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矜

矜 U+77DC, 矜
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-77DC
← 矛
[U+77DB]		CJK Unified Ideographs矝 →
[U+77DD]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

矜 (Kangxi radical 110, 矛+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 弓竹人戈弓 (NHOIN), four-corner 18227, composition ⿰矛今)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 822, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23852
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1233, character 29
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2764, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+77DC

Chinese edit

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 矜
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal scriptTranscribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (今) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
貪*kʰl'uːm
嗿*l̥ʰuːmʔ
僋*l̥ʰuːms, *luːms
酓*qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms
馠*qʰɯːm
谽*qʰɯːm
唅*qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms
含*ɡɯːm
肣*ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
頷*ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
筨*ɡɯːm
梒*ɡɯːm
鋡*ɡɯːm
莟*ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms
琀*ɡɯːms
浛*ɡɯːms
盦*qɯːm, *qaːb
韽*qɯːm, *qrɯːms
玪*krɯːm
妗*qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms
欦*qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm
黔*ɡram, *ɡrɯm
鈐*ɡram
鳹*ɡram
雂*ɡram, *ɡrɯm
念*nɯːms
梣*sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm
枔*sɢrɯm
岑*sɡrɯm
笒*sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms
涔*sɡrɯm
侺*ɡjɯms
今*krɯm
黅*krɯm
衿*krɯm
衾*kʰrɯm
坅*kʰrɯmʔ
搇*kʰrɯms
琴*ɡrɯm
禽*ɡrɯm
芩*ɡrɯm
庈*ɡrɯm
耹*ɡrɯm
靲*ɡrɯm
擒*ɡrɯm
檎*ɡrɯm
紟*ɡrɯms
吟*ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms
訡*ŋɡrɯm
廞*qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ
陰*qrɯm
霠
飲*qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms
蔭*qrɯms
廕*qrɯms
矜*ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ

Corrupted from 矝, which is a Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ) : semantic 矛 (“spear”) + phonetic 令 (OC *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs). Modern Mandarin pronunciation follows the corrupted phonetic part 今 (jīn).

Etymology 1 edit

trad.矜
simp. #矜

Pronunciation edit

Rime
Character矜
Reading #1/3
Initial (聲)見 (28)
Final (韻)蒸 (133)
Tone (調)Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)Open
Division (等)III
Fanqie居陵切
Baxterking
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/kɨŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		/kɨŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		/kieŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/kiŋ/
Li
Rong		/kiəŋ/
Wang
Li		/kĭəŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		/ki̯əŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		jīng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		ging1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character矜矜
Reading #1/32/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		jīnjīn
Middle
Chinese		‹ king ›‹ king ›
Old
Chinese		/*k-riŋ/ (dialect: *k-r- > k-, *-iŋ > MC -ing)/*k-riŋ/
Englishpity (v.)boastful

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character矜
Reading #3/3
No.6631
Phonetic
component		今
Rime
group		蒸
Rime
subdivision		0
Corresponding
MC rime		兢
Old
Chinese		/*kɯŋ/

Definitions edit

矜

  1. to pity; to feel sorry for; to show sympathy for

Compounds edit

  • 不矜
  • 不矜不伐
  • 不矜名節／不矜名节
  • 不矜細行／不矜细行
  • 剛而自矜／刚而自矜
  • 可矜
  • 哀矜 (āijīn)
  • 奮矜／奋矜
  • 好自矜誇／好自矜夸
  • 弔詭矜奇／吊诡矜奇
  • 恃才矜己
  • 棘矜
  • 矜人 (jīnrén)
  • 矜伐
  • 矜免
  • 矜功
  • 矜功不立
  • 矜功伐善
  • 矜功恃寵／矜功恃宠
  • 矜功自伐
  • 矜功負勝／矜功负胜
  • 矜功負氣／矜功负气
  • 矜名嫉能
  • 矜哀
  • 矜奇立異／矜奇立异
  • 矜寵／矜宠
  • 矜己任智
  • 矜己自飾／矜己自饰
  • 矜式
  • 矜張／矜张
  • 矜張顯著／矜张显著
  • 矜恤 (jīnxù)
  • 矜惜
  • 矜愍
  • 矜憫／矜悯
  • 矜才使氣／矜才使气
  • 矜持 (jīnchí)
  • 矜智負能／矜智负能
  • 矜滿／矜满
  • 矜矜
  • 矜矜業業／矜矜业业
  • 矜糾收繚／矜纠收缭
  • 矜育 (jīnyù)
  • 矜能負才／矜能负才
  • 矜莊／矜庄
  • 矜誇／矜夸 (jīnkuā)
  • 矜貧恤獨／矜贫恤独
  • 矜貧救厄／矜贫救厄
  • 矜貴／矜贵 (jīnguì)
  • 矜重
  • 矜鑒／矜鉴
  • 矜飾／矜饰
  • 自矜 (zìjīn)
  • 驕矜／骄矜 (jiāojīn)
  • 驕矜狂妄／骄矜狂妄
  • 驕矜自喜／骄矜自喜

Etymology 2 edit

trad.矜
simp. #矜
alternative forms𥎊

Pronunciation edit

Rime
Character矜矜
Reading #2/33/3
Initial (聲)群 (30)群 (30)
Final (韻)眞 (44)欣 (57)
Tone (調)Level (Ø)Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)OpenOpen
Division (等)IIIIII
Fanqie巨巾切巨斤切
Baxtergingj+n
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/ɡˠiɪn//ɡɨn/
Pan
Wuyun		/ɡᵚin//ɡɨn/
Shao
Rongfen		/ɡien//ɡiən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/gjin//gɨn/
Li
Rong		/ɡjĕn//ɡiən/
Wang
Li		/ɡǐĕn//ɡĭən/
Bernard
Karlgren		/gi̯ĕn//gi̯ən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		qínqín
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		kan4kan4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character矜
Reading #3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		qín
Middle
Chinese		‹ gin ›
Old
Chinese		/*ɡriŋ/
Englishkind of lance

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character矜矜
Reading #1/32/3
No.66296630
Phonetic
component		今今
Rime
group		文文
Rime
subdivision		11
Corresponding
MC rime		𥎊勤
Old
Chinese		/*ɡrɯn//*ɡɯn/
Notes𥎊下注古體𥎊下注古體

Definitions edit

矜

  1. † handle of a spear

Etymology 3 edit

trad.矜
simp. #矜

Pronunciation edit

Definitions edit

矜

  1. † Alternative form of 鰥／鳏 (guān, “old man with no wife”)
  2. † Alternative form of 瘝 (guān, “to be ill”)

Compounds edit

  • 矜寡孤獨／矜寡孤独

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

矜

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. pride
  2. respect

Readings edit

Korean edit

Hanja edit

矜 • (geung, geun) (hangeul 긍, 근, revised geung, geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭng, kŭn, Yale kung, kun)

  1. pity
  2. feel sorry for
  3. show sympathy for
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