2 \|p=201 \|r=Harold Smith (1989). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 105, 201.}}` `{{r \|n=RefName3 \|r={{cite book \|author-first=Harold \|author-last=Smith \|date=2020 \|edition=2nd \|title=Proper Referencing \|publisher=Atlanta Press \|pages=321, 356}} }}`	More^: 201^: 321 good^: 356 prose.	Examples of inline definitions and nested footnotes.
`{{r \|n=RefName4 \|r=Citation A.}}` `{{r \|n=RefName4 \|a=Citation B.}}` `{{r \|n=RefName5 \|r=Citation C.}}` `{{r \|n=RefName5 \|p=102 \|a=Note for page 102.}}` `{{r \|n=RefName5 \|p=342 \|a=Note for page 342.}}` `{{r \|n=RefName5 \|p=346 \|qp=p \|q=Quote from page 346 \|a=q}}`	Two citations bundled into one entry, or one citation with accumulated^: 102 commentary^: 342^: 346 from shortened references.	Examples of annotation. If the annotation should be the page number defined through `\|p=` or what would be shown as quote in the tooltip, the special symbolic tokens "p" and "q" can be used with `\|annotation=` in order to avoid having to repeat this contents.
`{{r \|n=RefName6 \|r=Citation D.}}` `{{r \|n=RefName6 \|p=102 \|a=:p. 102: Note for page 102.}}` `{{r \|n=RefName6 \|p=342 \|a=:p. 342: Note for page 342.}}` `{{r \|n=RefName6 \|p=346 \|qp=p \|q=Quote from page 346 \|a=q \|leadin=:p. }}`	A citation with accumulated^: 102 commentary^: 342^: 346 using indentation in reference section and tooltip view.	Indentation in annotations. It can be achieved by adding `:` colons. If it is using for the quote parameter `\|q=`, it can be achieved by using `\|leadin=`.
`{{r \|n=RefName7 \|r=Citation E. \|s=Context7}}` `{{r \|n=RefName7 \|p=10 \|q=Quote E \|a=q \|s=Context7}}`	Context sections of the article supported by the reference can be defined through {{section}} (or other means, see: LST). The three parts of section "Context7" in this example are shown underlined for illustration purposes.^: 10	Note: For this example to work, you will have to view it on the non-transcluded page: Click here! {{R}} will display its "context" as "dotted underline" tooltip (to be distinguished from the "dashed underline" tooltip further up) when hovering the mouse over the reference link. Multiple sections of the same name will be shown merged (without separator, hence include some delimiter like space into the sections). Note the special syntax used to define sections (with empty `\|begin=` and `\|end=` attributes). Keep the size of the selected sections reasonably short and do not forget to define the end of a section. When no name was specified, names are build following this scheme for context sections: "`cite_sect-group-name-pagelocation`" (where group, name, page (either page or pages) and location refer to the corresponding template parameters and can be empty if omitted).

References section

The ref names may be defined within a {{reflist}} (as illustrated below) or (in the more usual way) scattered throughout the article text using e.g. Reference text or {{refn|name=RefName|Reference text}}.

===Notes=== {{reflist|group="Notes"|refs= <ref name="NtName">Note text.ref> <ref name="NtCam">Cam note text.ref> }}  ===References=== {{reflist|refs= <ref name="RefName">Reference text.ref> <ref name="Bam">Bam reference text.ref> <ref name="Bar">Bar reference text.ref> <ref name="Bas">Bas reference text.ref> <ref name="Bay">Bay reference text.ref> <ref name="Baz">Baz reference text.ref> }}

Resulting in:

Notes

References

Alternatively, the references can be defined through {{r}} itself:

===Notes=== {{reflist|group="NB"|refs= {{r|g=NB|NtName|r=Note text.}} {{r|g=NB|NtCam|r=Cam note text.}} }}  ===References=== {{reflist|refs= {{r|RefName|r=Reference text.}} {{r|Bam|r=Bam reference text.}} {{r|Bar|r=Bar reference text.}} {{r|Bas|r=Bas reference text.}} {{r|Bay|r=Bay reference text.}} {{r|Baz|r=Baz reference text.}} }}

Resulting in:

Notes

References

100

15

Usage	Display	Notes
`{{r\|RefName}}`	Text.	Equivalent to `<ref name="RefName" />`.
`{{r\|RefName\|p=100}}` `{{r\|RefName\|page=100}}` `{{r\|RefName\|page=[[Hundred\|100]]}}` `{{r\|RefName\|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=S3JHAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA15 15]}}` `{{r\|RefName\|pp=100, 102}}` `{{r\|RefName\|pages=100, 102}}`	Text.^: 100 Text.^: 100 Text.^: 100 Text.^: 15 Text.^{: 100, 102} Text.^{: 100, 102}	Adds a page number (or other location identifier) within the source. Use `\|p=` or `\|page=` for singular pages, `\|pp=` or `\|pages=` for plural pages, and `\|at=` or `\|loc=` for other in-source-locations. If the article cites only one location in a given source, reduce clutter by coding simply `{{r\|RefName}}`and integrating the location into the main RefName citation.
`{{r\|RefName\|pages=10–14}}`(endash) `{{r\|RefName\|pages=10-14}}`(hyphen) `{{r\|RefName\|pages=2-14–2-16}}`(hyphens and endash) `{{r\|RefName\|pages=2-14-2-16}}`(hyphens) `{{r\|RefName\|pages=((2-14)), ((2-16))}}`(hyphens) `{{r\|RefName\|pp=3, 6}}` `{{r\|RefName\|at=§C}}` `{{r\|RefName\|at=Dust jacket}}` `{{r\|RefName\|at=para. 7}}`	Text.^: 10–14 Text.^: 10–14 Text.^{: 2-14–2-16} Text.^{: 2-14–2-16} Text.^{: 2-14, 2-16} Text.^: 3, 6 Text.^: §C Text.^{: Dust jacket} Text.^{: para. 7}
`{{r\|RefName\|Bam\|Bar}}`	Text.	Equivalent to `{{r\|RefName}}{{r\|Bam}}{{r\|Bar}}`or `<ref name=RefName/><ref name=Bam/><ref name=Bar/>`. Up to nine references may be "bundled" this way.
`{{r\|1=RefName\|2=Bam\|3=Bar\|4=Bas\|p1=100\|pp2=10–14\|at4=§C}}` `{{r\|1=RefName\|p1=100\|2=Bam\|pp2=10–14\|3=Bar\|4=Bas\|at4=§C}}` `{{r\|n1=RefName\|p1=100\|n2=Bam\|pp2=10–14\|n3=Bar\|n4=Bas\|at4=§C}}` `{{r \|name1=RefName \|page1=100 \|name2=Bam \|pages2=10–14 \|name3=Bar \|name4=Bas \|at4=§C}}`	Text.^: 100^: 10–14^: §C	Equivalent to `{{r\|RefName\|p=100}}{{r\|Bam\|pp=10–14}}{{r\|Bar}}{{r\|Bas\|at=§C}}`. In the example, not all references have pages; make sure that e.g. `\|1=` matches `\|p1=`
`{{r\|group=Notes\|NtName}}` `{{r\|grp=Notes\|NtName\|NtCam}}` `{{r\|g=Notes\|NtName\|p=13}}`	Text. Text. Text.^: 13	The `\|group=`, `\|grp=`, and `\|g=` parameters are equivalent and echo `<ref group=Notes name=NtName/>`. If present, the parameter applies to all references in the template.
`{{r\|RefName\|p=100\|q=quote from the text}}` `{{r\|RefName\|p=100\|quote=quote from the text}}` `{{r\|RefName\|p=100\|quote-page=100\|quote=quote from the text}}` `{{r\|RefName\|p=100\|quote-page=p\|quote=quote from the text}}` `{{r\|RefName\|p=101\|q=Palabras en español\|language=Spanish}}`	Text.^: 100 Text with a foreign-language quote supporting it.^: 101	Makes sense only if `\|p=` (or one of its synonyms) is present. `\|quote=` (or `\|q=`) underlines the superscript page number/location identifier, signaling availability of a quote from the source, which pops up when the mouse is hovered over the dashed underlined bit. `\|quote-page=` or `\|quote-pages=` can be used to optionally specify a specific page or number of pages for the quote only. If this number is the same as what's defined through `\|p=` or `\|pp=`, the special symbolic tokens "p" and "pp" can be used instead of an actual page number. Curved quotes are disfavored by MOS:STRAIGHT.
`{{r\|1=RefName\|2=Bam\|3=Bar\|4=Bas\|p1=100\|pp2=10–14\|at4=§C\|q1=Quote from 100\|q4=Quote from §C}}` `{{r\|n1=RefName\|n2=Bam\|n3=Bar\|n4=Bas\|p1=100\|pp2=10–14\|at4=§C\|q1=Quote from 100\|q4=Quote from §C}}`	Text.^: 100^: 10–14^: §C	In the example, not all references have quotes; make sure that e.g. `\|1=` and `\|p1=` and `\|q1=` all match.
`{{r \|n=RefName2 \|p=201 \|r=Harold Smith (1989). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 105, 201.}}` `{{r \|n=RefName3 \|r={{cite book \|author-first=Harold \|author-last=Smith \|date=2020 \|edition=2nd \|title=Proper Referencing \|publisher=Atlanta Press \|pages=321, 356}} }}`	More^: 201^: 321 good^: 356 prose.	Examples of inline definitions and nested footnotes.
`{{r \|n=RefName4 \|r=Citation A.}}` `{{r \|n=RefName4 \|a=Citation B.}}` `{{r \|n=RefName5 \|r=Citation C.}}` `{{r \|n=RefName5 \|p=102 \|a=Note for page 102.}}` `{{r \|n=RefName5 \|p=342 \|a=Note for page 342.}}` `{{r \|n=RefName5 \|p=346 \|qp=p \|q=Quote from page 346 \|a=q}}`	Two citations bundled into one entry, or one citation with accumulated^: 102 commentary^: 342^: 346 from shortened references.	Examples of annotation. If the annotation should be the page number defined through `\|p=` or what would be shown as quote in the tooltip, the special symbolic tokens "p" and "q" can be used with `\|annotation=` in order to avoid having to repeat this contents.
`{{r \|n=RefName6 \|r=Citation D.}}` `{{r \|n=RefName6 \|p=102 \|a=:p. 102: Note for page 102.}}` `{{r \|n=RefName6 \|p=342 \|a=:p. 342: Note for page 342.}}` `{{r \|n=RefName6 \|p=346 \|qp=p \|q=Quote from page 346 \|a=q \|leadin=:p. }}`	A citation with accumulated^: 102 commentary^: 342^: 346 using indentation in reference section and tooltip view.	Indentation in annotations. It can be achieved by adding `:` colons. If it is using for the quote parameter `\|q=`, it can be achieved by using `\|leadin=`.
`{{r \|n=RefName7 \|r=Citation E. \|s=Context7}}` `{{r \|n=RefName7 \|p=10 \|q=Quote E \|a=q \|s=Context7}}`	Context sections of the article supported by the reference can be defined through {{section}} (or other means, see: LST). The three parts of section "Context7" in this example are shown underlined for illustration purposes.^: 10	Note: For this example to work, you will have to view it on the non-transcluded page: Click here! {{R}} will display its "context" as "dotted underline" tooltip (to be distinguished from the "dashed underline" tooltip further up) when hovering the mouse over the reference link. Multiple sections of the same name will be shown merged (without separator, hence include some delimiter like space into the sections). Note the special syntax used to define sections (with empty `\|begin=` and `\|end=` attributes). Keep the size of the selected sections reasonably short and do not forget to define the end of a section. When no name was specified, names are build following this scheme for context sections: "`cite_sect-group-name-pagelocation`" (where group, name, page (either page or pages) and location refer to the corresponding template parameters and can be empty if omitted).

Parameter		Description	Type	Status
Reference group	`group` `grp` `g`	The reference group of all the references displayed; see WP:REFGROUP for help. Default Defaults to not being in a group.	String	suggested
Reference name 1	`name` `n` `name1` `n1` `1`	If this is "RefName", the template displays.	String	required
Page number: reference 1	`page` `p` `page1` `p1` `1p`	Adds a page number within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if singular page is given. Example "2"	Content	suggested
Pages numbers: reference 1	`pages` `pp` `pages1` `pp1` `1pp`	Adds page numbers within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given. Example "34–38"	Content	suggested
In-source location: reference 1	`location` `location1` `loc` `loc1` `1loc` `at` `at1`	Adds other location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural page info is given. Example "inside cover"	Content	suggested
Page needed: Reason 1	`needed-reason` `needed` `reason` `needed-reason1` `needed1`	Only required if page/location info is missing. Default Defaults to no page/location info missing. Example Actual reason, yes, y	String	optional
Quote: reference 1	`quote` `q` `quote1` `q1`	A quote from the source. Appears when hovering over the page number, so the page number must be specified.	String	suggested
Quote page: reference 1	`quote-page` `qp` `quote-page1` `qp1`	A quote page from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page number. Special token p to use page1. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.	Content	optional
Quote pages: reference 1	`quote-pages` `qpp` `quote-pages1` `qpp1`	A quote pages from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page numbers. Special token pp to use pages1. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.	Content	optional
Quote in-source location: reference 1	`quote-location` `quote-location1` `quote-loc` `quote-loc1` `quote-at` `quote-at1`	Adds other quote location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural quote page info is given. Example "inside cover"	Content	suggested
Quote language: reference 1	`language` `language1` `lang` `lang1` `l` `l1` `quote-language` `quote-lang` `ql` `quote-language1` `quote-lang1` `ql1`	A language code or name defining the language of the quote (if not English).	Content	optional
Quote translation: reference 1	`translation` `translation1` `trans` `trans1` `t` `t1` `trans-quote` `trans-quote1` `tq` `tq1` `xlat` `xlat1`	An optional English translation of a non-English quote.	String	optional
Reference definition 1	`reference` `r` `references` `notes` `note` `content` `text` `refn` `refs` `reference1` `refn1` `r1`	Adds the definition of a citation. This can be used inline or in list-defined reference sections. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Example Harold Smith (2020). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 201.	String	suggested
Reference annotation 1	`annotation` `annot` `a` `annotation1` `annot1` `a1`	Adds extra text to the end of a reference defined elsewhere, including backlinks to the reference invocation. Can be used to collect various commentary to be displayed with the citation. Can also be used to define another citation if multiple citations should reside under the same entry. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Special token p to use page1 and q to use quote1. Example Note 1	String	optional
Direction: Reference 1	`direction` `dir` `direction1` `dir1`	Override default left-to-right or right-to-left behaviour. (Requires special CSS support for classes mw-cite-dir-rtl and mw-cite-dir-ltr.) Example ltr, rtl	Content	optional
Section: Reference 1	`section` `sec` `s` `section1` `sec1` `s1`	Shows a tooltip indicating corresponding context section in an article, if defined. Multiple sections of the same name and overlapping sections are allowed. Default If yes is given, the section name is derived from the given group, name and page info automatically. Example ContextSection1, yes, y	String	optional
Content anchor: reference 1	`id` `id1` `ref` `ref1` `1ref`	Optional anchor name of a reference or annotation (including page numbers or quotes) in order to link to it. This is used for the id attribute of the corresponding span framing the content object and must be unique on the page. Example CITEREFSmith2020	String	optional
Link anchor: reference 1	`link-id` `link-id1`	Optional link anchor name of a reference link in order to (back)link to the reference link. This is used for the id attribute of the link span and must be unique on the page. Example Smith2020Page12	String	optional
Quote origin: reference 1	`quote-cite` `qc` `quote-cite1` `qc1`	Anchor name (only the URL fragment) of a reference the quote belongs to, if defined on the same page. This is used for the cite attribute of the quote and establishes a semantic connection to its source. Example CITEREFSmith2020	String	optional
Reference name 2	`name2` `n2` `2`	If this is "RefName", the template displays.	String	optional
Page number: reference 2	`page2` `p2` `2p`	Adds a page number within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if singular page info is given. Example "2"	Content	optional
Pages numbers: reference 2	`pages2` `pp2` `2pp`	Adds page numbers within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if plural page info is given. Example "34–38"	Content	optional
In-source-location: reference 2	`location2` `loc2` `2loc` `at2`	Adds other location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location info is given. Example "inside cover"	Content	optional
Page needed: Reason 2	`needed-reason2` `needed2`	Only required if page/location info is missing. Default Defaults to no page/location info missing. Example Actual reason, yes, y	String	optional
Quote: reference 2	`quote2` `q2`	A quote from the source. Appears when hovering over the page number, so the page number must be specified.	String	optional
Quote page: reference 2	`quote-page2` `qp2`	A quote page from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page number. Special token p to use page2. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.	Content	optional
Quote pages: reference 2	`quote-pages2` `qpp2`	A quote pages from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page numbers. Special token pp to use pages2. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.	Content	optional
Quote in-source location: reference 2	`quote-location2` `quote-loc2` `quote-at2`	Adds other quote location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural quote page info is given. Example "inside cover"	Content	suggested
Quote language: reference 2	`language2` `lang2` `l2` `quote-language2` `quote-lang2` `ql2`	A language code or name defining the language of the quote (if not English).	Content	optional
Quote translation: reference 2	`translation2` `trans2` `t2` `trans-quote2` `tq2` `xlat2`	An optional English translation of a non-English quote.	String	optional
Reference definition 2	`reference2` `refn2` `r2`	Adds the definition of a citation. This can be used inline or in list-defined reference sections. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Example Harold Smith (2020). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 201.	String	optional
Reference annotation 2	`annotation2` `annot2` `a2`	Adds extra text to the end of a reference defined elsewhere, including backlinks to the reference invocation. Can be used to collect various commentary to be displayed with the citation. Can also be used to define another citation if multiple citations should reside under the same entry. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Special token p to use page2 and q to use quote2. Example Note 2	String	optional
Direction: Reference 2	`direction2` `dir2`	Override default left-to-right or right-to-left behaviour. (Requires special CSS support for classes mw-cite-dir-rtl and mw-cite-dir-ltr.) Example ltr, rtl	Content	optional
Section: Reference 2	`section2` `sec2` `s2`	Shows a tooltip indicating corresponding context section in an article, if defined. Multiple sections of the same name and overlapping sections are allowed. Default If yes is given, the section name is derived from the given group, name and page info automatically. Example ContextSection2, yes, y	String	optional
Content anchor: reference 2	`id2` `ref2` `2ref`	Optional anchor name of a reference or annotation (including page numbers or quotes) in order to link to it. This is used for the id attribute of the corresponding span framing the content object and must be unique on the page. Example CITEREFSmith2020	String	optional
Link anchor: reference 2	`link-id2`	Optional link anchor name of a reference link in order to (back)link to the reference link. This is used for the id attribute of the link span and must be unique on the page. Example Smith2020Page12	String	optional
Quote origin: reference 2	`quote-cite2` `qc2`	Anchor name (only the URL fragment) of a reference the quote belongs to, if defined on the same page. This is used for the cite attribute of the quote and establishes a semantic connection to its source. Example CITEREFSmith2020	String	optional
Reference name 3	`name3` `n3` `3`	If this is "RefName", the template displays.	String	optional
Page number: reference 3	`page3` `p3` `3p`	Adds a page number within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if singular page info is given. Example "2"	Content	optional
Pages numbers: reference 3	`pages3` `pp3` `3pp`	Adds page numbers within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if plural page info is given. Example "34–38"	Content	optional
In-source-location: reference 3	`location3` `loc3` `3loc` `at3`	Adds other location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location info is given. Example "inside cover"	Content	optional
Page needed: Reason 3	`needed-reason3` `needed3`	Only required if page/location info is missing. Default Defaults to no page/location info missing. Example Actual reason, yes, y	String	optional
Quote: reference 3	`quote3` `q3`	A quote from the source. Appears when hovering over the page number, so the page number must be specified.	String	optional
Quote page: reference 3	`quote-page3` `qp3`	A quote page from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page number. Special token p to use page3. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.	Content	optional
Quote pages: reference 3	`quote-pages3` `qpp3`	A quote pages from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page numbers. Special token pp to use pages3. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.	Content	optional
Quote in-source location: reference 3	`quote-location3` `quote-loc3` `quote-at3`	Adds other quote location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural quote page info is given. Example "inside cover"	Content	suggested
Quote language: reference 3	`language3` `lang3` `l3` `quote-language3` `quote-lang3` `ql3`	A language code or name defining the language of the quote (if not English).	Content	optional
Quote translation: reference 3	`translation3` `trans3` `t3` `trans-quote3` `tq3` `xlat3`	An optional English translation of a non-English quote.	String	optional
Reference definition 3	`reference3` `refn3` `r3`	Adds the definition of a citation. This can be used inline or in list-defined reference sections. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Example Harold Smith (2020). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 201.	String	optional
Reference annotation 3	`annotation3` `annot3` `a3`	Adds extra text to the end of a reference defined elsewhere, including backlinks to the reference invocation. Can be used to collect various commentary to be displayed with the citation. Can also be used to define another citation if multiple citations should reside under the same entry. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Special token p to use page3 and q to use quote3. Example Note 3	String	optional
Direction: Reference 3	`direction3` `dir3`	Override default left-to-right or right-to-left behaviour. (Requires special CSS support for classes mw-cite-dir-rtl and mw-cite-dir-ltr.) Example ltr, rtl	Content	optional
Section: Reference 3	`section3` `sec3` `s3`	Shows a tooltip indicating corresponding context section in an article, if defined. Multiple sections of the same name and overlapping sections are allowed. Default If yes is given, the section name is derived from the given group, name and page info automatically. Example ContextSection3, yes, y	String	optional
Content anchor: reference 3	`id3` `ref3` `3ref`	Optional anchor name of a reference or annotation (including page numbers or quotes) in order to link to it. This is used for the id attribute of the corresponding span framing the content object and must be unique on the page. Example CITEREFSmith2020	String	optional
Link anchor: reference 3	`link-id3`	Optional link anchor name of a reference link in order to (back)link to the reference link. This is used for the id attribute of the link span and must be unique on the page. Example Smith2020Page12	String	optional
Quote origin: reference 3	`quote-cite3` `qc3`	Anchor name (only the URL fragment) of a reference the quote belongs to, if defined on the same page. This is used for the cite attribute of the quote and establishes a semantic connection to its source. Example CITEREFSmith2020	String	optional
Reference name 4	`name4` `n4` `4`	If this is "RefName", the template displays.	String	optional
Page number: reference 4	`page4` `p4` `4p`	Adds a page number within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if singular page info is given. Example "2"	Content	optional
Pages numbers: reference 4	`pages4` `pp4` `4pp`	Adds page numbers within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if plural page info is given. Example "34–38"	Content	optional
In-source-location: reference 4	`location4` `loc4` `4loc` `at4`	Adds other location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location info is given. Example "inside cover"	Content	optional
Page needed: Reason 4	`needed-reason4` `needed4`	Only required if page/location info is missing. Default Defaults to no page/location info missing. Example Actual reason, yes, y	String	optional
Quote: reference 4	`quote4` `q4`	A quote from the source. Appears when hovering over the page number, so the page number must be specified.	String	optional
Quote page: reference 4	`quote-page4` `qp4`	A quote page from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page number. Special token p to use page4. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.	Content	optional
Quote pages: reference 4	`quote-pages4` `qpp4`	A quote pages from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page numbers. Special token pp to use pages4. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.	Content	optional
Quote in-source location: reference 4	`quote-location4` `quote-loc4` `quote-at4`	Adds other quote location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural quote page info is given. Example "inside cover"	Content	suggested
Quote language: reference 4	`language4` `lang4` `l4` `quote-language4` `quote-lang4` `ql4`	A language code or name defining the language of the quote (if not English).	Content	optional
Quote translation: reference 4	`translation4` `trans4` `t4` `trans-quote4` `tq4` `xlat4`	An optional English translation of a non-English quote.	String	optional
Reference definition 4	`reference4` `refn4` `r4`	Adds the definition of a citation. This can be used inline or in list-defined reference sections. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Example Harold Smith (2020). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 201.	String	optional
Reference annotation 4	`annotation4` `annot4` `a4`	Adds extra text to the end of a reference defined elsewhere, including backlinks to the reference invocation. Can be used to collect various commentary to be displayed with the citation. Can also be used to define another citation if multiple citations should reside under the same entry. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Special token p to use page4 and q to use quote4. Example Note 4	String	optional
Direction: Reference 4	`direction4` `dir4`	Override default left-to-right or right-to-left behaviour. (Requires special CSS support for classes mw-cite-dir-rtl and mw-cite-dir-ltr.) Example ltr, rtl	Content	optional
Section: Reference 4	`section4` `sec4` `s4`	Shows a tooltip indicating corresponding context section in an article, if defined. Multiple sections of the same name and overlapping sections are allowed. Default If yes is given, the section name is derived from the given group, name and page info automatically. Example ContextSection4, yes, y	String	optional
Content anchor: reference 4	`id4` `ref4` `4ref`	Optional anchor name of a reference or annotation (including page numbers or quotes) in order to link to it. This is used for the id attribute of the corresponding span framing the content object and must be unique on the page. Example CITEREFSmith2020	String	optional
Link anchor: reference 4	`link-id4`	Optional link anchor name of a reference link in order to (back)link to the reference link. This is used for the id attribute of the link span and must be unique on the page. Example Smith2020Page12	String	optional
Quote origin: reference 4	`quote-cite4` `qc4`	Anchor name (only the URL fragment) of a reference the quote belongs to, if defined on the same page. This is used for the cite attribute of the quote and establishes a semantic connection to its source. Example CITEREFSmith2020	String	optional
Reference name 5	`name5` `n5` `5`	If this is "RefName", the template displays.	String	optional
Page number: reference 5	`page5` `p5` `5p`	Adds a page number within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if singular page info is given. Example "2"	Content	optional
Pages numbers: reference 5	`pages5` `pp5` `5pp`	Adds page numbers within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if plural page info is given. Example "34–38"	Content	optional
In-source-location: reference 5	`location5` `loc5` `5loc` `at5`	Adds other location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location info is given. Example "inside cover"	Content	optional
Page needed: Reason 5	`needed-reason5` `needed5`	Only required if page/location info is missing. Default Defaults to no page/location info missing. Example Actual reason, yes, y	String	optional
Quote: reference 5	`quote5` `q5`	A quote from the source. Appears when hovering over the page number, so the page number must be specified.	String	optional
Quote page: reference 5	`quote-page5` `qp5`	A quote page from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page number. Special token p to use page5. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.	Content	optional
Quote pages: reference 5	`quote-pages5` `qpp5`	A quote pages from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page numbers. Special token pp to use pages5. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.	Content	optional
Quote in-source location: reference 5	`quote-location5` `quote-loc5` `quote-at5`	Adds other quote location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural quote page info is given. Example "inside cover"	Content	suggested
Quote language: reference 5	`language5` `lang5` `l5` `quote-language5` `quote-lang5` `ql5`	A language code or name defining the language of the quote (if not English).	Content	optional
Quote translation: reference 5	`translation5` `trans5` `t5` `trans-quote5` `tq5` `xlat5`	An optional English translation of a non-English quote.	String	optional
Reference definition 5	`reference5` `refn5` `r5`	Adds the definition of a citation. This can be used inline or in list-defined reference sections. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Example Harold Smith (2020). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 201.	String	optional
Reference annotation 5	`annotation5` `annot5` `a5`	Adds extra text to the end of a reference defined elsewhere, including backlinks to the reference invocation. Can be used to collect various commentary to be displayed with the citation. Can also be used to define another citation if multiple citations should reside under the same entry. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Special token p to use page5 and q to use quote5. Example Note 5	String	optional
Direction: Reference 5	`direction5` `dir5`	Override default left-to-right or right-to-left behaviour. (Requires special CSS support for classes mw-cite-dir-rtl and mw-cite-dir-ltr.) Example ltr, rtl	Content	optional
Section: Reference 5	`section5` `sec5` `s5`	Shows a tooltip indicating corresponding context section in an article, if defined. Multiple sections of the same name and overlapping sections are allowed. Default If yes is given, the section name is derived from the given group, name and page info automatically. Example ContextSection5, yes, y	String	optional
Content anchor: reference 5	`id5` `ref5` `5ref`	Optional anchor name of a reference or annotation (including page numbers or quotes) in order to link to it. This is used for the id attribute of the corresponding span framing the content object and must be unique on the page. Example CITEREFSmith2020	String	optional
Link anchor: reference 5	`link-id5`	Optional link anchor name of a reference link in order to (back)link to the reference link. This is used for the id attribute of the link span and must be unique on the page. Example Smith2020Page12	String	optional
Quote origin: reference 5	`quote-cite5` `qc5`	Anchor name (only the URL fragment) of a reference the quote belongs to, if defined on the same page. This is used for the cite attribute of the quote and establishes a semantic connection to its source. Example CITEREFSmith2020	String	optional
Reference name 6	`name6` `n6` `6`	If this is "RefName", the template displays.	String	optional
Page number: reference 6	`page6` `p6` `6p`	Adds a page number within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if singular page info is given. Example "2"	Content	optional
Pages numbers: reference 6	`pages6` `pp6` `6pp`	Adds page numbers within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if plural page info is given. Example "34–38"	Content	optional
In-source-location: reference 6	`location6` `loc6` `6loc` `at6`	Adds other location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location info is given. Example "inside cover"	Content	optional
Page needed: Reason 6	`needed-reason6` `needed6`	Only required if page/location info is missing. Default Defaults to no page/location info missing. Example Actual reason, yes, y	String	optional
Quote: reference 6	`quote6` `q6`	A quote from the source. Appears when hovering over the page number, so the page number must be specified.	String	optional
Quote page: reference 6	`quote-page6` `qp6`	A quote page from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page number. Special token p to use page6. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.	Content	optional
Quote pages: reference 6	`quote-pages6` `qpp6`	A quote pages from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page numbers. Special token pp to use pages6. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.	Content	optional
Quote in-source location: reference 6	`quote-location6` `quote-loc6` `quote-at6`	Adds other quote location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural quote page info is given. Example "inside cover"	Content	suggested
Quote language: reference 6	`language6` `lang6` `l6` `quote-language6` `quote-lang6` `ql6`	A language code or name defining the language of the quote (if not English).	Content	optional
Quote translation: reference 6	`translation6` `trans6` `t6` `trans-quote6` `tq6` `xlat6`	An optional English translation of a non-English quote.	String	optional
Reference definition 6	`reference6` `refn6` `r6`	Adds the definition of a citation. This can be used inline or in list-defined reference sections. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Example Harold Smith (2020). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 201.	String	optional
Reference annotation 6	`annotation6` `annot6` `a6`	Adds extra text to the end of a reference defined elsewhere, including backlinks to the reference invocation. Can be used to collect various commentary to be displayed with the citation. Can also be used to define another citation if multiple citations should reside under the same entry. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Special token p to use page6 and q to use quote6. Example Note 6	String	optional
Direction: Reference 6	`direction6` `dir6`	Override default left-to-right or right-to-left behaviour. (Requires special CSS support for classes mw-cite-dir-rtl and mw-cite-dir-ltr.) Example ltr, rtl	Content	optional
Section: Reference 6	`section6` `sec6` `s6`	Shows a tooltip indicating corresponding context section in an article, if defined. Multiple sections of the same name and overlapping sections are allowed. Default If yes is given, the section name is derived from the given group, name and page info automatically. Example ContextSection6, yes, y	String	optional
Content anchor: reference 6	`id6` `ref6` `6ref`	Optional anchor name of a reference or annotation (including page numbers or quotes) in order to link to it. This is used for the id attribute of the corresponding span framing the content object and must be unique on the page. Example CITEREFSmith2020	String	optional
Link anchor: reference 6	`link-id6`	Optional link anchor name of a reference link in order to (back)link to the reference link. This is used for the id attribute of the link span and must be unique on the page. Example Smith2020Page12	String	optional
Quote origin: reference 6	`quote-cite6` `qc6`	Anchor name (only the URL fragment) of a reference the quote belongs to, if defined on the same page. This is used for the cite attribute of the quote and establishes a semantic connection to its source. Example CITEREFSmith2020	String	optional
Reference name 7	`name7` `n7` `7`	If this is "RefName", the template displays.	String	optional
Page number: reference 7	`page7` `p7` `7p`	Adds a page number within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if singular page info is given. Example "2"	Content	optional
Pages numbers: reference 7	`pages7` `pp7` `7pp`	Adds page numbers within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if plural page info is given. Example "34–38"	Content	optional
In-source-location: reference 7	`location7` `loc7` `7loc` `at7`	Adds other location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location info is given. Example "inside cover"	Content	optional
Page needed: Reason 7	`needed-reason7` `needed7`	Only required if page/location info is missing. Default Defaults to no page/location info missing. Example Actual reason, yes, y	String	optional
Quote: reference 7	`quote7` `q7`	A quote from the source. Appears when hovering over the page number, so the page number must be specified.	String	optional
Quote page: reference 7	`quote-page7` `qp7`	A quote page from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page number. Special token p to use page7. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.	Content	optional
Quote pages: reference 7	`quote-pages7` `qpp7`	A quote pages from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page numbers. Special token pp to use pages7. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.	Content	optional
Quote in-source location: reference 7	`quote-location7` `quote-loc7` `quote-at7`	Adds other quote location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural quote page info is given. Example "inside cover"	Content	suggested
Quote language: reference 7	`language7` `lang7` `l7` `quote-language7` `quote-lang7` `ql7`	A language code or name defining the language of the quote (if not English).	Content	optional
Quote translation: reference 7	`translation7` `trans7` `t7` `trans-quote7` `tq7` `xlat7`	An optional English translation of a non-English quote.	String	optional
Reference definition 7	`reference7` `refn7` `r7`	Adds the definition of a citation. This can be used inline or in list-defined reference sections. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Example Harold Smith (2020). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 201.	String	optional
Reference annotation 7	`annotation7` `annot7` `a7`	Adds extra text to the end of a reference defined elsewhere, including backlinks to the reference invocation. Can be used to collect various commentary to be displayed with the citation. Can also be used to define another citation if multiple citations should reside under the same entry. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Special token p to use page7 and q to use quote7. Example Note 7	String	optional
Direction: Reference 7	`direction7` `dir7`	Override default left-to-right or right-to-left behaviour. (Requires special CSS support for classes mw-cite-dir-rtl and mw-cite-dir-ltr.) Example ltr, rtl	Content	optional
Section: Reference 7	`section7` `sec7` `s7`	Shows a tooltip indicating corresponding context section in an article, if defined. Multiple sections of the same name and overlapping sections are allowed. Default If yes is given, the section name is derived from the given group, name and page info automatically. Example ContextSection7, yes, y	String	optional
Content anchor: reference 7	`id7` `ref7` `7ref`	Optional anchor name of a reference or annotation (including page numbers or quotes) in order to link to it. This is used for the id attribute of the corresponding span framing the content object and must be unique on the page. Example CITEREFSmith2020	String	optional
Link anchor: reference 7	`link-id7`	Optional link anchor name of a reference link in order to (back)link to the reference link. This is used for the id attribute of the link span and must be unique on the page. Example Smith2020Page12	String	optional
Quote origin: reference 7	`quote-cite7` `qc7`	Anchor name (only the URL fragment) of a reference the quote belongs to, if defined on the same page. This is used for the cite attribute of the quote and establishes a semantic connection to its source. Example CITEREFSmith2020	String	optional
Reference name 8	`name8` `n8` `8`	If this is "RefName", the template displays.	String	optional
Page number: reference 8	`page8` `p8` `8p`	Adds a page number within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if singular page info is given. Example "2"	Content	optional
Pages numbers: reference 8	`pages8` `pp8` `8pp`	Adds page numbers within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if plural page info is given. Example "34–38"	Content	optional
In-source-location: reference 8	`location8` `loc8` `8loc` `at8`	Adds other location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location info is given. Example "inside cover"	Content	optional
Page needed: Reason 8	`needed-reason8` `needed8`	Only required if page/location info is missing. Default Defaults to no page/location info missing. Example Actual reason, yes, y	String	optional
Quote: reference 8	`quote8` `q8`	A quote from the source. Appears when hovering over the page number, so the page number must be specified.	String	optional
Quote page: reference 8	`quote-page8` `qp8`	A quote page from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page number. Special token p to use page8. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.	Content	optional
Quote pages: reference 8	`quote-pages8` `qpp8`	A quote pages from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page numbers. Special token pp to use pages8. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.	Content	optional
Quote in-source location: reference 8	`quote-location8` `quote-loc8` `quote-at8`	Adds other quote location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural quote page info is given. Example "inside cover"	Content	suggested
Quote language: reference 8	`language8` `lang8` `l8` `quote-language8` `quote-lang8` `ql8`	A language code or name defining the language of the quote (if not English).	Content	optional
Quote translation: reference 8	`translation8` `trans8` `t8` `trans-quote8` `tq8` `xlat8`	An optional English translation of a non-English quote.	String	optional
Reference definition 8	`reference8` `refn8` `r8`	Adds the definition of a citation. This can be used inline or in list-defined reference sections. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Example Harold Smith (2020). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 201.	String	optional
Reference annotation 8	`annotation8` `annot8` `a8`	Adds extra text to the end of a reference defined elsewhere, including backlinks to the reference invocation. Can be used to collect various commentary to be displayed with the citation. Can also be used to define another citation if multiple citations should reside under the same entry. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Special token p to use page8 and q to use quote8. Example Note 8	String	optional
Direction: Reference 8	`direction8` `dir8`	Override default left-to-right or right-to-left behaviour. (Requires special CSS support for classes mw-cite-dir-rtl and mw-cite-dir-ltr.) Example ltr, rtl	Content	optional
Section: Reference 8	`section8` `sec8` `s8`	Shows a tooltip indicating corresponding context section in an article, if defined. Multiple sections of the same name and overlapping sections are allowed. Default If yes is given, the section name is derived from the given group, name and page info automatically. Example ContextSection8, yes, y	String	optional
Content anchor: reference 8	`id8` `ref8` `8ref`	Optional anchor name of a reference or annotation (including page numbers or quotes) in order to link to it. This is used for the id attribute of the corresponding span framing the content object and must be unique on the page. Example CITEREFSmith2020	String	optional
Link anchor: reference 8	`link-id8`	Optional link anchor name of a reference link in order to (back)link to the reference link. This is used for the id attribute of the link span and must be unique on the page. Example Smith2020Page12	String	optional
Quote origin: reference 8	`quote-cite8` `qc8`	Anchor name (only the URL fragment) of a reference the quote belongs to, if defined on the same page. This is used for the cite attribute of the quote and establishes a semantic connection to its source. Example CITEREFSmith2020	String	optional
Reference name 9	`name9` `n9` `9`	If this is "RefName", the template displays.	String	optional
Page number: reference 9	`page9` `p9` `9p`	Adds a page number within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if singular page info is given. Example "2"	Content	optional
Pages numbers: reference 9	`pages9` `pp9` `9pp`	Adds page numbers within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if plural page info is given. Example "34–38"	Content	optional
In-source-location: reference 9	`location9` `loc9` `9loc` `at9`	Adds other location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location info is given. Example "inside cover"	Content	optional
Page needed: Reason 9	`needed-reason9` `needed9`	Only required if page/location info is missing. Default Defaults to no page/location info missing. Example Actual reason, yes, y	String	optional
Quote: reference 9	`quote9` `q9`	A quote from the source. Appears when hovering over the page number, so the page number must be specified.	String	optional
Quote page: reference 9	`quote-page9` `qp9`	A quote page from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page number. Special token p to use page9. Choose parameter only if singular page is given.	Content	optional
Quote pages: reference 9	`quote-pages9` `qpp9`	A quote pages from the source. Optionally appears in front of the quote when hovering over the page numbers. Special token pp to use pages9. Choose parameter only if plural pages are given.	Content	optional
Quote in-source location: reference 9	`quote-location9` `quote-loc9` `quote-at9`	Adds other quote location identifier within the source. Note that you can also put this information in the original reference instead, so it need only be stated once. Choose parameter only if location information different from singular or plural quote page info is given. Example "inside cover"	Content	suggested
Quote language: reference 9	`language9` `lang9` `l9` `quote-language9` `quote-lang9` `ql9`	A language code or name defining the language of the quote (if not English).	Content	optional
Quote translation: reference 9	`translation9` `trans9` `t9` `trans-quote9` `tq9` `xlat9`	An optional English translation of a non-English quote.	String	optional
Reference definition 9	`reference9` `refn9` `r9`	Adds the definition of a citation. This can be used inline or in list-defined reference sections. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Example Harold Smith (2020). ''Proper Referencing''. Atlanta Press. p. 201.	String	optional
Reference annotation 9	`annotation9` `annot9` `a9`	Adds extra text to the end of a reference defined elsewhere, including backlinks to the reference invocation. Can be used to collect various commentary to be displayed with the citation. Can also be used to define another citation if multiple citations should reside under the same entry. Can be defined as raw text or through other citation templates like CS1/CS2. Can be nested. Special token p to use page9 and q to use quote9. Example Note 9	String	optional
Direction: Reference 9	`direction9` `dir9`	Override default left-to-right or right-to-left behaviour. (Requires special CSS support for classes mw-cite-dir-rtl and mw-cite-dir-ltr.) Example ltr, rtl	Content	optional
Section: Reference 9	`section9` `sec9` `s9`	Shows a tooltip indicating corresponding context section in an article, if defined. Multiple sections of the same name and overlapping sections are allowed. Default If yes is given, the section name is derived from the given group, name and page info automatically. Example ContextSection9, yes, y	String	optional
Content anchor: reference 9	`id9` `ref9` `9ref`	Optional anchor name of a reference or annotation (including page numbers or quotes) in order to link to it. This is used for the id attribute of the corresponding span framing the content object and must be unique on the page. Example CITEREFSmith2020	String	optional
Link anchor: reference 9	`link-id9`	Optional link anchor name of a reference link in order to (back)link to the reference link. This is used for the id attribute of the link span and must be unique on the page. Example Smith2020Page12	String	optional
Quote origin: reference 9	`quote-cite9` `qc9`	Anchor name (only the URL fragment) of a reference the quote belongs to, if defined on the same page. This is used for the cite attribute of the quote and establishes a semantic connection to its source. Example CITEREFSmith2020	String	optional
Page needed: Date	`needed-date` `date`	Only required if page/location info is missing. Example August 2021	Content	optional
Leadin sequence	`leadin`	To define a leadin sequence prefixing the annotated text. Example Page(s):	String	optional
Postscript sequence	`postscript` `ps` `postscript1` `ps1` `1ps` `postscript2` `ps2` `2ps` `postscript3` `ps3` `3ps` `postscript4` `ps4` `4ps` `postscript5` `ps5` `5ps` `postscript6` `ps6` `6ps` `postscript7` `ps7` `7ps` `postscript8` `ps8` `8ps` `postscript9` `ps9` `9ps`	To define a postscript sequence appended to the reference. Example .	String	optional
Line wrapping control	`no-pp` `nopp`	Control display of p/pp prefixes (in AMA mode) Default Defaults to no to keep prefixes enabled. Example yes, y, no, n	Content	optional
Display format	`style`	Control display format (default : style or AMA format) Default Defaults to : format. Example AMA, Ama, ama	Content	optional
Line wrapping control	`wrap`	To enable automatic line-wrapping between multiple reference links, or to enforce an additional line-break opportunity even within superscripted page strings (may depend on skin) Default Defaults to special line-wrapping disabled. Example no, n, yes, y, forced, f	Content	optional

r

Intent

Overview

Usage

In-source-location parameters

Inline invocation

References section

R-style shortened references

Spacing

Hyphens

Known issues

Editing features

Incompatibilities

TemplateData

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