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荒

See also: 㐬
荒 U+8352, 荒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8352
← 荑
[U+8351]		CJK Unified Ideographs荓 →
[U+8353]

荒 U+FAB3, 荒
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FAB3
← 者
[U+FAB2]		CJK Compatibility Ideographs華 →
[U+FAB4]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

荒 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿卜女山 (TYVU), four-corner 44211, composition ⿱艹巟)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1031, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30953
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1490, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3209, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+8352

Chinese edit

trad.荒
simp. #荒
alternative forms㐬
𮎰
𠃤
𠯚
𦮋

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 荒
Warring StatesShuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptionsSmall seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (亡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
忙*maːŋ
芒*maːŋ, *maŋ
茫*maːŋ
恾*maːŋ
吂*maːŋ, *maːŋs
汒*maːŋ, *maŋs
朚*maːŋ, *hmaːŋ, *maŋ, *mraːŋ, *mraːŋs
邙*maːŋ, *maŋ
杗*maːŋ, *maŋ
荒*hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs
肓*hmaːŋ
衁*hmaːŋ
巟*hmaːŋ
詤*hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ, *hmaŋʔ
慌*hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ
謊*hmaːŋʔ
喪*smaːŋs, *smaːŋ
亡*maŋ
望*maŋ, *maŋs
莣*maŋ
朢*maŋ, *maŋs
鋩*maŋ
硭*maŋ
忘*maŋ, *maŋs
网*mlaŋʔ
罔*mlaŋʔ
蛧*maŋʔ
網*mlaŋʔ
輞*maŋʔ
棢*maŋʔ
惘*maŋʔ
菵*maŋʔ
誷*maŋʔ
魍*maŋʔ
妄*maŋs
盲*mraːŋ
蝱*mraːŋ
虻*mraːŋ
氓*mraːŋ
甿*mraːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs) : semantic 艹 (“grass, plant”) + phonetic 巟 (OC *hmaːŋ).Note: The middle part could be found as 亾 instead of 亡.

Etymology edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ma (“not”). Cognate with 亡 (OC *maŋ, “to disappear”). The voiceless initial is possibly from the devoicing effect of an early (i.e. Proto-Sino-Tibetan) causative prefix *s- on 亡 (i.e. PST *s-maŋ > *hmaŋ > Middle Chinese hwɑŋ) which was subsequently lost.

Pronunciation edit

Note:
  • hong - literary;
  • hng/huiⁿ - vernacular.
Note:
  • huang1 - literary;
  • hng1 - vernacular.
    Rime
    Character荒荒
    Reading #1/22/2
    Initial (聲)曉 (32)曉 (32)
    Final (韻)唐 (102)唐 (102)
    Tone (調)Level (Ø)Departing (H)
    Openness (開合)ClosedClosed
    Division (等)II
    Fanqie呼光切呼浪切
    BaxterxwangxwangH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang    		/hwɑŋ//hwɑŋH/
    Pan
    Wuyun    		/hʷɑŋ//hʷɑŋH/
    Shao
    Rongfen    		/xuɑŋ//xuɑŋH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank    		/hwaŋ//hwaŋH/
    Li
    Rong    		/xuɑŋ//xuɑŋH/
    Wang
    Li    		/xuɑŋ//xuɑŋH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren    		/xwɑŋ//xwɑŋH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex    		huānghuàng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex    		fong1fong3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character荒
    Reading #1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)    		huāng
    Middle
    Chinese    		‹ xwang ›
    Old
    Chinese    		/*m̥ˁaŋ/
    Englishwasteland; uncultivated land

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character荒荒
    Reading #1/22/2
    No.1264912659
    Phonetic
    component    		亡亡
    Rime
    group    		陽陽
    Rime
    subdivision    		00
    Corresponding
    MC rime    		荒荒
    Old
    Chinese    		/*hmaːŋ//*hmaːŋs/

    Definitions edit

    荒

    1. wasteland; uncultivated land; desert
    2. uncultivated; barren; desolate
    3. unreasonable; absurd

    Compounds edit

    Japanese edit

    Kanji edit

    荒

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. uncultivated, wild
    2. desolate, barren

    Readings edit

    Korean edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    Hanja edit

    荒 (eumhun 거칠 황 (geochil hwang))

    1. rough; sparse; wild

    Etymology 2 edit

    Hanja edit

    荒 (eumhun 공허할 강 (gongheohal gang))

    1. empty, blank

    Vietnamese edit

    Han character edit

    荒: Hán Nôm readings: hoang, hoăng

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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