Southern Federal District

Its territory lies mostly on the Pontic–Caspian steppe of Southern Russia. The Southern Federal District shares borders with Ukraine, the Azov Sea, and the Black Sea in the west, and Kazakhstan and the Caspian Sea in the east.

Southern Federal District Южный федеральный округ
Federal district of Russia
Location of the Southern Federal District. Crimea, whose annexation by Russia from Ukraine is mostly unrecognized internationally, shown in orange.
Coordinates: 47°14′N 39°43′E / 47.233°N 39.717°E / 47.233; 39.717
Country	Russia
Established	18 May 2000
Administrative centre	Rostov-on-Don
Government
• Presidential Envoy	Vladimir Ustinov
Area
• Total	447,900 km2 (172,900 sq mi)
• Rank	7th
Population  (2010 Census)
• Total	16,319,253
• Rank	4th
• Density	33.1/km2 (86/sq mi)
• Urban	62.4%
• Rural	37.6%
GDP
• Total	₽7.952 trillion US$108 billion (2021)
• Per capita	₽483,150 US$6,555 (2021)
Federal constituent entity	6 contained
Economic regions	1 contained
HDI (2021)	0.799 high · 6th
Website	ufo.gov.ru

Southern Federal District

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Southern Federal District in Russia

The Southern Federal District was originally called the North Caucasian Federal District when it was founded in May 2000, but was renamed for political reasons on 21 June 2000. On 19 January 2010, the Southern Federal District was split in two, with its former southern territories forming a new North Caucasian Federal District.

On 28 July 2016, Crimean Federal District (which contains the Republic of Crimea and the Federal city of Sevastopol) was abolished and merged into Southern Federal District in order to "improve the governance". Crimean Federal District was established on 21 March 2014 after the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation. The federal district includes both the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol, both recognized as part of Ukraine by most of the international community. Ukraine considers the area, along with the areas of Luhansk People's Republic, the Donetsk People's Republic, Kherson Oblast and Zaporizhzhia Oblast, as temporarily occupied territories. Its population was 13,854,334 (62.4% urban) according to the 2010 Census, living in an area of 420,900 square kilometers (162,500 sq mi).

 

Federal constituent entities

An official government translation of the constitution of Russia from Russian to English uses the term "constituent entities of the Russian Federation". For example, Article 5 reads: "The Russian Federation shall consist of republics, krays, oblasts, cities of federal significance, an autonomous oblast and autonomous okrugs, which shall have equal rights as constituent entities of the Russian Federation." A translation provided by Garant-Internet instead uses the term "subjects of the Russian Federation".

Tom Fennell, a translator, told the 2008 American Translators Association conference that "constituent entity of the Russian Federation" is a better translation than "subject". This was supported by Tamara Nekrasova, Head of Translation Department at Goltsblat BLP, saying in a 2011 presentation at a translators conference that "constituent entity of the Russian Federation is more appropriate than subject of the Russian Federation (subject would be OK for a monarchy)".

1 2 3 4 5 6 A B
#	Flag	Coat of Arms	Constituent entities	Area in km2	Population	Capital/administrative center	Map of Administrative Division
1			Republic of Adygea	7,800	496,934	Maykop
2			Astrakhan Oblast	49,000	960,142	Astrakhan
3			Republic of Kalmykia	74,700	267,133	Elista
4			Krasnodar Krai	75,500	5,838,273	Krasnodar
5			Rostov Oblast	101,000	4,200,729	Rostov-on-Don
6			Volgograd Oblast	112,900	2,500,781	Volgograd
Disputed territories
A			Republic of Crimea	26,100	1,934,630	Simferopol
-			Donetsk People's Republic	26,517	4,100,280	Donetsk
-			Kherson Oblast	28,461	1,016,707	Henichesk
-			Lugansk People's Republic	26,684	2,121,322	Lugansk
B			City of Sevastopol	900	547,820	Sevastopol
-			Zaporozhye Oblast	27,183	1,638,462	Melitopol

Ethnic composition, according to the 2010 census: Total - 13 854 334 people.

• Russians - 11,602,452 (83.75%)
• Armenians - 442,505 (3.19%)
• Ukrainians - 212 674 (1.54%)
• Kazakhs - 205 364 (1.48%)
• Kalmyks - 172,242 (1.24%)
• Tatars - 127,455 (0.92%)
• Adyghe (Circassian) - 121 391 (0.88%)
• Azerbaijanis - 52 871 (0.38%)
• Turks - 51,367 (0.37%)
• Roma - 46,067 (0.33%)
• Belarusians - 44 723 (0.32%)
• Chechens - 34,593 (0.25%)
• Georgians - 31,018 (0.22%)
• Germans - 29 312 (0.21%)
• Koreans - 27,640 (0.20%)
• Greeks - 27,313 (0.20%)
• Dargins - 24 815 (0.18%)
• Uzbeks - 16 361 (0.12%)
• Avars - 16,061 (0.12%)
• Moldovans - 15 888 (0.11%)
• Lezgins - 15 241 (0.11%)
• Chuvash - 12 329 (0.09%)
• Kurds - 12,056 (0.09%)
• Bashkirs - 4 942 (0.06%)
• Persons who did not indicate their nationality: 240 609 people. (1.74%)
• Representatives of other nationalities: 729,572 people. (5.26%)

Life expectancy

 

1. Viktor Kazantsev (18 May 2000 – 9 March 2004)
2. Vladimir Yakovlev (9 March 2004 – 13 September 2004)
3. Dmitry Kozak (13 September 2004 – 24 September 2007)
4. Grigory Rapota (24 September 2007 – 14 May 2008)
5. Vladimir Ustinov (14 May 2008 – present)