努尔哈赤(满文:ᠨᡠᡵᡤᠠᠴᡳ,nurgaci;1559年2月21号-1626年9月30号)。佢是爱新觉罗氏个太公头,起头是建州女真部落酋长个儿。小辰光趒李成梁个屋里做人质。后晚,转到辽东女真人个地场,逐步吞并边里个部落。到1617年,正式举旗反明朝,自立天命汗,来1619年个萨尔浒之战当中,大破明军。获得辽东地区个战略优势。佢畀八旗制度定起,女真变做一个统治集团,道道会抢劫,畀农民伯爷捉来当包衣奴才。还搭蒙古个科尔沁部落开始有联系,不过,打宁远城打败爻,碰着袁崇焕个抵挡,怪得后晚呒再对明有大规模个进攻。1626年蓦临头死爻,清朝成立起之后畀佢尊列清太祖。
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