甕

Translingual edit

Han character edit

甕 (Kangxi radical 98, 瓦+13, 18 strokes, cangjie input 卜女土弓 (YVGN), four-corner 0071₇, composition ⿱雍瓦)

Derived characters edit

𥗯, 𨇹, 𪗃

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 752, character 25
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21617
Dae Jaweon: page 1160, character 8
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1433, character 5
Unihan data for U+7515

Chinese edit

trad.		甕/瓮
simp.		瓮
alternative forms		罋

Wikipedia has articles on:

甕 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
甕 (Cantonese)

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (邕) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
郺	qoːŋʔ, qoŋ
齆	*qoːŋs
甕	*qoːŋs
罋	qoːŋs, qoŋ
雍	qoŋ, qoŋs
邕	*qoŋ
嗈	*qoŋ
灉	qoŋ, qoŋs
癰	*qoŋ
廱	*qoŋ
雝	*qoŋ
壅	qoŋ, qoŋʔ, *qoŋs
饔	*qoŋ
噰	*qoŋ
澭	*qoŋ
擁	qoŋ, qoŋʔ
臃	*qoŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qoːŋs) : phonetic 雍 (OC *qoŋ, *qoŋs) + semantic 瓦 (“earthenware”).

Etymology edit

Probably Sino-Tibetan (Unger, 1999; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). STEDT reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔəw-ŋ (“pot; vat; jar”) provisionally.

Within Chinese, compare 甌 (OC *qoː, “small bowl; small cup”), 碗 (OC *qoːnʔ, “bowl”), 罌 (OC *qreːŋ, “earthen jar”), 盎 (OC *qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs, “earthen jar”), 癰 (OC *qoŋ, “carbuncle; ulcer”) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT).

Also compare Tibetan གཞོང (gzhong, “basin; tub; bowl”), Lepcha ᰈᰨᰵᰕᰨ (joŋ-mo, “bucket, tub”), Proto-Loloish *ʔ-loŋ² (“pot”) (Unger, 1999).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): wèng (weng⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄨㄥˋ
(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ong⁴
Cantonese (Jyutping): ung³
Eastern Min (BUC): áe̤ng
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): àng / òng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wèng
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wòng
  - Wade–Giles: wêng⁴
  - Yale: wèng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wenq
  - Palladius: вэн (vɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wəŋ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: ong⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: weng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /oŋ²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ung³
  - Yale: ung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ung³
  - Guangdong Romanization: ung³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʊŋ³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: áe̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɔyŋ²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: àng
  - Tâi-lô: àng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: axng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /aŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /aŋ¹¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /aŋ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: òng
  - Tâi-lô: òng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oxng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɔŋ²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɔŋ⁴¹/

Note:

àng - vernacular;
òng - literary.

Middle Chinese: 'uwngH

Rime
Character	甕
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	烏貢切
Baxter	'uwngH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔuŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔuŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔuŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔəwŋ^H/
Li Rong	/ʔuŋ^H/
Wang Li	/uŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔuŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wèng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ung³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qˤoŋ-s/
(Zhengzhang): /*qoːŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	甕
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wèng
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔuwng^H ›
Old Chinese	/*qˁoŋ-s/
English	earthen jar
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.