Africa
Africa: Central
Angola
- Colony, 1575–1951; Overseas province, 1951–1975
- For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe
Cameroon
- United Nations trust territory, 1946–1960
- For details see France under western Europe
- United Nations trust territory, 1946–1961
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
-
- East Cameroon
- West Cameroon
- United Cameroon
Central African Republic
- French colony, 1903–1958
- For details see France under western Europe
-
- David Dacko, Prime minister (1959–1960)
- Elisabeth Domitien, Prime minister (1975–1976)
- Ange-Félix Patassé, Prime minister of the Central African Empire (1976–1978)
- Henri Maïdou, Prime minister of the Central African Empire (1978–1979)
- Bernard Ayandho, Prime minister (1979–1980)
- Jean-Pierre Lebouder, Prime minister (1980–1981)
- Simon Narcisse Bozanga, Prime minister (1981)
- Édouard Frank, Prime minister (1991–1992)
- Timothée Malendoma, Prime minister (1992–1993)
- Enoch Derant Lakoué, Prime minister (1993)
- Jean-Luc Mandaba, Prime minister (1993–1995)
- Gabriel Koyambounou, Prime minister (1995–1996)
- Jean-Paul Ngoupandé, Prime minister (1996–1997)
- Michel Gbezera-Bria, Prime minister (1997–1999)
- Anicet-Georges Dologuélé, Prime minister (1999–2001)
Chad
- Colony, 1900–1960
- For details see France under western Europe
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
- Colony, 1908–1960
- For details see the Belgium under Western Europe
-
- Patrice Lumumba, Prime minister (1960)
- Joseph Iléo, Prime minister (1960)
- Justin Marie Bomboko, Prime minister (1960–1961)
- Joseph Iléo, Prime minister (1961)
- Antoine Gizenga, Rebel, Prime minister (1960–1961)
- Cyrille Adoula, Prime minister (1961–1964)
- Moise Tshombe, Prime minister (1964–1965)
- Évariste Kimba, Prime minister (1965)
- Léonard Mulamba, Prime minister (1965–1966)
-
- Mpinga Kasenda, Prime minister (1977–1979)
- Bo-Boliko Lokonga, Prime minister (1979–1980)
- Jean Nguza Karl-i-Bond, First state commissioner (1980–1981)
- N'Singa Udjuu, First state commissioner (1981–1982)
- Léon Kengo, First state commissioner (1982–1986)
- Mabi Mulumba, First state commissioner (1987–1988)
- Jules Fontaine Sambwa, First state commissioner (1988)
- Léon Kengo, First state commissioner (1988–1990)
- Lunda Bululu, Prime minister (1990–1991)
- Mulumba Lukoji, Prime minister (1991)
- Étienne Tshisekedi, Prime minister (1991)
- Bernardin Mungul Diaka, Prime minister (1991)
- Jean Nguza Karl-i-Bond, Prime minister (1991–1992)
- Étienne Tshisekedi, Prime minister (1992–1993)
- Faustin Birindwa, Prime minister (1993–1994)
- Léon Kengo, First state commissioner (1994–1997)
- Étienne Tshisekedi, Prime minister (1997)
- Likulia Bolongo, Prime minister (1997)
Congo: Republic of the
- Federation of colonies, 1910–1934; Colony, 1934–1958
- For details see France under western Europe
Guinea
- Colony, 1778–1968
- For details see Spain in southwest Europe
Gabon
São Tomé and Príncipe
- Colony, 1470–1951; Overseas province, 1951–1975
- For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe
Africa: East
Burundi
- United Nations trust territory, 1946–1962
- For details see Belgium under western Europe
Comoros
- Overseas territory, 1946–1961
- For details see France under western Europe
-
- Haribon Chebani, Provisional President (1989)
- Said Mohamed Djohar, Acting President (1989–1990), President (1990–1995)
- Combo Ayouba, Coordinator of the Transitional Military Committee (1995)
- Mohamed Taki Abdoulkarim, Acting President (1995)
- Caabi El-Yachroutu Mohamed, President (1995–1996)
- Said Mohamed Djohar, President (1996)
- Mohamed Taki Abdoulkarim, Acting President (1996–1998)
- Tadjidine Ben Said Massounde, President (1998–1999)
- Azali Assoumani, President (1999–2001)
- Mohamed Taki Abdoulkarim, Prime minister (1992)
- Ibrahim Halidi, Prime minister (1993)
- Said Ali Mohamed, Prime minister (1993)
- Ahmed Ben Cheikh Attoumane, Prime minister (1993–1994)
- Mohamed Abdou Madi, Prime minister (1994)
- Halifa Houmadi, Prime minister (1994–1995)
- Caabi El-Yachroutu Mohamed, Prime minister (1995–1996)
- Tadjidine Ben Said Massounde, Prime minister (1996)
- Ahmed Abdou, Prime minister (1996–1997)
- Nourdine Bourhane, Prime minister (1997–1998)
- Abbas Djoussouf, Prime minister (1998–1999)
- Bianrifi Tarmidi, Prime minister (1999–2000)
- Hamada Madi, Prime minister (2000–2002)
Djibouti
- Overseas territory, 1946–1967
- Overseas territory, 1967–1977
- For details see France under western Europe
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Kenya
- British colony and protectorate, 1920–1963
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Madagascar
- Colony, 1897–1958
- For details see France under western Europe
Mauritius
- Colony, 1810–1968
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Rwanda
Seychelles
- British colony, 1903–1976
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Somalia
- Protectorate, 1884–1940, 1941–1960
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
- United Nations trust territory of Italy, 1950–1960
- For details see Italy under southcentral Europe
Tanzania
- United Nations trust territory, 1946–1961
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Uganda
- Gasyonga II, Omugabe (1944–1967)
- Winyi IV, Omukama (1925–1967)
- British protectorate, 1894–1962
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
-
- Mutesa II, President (1963–1966)
- Milton Obote, President (1966–1971)
- Idi Amin, President (1971–1979)
- Yusuf Lule, Interim President (1979)
- Godfrey Binaisa, President (1979–1980)
- Paulo Muwanga, President (1980)
- Presidential Commission of Uganda (1980)
- Milton Obote, President (1980–1985)
- Bazilio Olara-Okello, de facto Head of state (1985)
- Tito Okello, President (1985–1986)
- Yoweri Museveni, President (1986–present)
Africa: Northcentral
Libya
- Allied military administration, 1942–1951
- Idris, Emir (1949–1951), King (1951–1969)
-
- Idris, Emir (1949–1951), King (1951–1969)
- Mahmud al-Muntasir, Prime minister (1951–1954)
- Muhammad Sakizli, Prime minister (1954)
- Mustafa Ben Halim, Prime minister (1954–1957)
- Abdul Majid Kubar, Prime minister (1957–1960)
- Muhammad Osman Said, Prime minister (1960–1963)
- Mohieddin Fikini, Prime minister (1963–1964)
- Mahmud al-Muntasir, Prime minister (1964–1965)
- Hussein Maziq, Prime minister (1965–1967)
- Abdul Qadir al-Badri, Prime minister (1967)
- Abdul Hamid al-Bakkoush, Prime minister (1967–1968)
- Wanis al-Qaddafi, Prime minister (1968–1969)
-
- Mahmud Sulayman al-Maghribi, Prime minister (1969–1970)
- Muammar Gaddafi, Prime minister (1970–1972)
- Abdessalam Jalloud, Prime minister (1972–1977)
- Abdul Ati al-Obeidi, Prime minister (1977–1979)
- Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi, Prime minister (1979–1984)
- Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab, Prime minister (1984–1986)
- Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi, Prime minister (1986–1987)
- Umar Mustafa al-Muntasir, Prime minister (1987–1990)
- Abuzed Omar Dorda, Prime minister (1990–1994)
- Abdul Majid al-Qa′ud, Prime minister (1994–1997)
- Muhammad Ahmad al-Mangoush, Prime minister (1997–2000)
- Imbarek Shamekh, Prime minister (2000–2003)
Tunisia
- Protectorate, 1881–1956
- For details see France under western Europe
Africa: Northeast
Egypt
-
- Gamal Abdel Nasser, Prime minister, government in rebellion (1954–1962)
- Ali Sabri, Prime minister (1962–1965)
- Zakaria Mohieddin, Prime minister (1965–1966)
- Mohamed Sedki Sulayman, Prime minister (1966–1967)
- Gamal Abdel Nasser, Prime minister (1967–1970)
- Mahmoud Fawzi, Prime minister (1970–1972)
- Aziz Sedky, Prime minister (1972–1973)
- Anwar Sadat, Prime minister (1973–1974)
- Abd El Aziz Mohamed Hegazi, Prime minister (1974–1975)
- Mamdouh Salem, Prime minister (1975–1978)
- Mustafa Khalil, Prime minister (1978–1980)
- Anwar Sadat, Prime minister (1980–1981)
- Hosni Mubarak, Prime minister (1981–1982)
- Ahmad Fuad Mohieddin, Prime minister (1982–1984)
- Kamal Hassan Ali, Prime minister (1984–1985)
- Aly Lotfy Mahmoud, Prime minister (1985–1986)
- Atef Sedky, Prime minister (1986–1996)
- Kamal Ganzouri, Prime minister (1996–1999)
- Atef Ebeid, Prime minister (1999–2004)
Sudan
- Condominium of the United Kingdom and Egypt, 1899–1956
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Africa: Northwest
Algeria
- French Départements, 1830–1962
- For details see France under western Europe
- People's Democratic Republic of Algeria
-
-
- Chairman of the Revolutionary Council (1965–1976)
- President (1976–1978)
- Ahmed Ben Bella, Prime minister (1962–1963)
- Mohamed Ben Ahmed Abdelghani, Prime minister (1979–1984)
- Abdelhamid Brahimi, Prime minister (1984–1988)
- Kasdi Merbah, Prime minister (1988–1989)
- Mouloud Hamrouche, Prime minister (1989–1991)
- Sid Ahmed Ghozali, Prime minister (1991–1992)
- Belaid Abdessalam, Prime minister (1992–1993)
- Redha Malek, Prime minister (1993–1994)
- Mokdad Sifi, Prime minister (1994–1995)
- Ahmed Ouyahia, Prime minister (1995–1998)
- Smail Hamdani, Prime minister (1998–1999)
- Ahmed Benbitour, Prime minister (1999–2000)
- Ali Benflis, Prime minister (2000–2003)
Morocco
- French protectorate, 1912–1956; Spanish protectorate, 1912–1956; Tangier International Zone, 1924–1956
- Mbarek Bekkay, Prime minister (1955–1958)
- Ahmed Balafrej, Prime minister (1958)
- Abdallah Ibrahim, Prime minister (1958–1960)
- Ahmed Bahnini, Prime minister (1963–1965)
- Mohamed Benhima, Prime minister (1967–1969)
- Ahmed Laraki, Prime minister (1969–1971)
- Mohammed Karim Lamrani, Prime minister (1971–1972)
- Ahmed Osman, Prime minister (1972–1979)
- Maati Bouabid, Prime minister (1979–1983)
- Mohammed Karim Lamrani, Prime minister (1983–1986)
- Azzeddine Laraki, Prime minister (1986–1992)
- Mohammed Karim Lamrani, Prime minister (1992–1994)
- Abdellatif Filali, Prime minister (1994–1998)
- Abderrahmane Youssoufi, Prime minister (1998–2002)
- Overseas territory, 1884–1958; Overseas province, 1958–1975
- For details see Spain in southwest Europe
Africa: South
Botswana
- British protectorate, 1885–1966
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Eswatini/ Swaziland
-
- Sobhuza II, Paramount Chief under British rule (1921–1968), King (1968–1982)
-
- Makhosini Dlamini, Prime minister (1967–1976)
- Maphevu Dlamini, Prime minister (1976–1979)
- Ben Nsibandze, Acting Prime minister (1979)
- Mabandla Dlamini, Prime minister (1979–1983)
- Bhekimpi Dlamini, Prime minister (1983–1986)
- Sotsha Dlamini, Prime minister (1986–1989)
- Obed Dlamini, Prime minister (1989–1993)
- Andreas Fakudze, Acting Prime minister (1993)
- Jameson Mbilini Dlamini, Prime minister (1993–1996)
- Sishayi Nxumalo, Acting Prime minister (1996)
- Barnabas Sibusiso Dlamini, Prime minister (1996–2003)
Lesotho
- British colony, 1884–1966
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Malawi
- British protectorate, 1907–1964
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Mozambique
- Colony, 1498–1972; Territory, 1972–1975
- For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe
Namibia
South Africa
-
- Charles Robberts Swart, State President (1961–1967)
- Jozua François Naudé, Acting State President (1967–1968)
- Jacobus Johannes Fouché, State President (1968–1975)
- Johannes de Klerk, Acting State President (1975)
- Nico Diederichs, State President (1975–1978)
- Marais Viljoen, Acting State President (1978)
- Balthazar Johannes Vorster, State President (1978–1979)
- Marais Viljoen, State President (1979–1984)
- P. W. Botha, State President (1984–1989)
- F. W. de Klerk, State President (1989–1994)
Zambia
- Mwanawina III, Mbumu wa Litunga (1948–1968)
- British protectorate, 1924–1964
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
- Self-governing British colony, 1953–1963
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Zimbabwe
- British protectorate, 1924–1964
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Africa: West
Benin
- Colony, 1904–1958
- For details see France under western Europe
-
- Hubert Maga, President (1960–1963)
- Christophe Soglo, Head of the Provisional Government (1963–1964)
- Sourou-Migan Apithy, President (1964–1965)
- Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin, Acting President (1965)
- Tahirou Congacou, Acting President (1965)
- Christophe Soglo, President (1965–1967)
- Jean-Baptiste Hachème, Chairman of the Revolutionary Committee (1967)
- Maurice Kouandété, Head of State (1967)
- Alphonse Alley, Head of State (1967–1968)
- Émile Derlin Zinsou, President (1968–1969)
- Maurice Kouandété, Chief of Staff of the Army (1969)
- Paul-Émile de Souza, Chairman of the Directory (1969–1970)
- Hubert Maga, Chairman of the Presidential Council (1970–1972)
- Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin, Chairman of the Presidential Council (1972)
- Mathieu Kérékou, President (1972–1975)
Burkina Faso
- Yempaabu, King (1941–1986)
- Banyikuba, Bilanbedo (1927–1970)
- Yencabri, ruler (1942–1969)
- Abdullahi Sandu bi Faruku, Almami (1932–1956)
- Usman bi Amiru, Almami (1956–1959)
- Yendieri, Boopo (1945–1976)
- Huntani, Jafuali (1938–1952)
- Yempaabu, Jafuali (1952–?)
- Yamba Sorgo, Naaba (1933–1957)
- Naaba Saaga II, Moogo-naaba (1942–1957)
- Naaba Kugri, Moogo-naaba (1957–1982)
- Naaba Tigre, Yatenga naaba (1914–1954)
- Naaba Sigiri, Yatenga naaba (1954–1960)
- Colony, 1919–1932, 1947–1958
- For details see France under western Europe
Cape Verde
- Colony, 1462–1951; Overseas province, 1951–1975
- For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe
Gambia
- British colony and protectorate, 1821–1965
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
- Dawda Jawara, President (1970–1994)
- Yahya Jammeh, Chairman of the Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council (1994–1996), President (1996–2017)
Ghana
- British colony, 1821–1957
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
- Kwame Nkrumah, President of the First Republic (1960–1966)
- Joseph Arthur Ankrah, Military Head of State (1966–1969)
- Akwasi Afrifa, Military Head of State (1969)
- Akwasi Afrifa, President of the Second Republic (1969–1970)
- Nii Amaa Ollennu, Acting President of the Second Republic (1970)
- Edward Akufo-Addo, President of the Second Republic (1970–1972)
- Ignatius Kutu Acheampong, Military Head of State (1972–1978)
- Fred Akuffo, Military Head of State (1978–1979)
- Jerry Rawlings, Military Head of State (1979)
- Hilla Limann, President of the Third Republic (1979–1981)
- Jerry Rawlings, Military Head of State (1981–1993), President of the Fourth Republic (1993–2001)
Guinea
- French colony, 1894–1958
- For details see France under western Europe
Guinea-Bissau
- Colony, 1474–1951; Overseas province, 1951–1974
- For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe
Ivory Coast
- Colony, 1893–1960
- For details see France under western Europe
Liberia
Mali
- French territory, united together with Senegal 1959–1960
- For details see France under western Europe
- Heads of state (complete list) –
- Modibo Keïta, Head of State (1960–1965), President (1965–1968)
- Moussa Traoré, Chairman of the Military Committee for National Liberation (1968–1969), Head of State (1969–1979), President (1979–1991)
- Amadou Toumani Touré, Chairman of the National Reconciliation Council (1991), Chairman of the Transitional Committee (1991–1992)
- Alpha Oumar Konaré, President (1992–2002)
Mauritania
- French colony, 1903–1960
- For details see France under western Europe
-
- Moktar Ould Daddah, Prime minister (1960–1961)
- Ahmed Ould Bouceif, Prime minister (1979)
- Ahmed Salim Ould Sidi, Acting Prime minister (1979)
- Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla, Prime minister (1979–1980)
- Sid Ahmed Ould Bneijara, Prime minister (1980–1981)
- Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, Prime minister (1981–1984)
- Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla, Prime minister (1984)
- Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, Prime minister (1984–1992)
- Sidi Mohamed Ould Boubacar, Prime minister (1992–1996)
- Cheikh El Avia Ould Mohamed Khouna, Prime minister (1996–1997)
- Mohamed Lemine Ould Guig, Prime minister (1997–1998)
- Cheikh El Avia Ould Mohamed Khouna, Prime minister (1998–2003)
Niger
- Zarmakoy Moumouni, King (1938–1953)
- Zarmakoy Hamani, King (1953–1962)
- French colony, 1921–1960
- For details see France under western Europe
-
- Hamani Diori, Prime minister (1958–1960)
- Mamane Oumarou, Prime minister (1983)
- Hamid Algabid, Prime minister (1983–1988)
- Mamane Oumarou, Prime minister (1988–1989)
- Aliou Mahamidou, Prime minister (1990–1991)
- Amadou Cheiffou, Prime minister (1991–1993)
- Mahamadou Issoufou, Prime minister (1993–1994)
- Souley Abdoulaye, Prime minister (1994–1995)
- Amadou Cissé, Prime minister (1995)
- Hama Amadou, Prime minister (1995–1996)
- Boukary Adji, Prime minister (1996)
- Amadou Cissé, Prime minister (1996–1997)
- Ibrahim Hassane Mayaki, Prime minister (1997–2000)
- Hama Amadou, Prime minister (2000–2007)
Nigeria
- British colony, 1821–1957
- British colony, 1914–1960
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
- Elizabeth II, Queen (1960–1963)
- Nnamdi Azikiwe, President of the First Republic (1963–1966)
- Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi, Military Head of State (1966)
- Yakubu Gowon, Military Head of State (1966–1975)
- Murtala Mohammed, Military Head of State (1975–1976)
- Olusegun Obasanjo, Military Head of State (1976–1979)
- Shehu Shagari, President of the Second Republic (1979–1983)
- Muhammadu Buhari, Military Head of State (1983–1985)
- Ibrahim Babangida, Military Head of State (1985–1993)
- Ernest Shonekan, Transition Head of State Third Republic (1993)
- Sani Abacha, Military Head of State (1993–1998)
- Abdulsalami Abubakar, Military Head of State (1998–1999)
- Olusegun Obasanjo, President of the Fourth Republic (1999–2007)
Senegal
- Fode N'Gouye Joof, Maad Saloum (1935–c.1960)
- Federation of colonies, 1895–1958
- For details see France under western Europe
- French colony, 1848–1960
- For details see France under western Europe
Sierra Leone
- British colony and protectorate, 1808–1961
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
-
- Military regime
- Second Republic
Togo
- United Nations Trust Territory, 1946–1956
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
- United Nations Trust Territory, 1946–1960
- For details see France under western Europe
Americas
Americas: Caribbean
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
- British colony, 1632–1981
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
The Bahamas
- British colony, 1648–1973
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Barbados
- British colony, 1625–1966
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Cuba
-
- Fidel Castro, Prime minister (1959–1976), President of the Council of Ministers (1976–2008)
Dominica
- British Colony, 1763–1978
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Dominican Republic
-
- Armando Óscar Pacheco, Luis Amiama Tió, Antonio Imbert Barrera, Enrique Valdez Vidaurre, Wilfredo Medina Natalio, Huberto Bogaert, Civic-Military Council (1962)
- José Rafael Molina Ureña, Provisional President (1965)
- Pedro Bartolomé Benoit, Provisional President (1965)
- Antonio Imbert Barrera, President (1965)
- Héctor García-Godoy, Provisional President (1965–1966)
- Joaquín Balaguer, President (1966–1978)
- Antonio Guzmán Fernández, President (1978–1982)
- Jacobo Majluta Azar, President (1982)
- Salvador Jorge Blanco, President (1982–1986)
- Joaquín Balaguer, President (1986–1996)
- Leonel Fernández, President (1996–2000)
- Hipólito Mejía, President (2000–2004)
Grenada
-
- Eric Gairy, Prime minister (1974–1979)
- Maurice Bishop, de facto Prime minister (1979–1983)
- Bernard Coard, de facto Prime minister (1983)
- Hudson Austin, de facto Prime minister (1983)
- Nicholas Brathwaite, de facto Prime minister (1983–1984)
- Herbert Blaize, Prime minister (1984–1989)
- Ben Jones (Grenada), Prime minister (1989–1990)
- Nicholas Brathwaite, Prime minister (1990–1995)
- George Brizan, Prime minister (1995)
- Keith Mitchell, Prime minister (1995–2008)
Haiti
-
- Henri Namphy, President of the National Council of Government (1986–1988)
- Leslie Manigat, President (1988)
- Henri Namphy, President (1988)
- Prosper Avril, President (1988–1990)
- Hérard Abraham, Acting President (1990)
- Ertha Pascal-Trouillot, Provisional President (1990–1991)
- Jean-Bertrand Aristide, President (1991)
- Raoul Cédras, Acting President (1991)
- Joseph Nérette, Provisional President (1991–1992)
- Marc Bazin, Acting President (1992–1993)
- Jean-Bertrand Aristide, President (1993–1994)
- Émile Jonassaint, Provisional President (1994)
- Jean-Bertrand Aristide, President (1994–1996)
- René Préval, President (1996–2001)
Jamaica
Saint Kitts and Nevis
- British colony, 1882–1983
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Saint Lucia
- British colony, 1802–1979
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- British Colony, 1763–1979
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Trinidad and Tobago
- British colony, 1797–1962
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Americas: Central
Belize
- British colony, 1862–1981
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Costa Rica
- Otilio Ulate Blanco, President (1949–1953)
- José Figueres Ferrer, President (1953–1958)
- Mario Echandi Jiménez, President (1958–1962)
- Francisco Orlich Bolmarcich, President (1962–1966)
- José Trejos Fernández, President (1966–1970)
- José Figueres Ferrer, President (1970–1974)
- Daniel Oduber Quirós, President (1974–1978)
- Rodrigo Carazo Odio, President (1978–1982)
- Luis Monge Álvarez, President (1982–1986)
- Óscar Arias, President (1986–1990)
- Rafael Calderón Fournier, President (1990–1994)
- José Figueres Olsen, President (1994–1998)
- Miguel Rodríguez Echeverría, President (1998–2002)
El Salvador
- First Junta: Jaime Abdul Gutiérrez, Mario Antonio Andino, Román Mayorga Quirós, Guillermo Ungo, Adolfo Arnoldo Majano (1979–1980)
- Second Junta: Jaime Abdul Gutiérrez, José Ramón Ávalos Navarrete, Adolfo Arnoldo Majano, Héctor Dada Hirezi, José Antonio Morales Ehrlich (1980)
- Third Junta: José Ramón Ávalos Navarrete, Jaime Abdul Gutiérrez, José Napoleón Duarte, José Antonio Morales Ehrlich (1980–1982)
Guatemala
- Juan José Arévalo, President (1945–1951)
- Jacobo Árbenz, President (1951–1954)
- Carlos Enrique Díaz de León, Provisional President (1954)
- Elfego Hernán Monzón Aguirre, Chairman of Military Junta (1954)
- Carlos Castillo Armas, President (1954–1957)
- Luis Arturo González López, Acting President (1957)
- Óscar Mendoza Azurdia, Chairman of Military Junta (1957)
- Guillermo Flores Avendaño, Acting President (1957–1958)
- Miguel Ydígoras Fuentes, President (1958–1963)
- Enrique Peralta Azurdia, President (1963–1966)
- Julio César Méndez Montenegro, President (1966–1970)
- Carlos Manuel Arana Osorio, President (1970–1974)
- Kjell Eugenio Laugerud García, President (1974–1978)
- Fernando Romeo Lucas García, President (1978–1982)
- Efraín Ríos Montt, President (1982–1983)
- Óscar Humberto Mejía Victores, President (1983–1986)
- Vinicio Cerezo, President (1986–1991)
- Jorge Serrano Elías, President (1991–1993)
- Gustavo Adolfo Espina Salguero, President (1993)
- Ramiro de León Carpio, President (1993–1996)
- Álvaro Arzú, President (1996–2000)
- Alfonso Portillo, President (2000–2004)
Honduras
- Juan Manuel Gálvez, President (1949–1954)
- Julio Lozano Díaz, President (1954–1956)
- Military Government Council, President (1956–1957)
- Ramón Villeda Morales, President (1957–1963)
- Oswaldo López Arellano, President (1963–1971)
- Ramón Ernesto Cruz Uclés, President (1971–1972)
- Oswaldo López Arellano, President (1972–1975)
- Juan Alberto Melgar Castro, President (1975–1978)
- Policarpo Paz García, Provisional President (1978–1982)
- Roberto Suazo Córdova, President (1982–1986)
- José Azcona del Hoyo, President (1986–1990)
- Rafael Leonardo Callejas Romero, President (1990–1994)
- Carlos Roberto Reina, President (1994–1998)
- Carlos Roberto Flores, President (1998–2002)
Nicaragua
- Anastasio Somoza García, President (1950–1956)
- Luis Somoza Debayle, President (1956–1963)
- René Schick, President (1963–1966)
- Orlando Montenegro Medrano, Acting President (1966)
- Lorenzo Guerrero, President (1966–1967)
- Anastasio Somoza Debayle, President (1967–1972)
- Liberal-Conservative Junta, President (1972–1974)
- Anastasio Somoza Debayle, President (1974–1979)
- Francisco Urcuyo, Acting President (1979)
- Junta of National Reconstruction: Daniel Ortega, Coordinator (1979–1985)
- Daniel Ortega, President (1985–1990)
- Violeta Chamorro, President (1990–1997)
- Arnoldo Alemán, President (1997–2002)
Panama
-
- Arnulfo Arias, President (1949–1951)
- Alcibíades Arosemena, President (1951–1952)
- José Antonio Remón Cantera, President (1952–1955)
- José Ramón Guizado, President (1955)
- Ricardo Arias, President (1955–1956)
- Ernesto de la Guardia, President (1956–1960)
- Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón, President (1960–1964)
- Marco Aurelio Robles, President (1964–1968)
- Arnulfo Arias, President (1968)
- José María Pinilla Fábrega, Bolívar Urrutia Parrilla, Military junta/ Presidents (1968–1969)
- Demetrio B. Lakas, President (1969–1978)
- Aristides Royo, President (1978–1982)
- Ricardo de la Espriella, President (1982–1984)
- Jorge Illueca, President (1984)
- Nicolás Ardito Barletta Vallarino, President (1984–1985)
- Eric Arturo Delvalle, Acting President (1985–1988)
- Manuel Solís Palma, Acting President (1988–1989)
- Francisco Rodríguez, Provisional President (1989)
- Guillermo Endara, President (1989–1994)
- Ernesto Pérez Balladares, President (1994–1999)
- Mireya Moscoso, President (1999–2004)
- Military leaders: de facto Heads of state (1968–1989)
Americas: North
Canada
-
- Louis St. Laurent, Prime minister (1948–1957)
- John Diefenbaker, Prime minister (1957–1963)
- Lester B. Pearson, Prime minister (1963–1968)
- Pierre Trudeau, Prime minister (1968–1979)
- Joe Clark, Prime minister (1979–1980)
- Pierre Trudeau, Prime minister (1980–1984)
- John Turner, Prime minister (1984)
- Brian Mulroney, Prime minister (1984–1993)
- Kim Campbell, Prime minister (1993)
- Jean Chrétien, Prime minister (1993–2003)
Mexico
- Miguel Alemán Valdés, President (1946–1952)
- Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, President (1952–1958)
- Adolfo López Mateos, President (1958–1964)
- Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, President (1964–1970)
- Luis Echeverría, President (1970–1976)
- José López Portillo, President (1976–1982)
- Miguel de la Madrid, President (1982–1988)
- Carlos Salinas de Gortari, President (1988–1994)
- Ernesto Zedillo, President (1994–2000)
- Vicente Fox, President (2000–2006)
United States
- Harry S. Truman, President (1945–1953)
- Dwight D. Eisenhower, President (1953–1961)
- John F. Kennedy, President (1961–1963)
- Lyndon B. Johnson, President (1963–1969)
- Richard Nixon, President (1969–1974)
- Gerald Ford, President (1974–1977)
- Jimmy Carter, President (1977–1981)
- Ronald Reagan, President (1981–1989)
- George H. W. Bush, President (1989–1993)
- Bill Clinton, President (1993–2001)
Americas: South
Argentina
- Juan Perón, President (1946–1955)
- Eduardo Lonardi, de facto President (1955)
- Pedro Eugenio Aramburu, de facto President (1955–1958)
- Arturo Frondizi, President (1958–1962)
- José María Guido, Interim President (1962–1963)
- Arturo Umberto Illia, President (1963–1966)
- Military Junta, (1966)
- Juan Carlos Onganía, de facto President (1966–1970)
- Military Junta, (1970)
- Roberto M. Levingston, de facto President (1970–1971)
- Alejandro A. Lanusse, de facto President (1971–1973)
- Héctor José Cámpora, President (1973)
- Raúl Alberto Lastiri, Interim President (1973)
- Juan Perón, President (1973–1974)
- Isabel Perón, President (1974–1976)
- Jorge Rafael Videla, President of the Military Junta (1976–1981)
- Roberto Eduardo Viola, President of the Military Junta (1981)
- Horacio Tomás Liendo, de facto Acting President (1981)
- Carlos Alberto Lacoste, de facto Interim President (1981)
- Leopoldo Galtieri, de facto President of the Military Junta (1981–1982)
- Alfredo Oscar Saint-Jean, de facto Interim President (1982)
- Reynaldo Bignone, de facto President (1982–1983)
- Raúl Alfonsín, President (1983–1989)
- Carlos Menem, President (1989–1999)
- Fernando de la Rúa, President (1999–2001)
Bolivia
- Mamerto Urriolagoitía, President (1949–1951)
- Hugo Ballivián, Chairman of the Military Junta (1951–1952)
- Hernán Siles Zuazo, Provisional President (1952)
- Víctor Paz Estenssoro, President (1952–1956)
- Hernán Siles Zuazo, President (1956–1960)
- Víctor Paz Estenssoro, President (1960–1964)
- René Barrientos, Chairman of the Military Junta (1964–1965)
- René Barrientos and Alfredo Ovando Candía, Co-Chairmen of the Military Junta (1965–1966)
- Alfredo Ovando Candía, Chairman of the Military Junta (1966)
- René Barrientos, President (1966–1969)
- Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas, President (1969)
- Alfredo Ovando Candía, President (1969–1970)
- Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 1970, Members: Efraín Guachalla Ibáñez, Fernando Sattori Ribera, Alberto Albarracín Crespo (1970)
- Juan José Torres, President (1970–1971)
- Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 1971, Members: Andrés Selich Chop (Chairmen), Hugo Banzer, Jaime Florentino Mendieta (1971)
- Hugo Banzer, President (1971–1978)
- Víctor González Fuentes, Chairman of the Military Junta (1978)
- Juan Pereda, President (1978)
- David Padilla, Chairman of the Military Junta (1978–1979)
- Wálter Guevara, Acting President (1979)
- Alberto Natusch, President (1979)
- Lidia Gueiler Tejada, Acting President (1979–1980)
- Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 1980, Members: Luis García Meza Tejada, Waldo Bernal Pereira, Ramiro Terrazas Rodríguez (1980)
- Luis García Meza Tejada, President (1980–1981)
- Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 1981, Members: Waldo Bernal Pereira, Celso Torrelio, Óscar Jaime Pammo (1981)
- Celso Torrelio, President (1981–1982)
- Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces 1982, Members: Natalio Morales Mosquera, Óscar Jaime Pammo, Ángel Mariscal Gómez (1982)
- Guido Vildoso, President (1982)
- Hernán Siles Zuazo, President (1982–1985)
- Víctor Paz Estenssoro, President (1985–1989)
- Jaime Paz Zamora, President (1989–1993)
- Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada, President (1993–1997)
- Hugo Banzer, President (1997–2001)
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
- Laureano Gómez Castro, President (1950–1953)
- Gustavo Rojas Pinilla, President (1953–1957)
- Military Junta (1957–1958)
- Alberto Lleras Camargo, President (1958–1962)
- Guillermo León Valencia, President (1962–1966)
- Carlos Lleras Restrepo, President (1966–1970)
- Misael Pastrana Borrero, President (1970–1974)
- Alfonso López Michelsen, President (1974–1978)
- Julio César Turbay Ayala, President (1978–1982)
- Belisario Betancur Cuartas, President (1982–1986)
- Virgilio Barco Vargas, President (1986–1990)
- César Gaviria Trujillo, President (1990–1994)
- Ernesto Samper Pizano, President (1994–1998)
- Andrés Pastrana Arango, President (1998–2002)
Ecuador
- Galo Plaza, President (1948–1952)
- José María Velasco Ibarra, President (1952–1956)
- Camilo Ponce Enríquez, President (1956–1960)
- José María Velasco Ibarra, President (1960–1961)
- C.J. Arosemena Monroy, President (1961–1963)
- Military Junta, Members: Ramón Castro Jijón, Luis Cabrera Sevilla, Guillermo Freile Posso, Marcos Gándara (1963–1966)
- Clemente Yerovi, Acting President (1966)
- Otto Arosemena, Interim President (1966–1967), Constitutional President (1967–1968)
- José María Velasco Ibarra, President (1968–1970), Jéfe Supremo (1970–1972)
- Guillermo Rodríguez Lara, de facto President (1972–1976)
- Supreme Government Council, Alfredo Poveda, Guillermo Durán, Luis Leoro Franco (1976–1979)
- Jaime Roldós Aguilera, President (1979–1981)
- Osvaldo Hurtado, President (1981–1984)
- León Febres Cordero, President (1984–1988)
- Rodrigo Borja Cevallos, President (1988–1992)
- Sixto Durán Ballén, President (1992–1996)
- Abdalá Bucaram, President (1996–1997)
- Fabián Alarcón, Interim President (1997)
- Rosalía Arteaga, Acting President (1997)
- Fabián Alarcón, Interim President (1997–1998)
- Jamil Mahuad, President (1998–2000)
- Gustavo Noboa, President (2000–2003)
Guyana
- British colony, 1814–1966
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
- Co-operative Republic of Guyana
Netherlands
- Dutch colony 1634–1828, 1845–1954
- For details see the Netherlands under western Europe
Saint Kitts and Nevis
- British colony, 1882–1983
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
- Dutch colony 1667–1954
- For details see the Netherlands under western Europe
Uruguay
- Luis Batlle Berres, President (1947–1951)
- Andrés Martínez Trueba, President (1951–1955)
- Luis Batlle Berres, President (National Council of Government) (1955–1956)
- Alberto Fermín Zubiría, President (National Council of Government) (1956–1957)
- Arturo Lezama , President (National Council of Government) (1957–1958)
- Carlos Fischer, President (National Council of Government) (1958–1959)
- Martín Echegoyen, President (National Council of Government) (1959–1960)
- Benito Nardone, President (National Council of Government) (1960–1961)
- Eduardo Víctor Haedo, President (National Council of Government) (1961–1962)
- Faustino Harrison, President (National Council of Government) (1962–1963)
- Daniel Fernández Crespo, President (National Council of Government) (1963–1964)
- Luis Giannattasio, President (National Council of Government) (1964–1965)
- Washington Beltrán, President (National Council of Government) (1965–1966)
- Alberto Héber Usher, President (National Council of Government) (1966–1967)
- Óscar Diego Gestido, President (1967)
- Jorge Pacheco Areco, President (1967–1972)
- Juan María Bordaberry, President (1972–1976)
Venezuela
- Marcos Pérez Jiménez, Provisional President (1952–1953), President (1953–1958)
- Wolfgang Larrazábal, President (1958)
- Edgar Sanabria, Interim President (1958–1959)
- Rómulo Betancourt, President (1959–1964)
- Raúl Leoni, President (1964–1969)
- Rafael Caldera, President (1969–1974)
- Carlos Andrés Pérez, President (1974–1979)
- Luis Herrera Campins, President (1979–1984)
- Jaime Lusinchi, President (1984–1989)
- Carlos Andrés Pérez, President (1989–1993)
- Octavio Lepage, Acting President (1993)
- Ramón José Velásquez, Interim President (1993–1994)
- Rafael Caldera, President (1994–1999)
Asia
Asia: Central
-
- Nasirdin Isanov, Prime minister (1991)
- Andrei Iordan, Acting Prime minister (1991–1992)
- Tursunbek Chyngyshev, Prime minister (1992–1993)
- Almanbet Matubraimov, Acting Prime minister (1993)
- Apas Jumagulov, Prime minister (1993–1998)
- Kubanychbek Jumaliyev, Acting Prime minister (1998)
- Boris Silayev, Acting Prime minister (1998)
- Jumabek Ibraimov, Prime minister (1998–1999)
- Boris Silayev, Acting Prime minister (1999)
- Amangeldy Muraliyev, Prime minister (1999–2000)
- Kurmanbek Bakiyev, Prime minister (2000–2002)
Asia: East
-
- Chen Cheng, Premier (1950–1954)
- Yu Hung-Chun, Premier (1954–1958)
- Chen Cheng, Premier (1958–1963)
- Wang Yun-wu, Acting Premier (1963)
- Chen Cheng, Premier (1963)
- Yen Chia-kan, Premier (1963–1972)
- Chiang Ching-kuo, Premier (1972–1978)
- Hsu Ching-chung, Acting Premier (1978)
- Sun Yun-suan, Premier (1978–1984)
- Yu Kuo-hwa, Premier (1984–1989)
- Lee Huan, Premier (1989–1990)
- Hau Pei-tsun, Premier (1990–1993)
- Lien Chan, Premier (1993–1997)
- Vincent Siew, Premier (1997–2000)
- Tang Fei, Premier (2000)
- Chang Chun-hsiung, Premier (2000–2002)
- People's Republic of China
-
- Mao Zedong, Chairman (1945–1976), Paramount Leader (1949–1976)
- Hua Guofeng, Chairman (1976–1981), Paramount Leader (1976–1978)
- Deng Xiaoping, Paramount Leader (1978–1989)
- Hu Yaobang, Chairman (1981–1982), General Secretary (1982–1987)
- Zhao Ziyang, General Secretary (1987–1989)
- Jiang Zemin, General Secretary (1989–2002), Paramount Leader (1989–2002)
- Mao Zedong, Chairman (1949–1959)
- Liu Shaoqi, President (1959–1968)
- Soong Ching-ling, Acting President (1968–1972)
- Dong Biwu, Acting President (1968–1975)
- Zhu De, NPC Standing Committee Chairman (1975–1976)
- Soong Ching-ling, Acting NPC Standing Committee Chairwoman (1976–1978)
- Ye Jianying, NPC Standing Committee Chairman (1978–1983)
- Li Xiannian, President (1983–1988)
- Yang Shangkun, President (1988–1993)
- Jiang Zemin, President (1993–2003)
-
- Ichirō Hatoyama, Prime minister (1954–1955)
- Tanzan Ishibashi, Prime minister (1956–1957)
- Nobusuke Kishi, Prime minister (1957–1958)
- Hayato Ikeda, Prime minister (1960)
- Eisaku Satō, Prime minister (1964–1967)
- Kakuei Tanaka, Prime minister (1972)
- Takeo Miki, Prime minister (1974–1976)
- Takeo Fukuda, Prime minister (1976–1978)
- Masayoshi Ōhira, Prime minister (1978–1979)
- Masayoshi Ito, Acting Prime minister (1979)
- Zenko Suzuki, Prime minister (1980–1982)
- Yasuhiro Nakasone, Prime minister (1982–1983)
- Noboru Takeshita, Prime minister (1987–1989)
- Sōsuke Uno, Prime minister (1989)
- Toshiki Kaifu, Prime minister (1989–1990)
- Kiichi Miyazawa, Prime minister (1991–1993)
- Morihiro Hosokawa, Prime minister (1993–1994)
- Tsutomu Hata, Prime minister (1994)
- Tomiichi Murayama, Prime minister (1994–1996)
- Ryutaro Hashimoto, Prime minister (1996)
- Keizō Obuchi, Prime minister (1998–2000)
- Mikio Aoki, Acting Prime minister (2000)
- Yoshirō Mori, Prime minister (2000–2001)
-
- Chang Myon, Prime minister (1950–1952)
- Heo Jeong, Acting Prime minister (1952)
- Yi Yun-yong, Acting Prime minister (1952)
- Chang Taek-sang, Prime minister (1952)
- Paik Too-chin, Acting Prime minister (1952–1953), Prime minister (1953–1954)
- Pyon Yong-tae, Prime minister (1954)
- Paek Han-song, Acting Prime minister (1954)
- Ho Chong, Prime minister (1960)
- Chang Myon, Prime minister (1960–1961)
- Jang Do-young, Prime minister (1961)
- Song Yo-chan, Prime minister (1961–1962)
- Park Chung Hee, Prime minister (1962)
- Kim Hyun-chul, Prime minister (1962–1963)
- Choi Tu-son, Prime minister (1963–1964)
- Chung Il-kwon, Prime minister (1964–1970)
- Paik Too-chin, Prime minister (1970–1971)
- Kim Jong-pil, Prime minister (1971–1975)
- Choi Kyu-hah, Acting Prime minister (1975–1976), Prime minister (1976–1979)
- Shin Hyun-hwak, Prime minister (1979–1980)
- Pak Choong-hoon, Acting Prime minister (1980)
- Nam Duck-woo, Prime minister (1980–1982)
- Yoo Chang-soon, Prime minister (1982)
- Kim Sang-hyup, Prime minister (1982–1983)
- Chin Iee-chong, Prime minister (1983–1984)
- Shin Byung-hyun, Acting Prime minister (1984–1985)
- Lho Shin-yong, Prime minister (1985–1987)
- Lee Han-key, Acting Prime minister (1987)
- Kim Chung-yul, Prime minister (1987–1988)
- Lee Hyun-jae, Prime minister (1988)
- Kang Young-hoon, Prime minister (1988–1990)
- Ro Jai-bong, Acting Prime minister (1990–1991), Prime minister (1991)
- Chung Won-shik, Prime minister (1991–1992)
- Hyun Soong-jong, Prime minister (1992–1993)
- Hwang In-sung, Prime minister (1993)
- Lee Hoi-chang, Prime minister (1993–1994)
- Lee Yung-dug, Prime minister (1994)
- Lee Hong-koo, Prime minister (1994–1995)
- Lee Soo-sung, Prime minister (1995–1997)
- Goh Kun, Prime minister (1997–1998)
- Kim Jong-pil, Prime minister (1998–2000)
- Park Tae-joon, Prime minister (2000)
- Lee Han-dong, Prime minister (2000–2002)
-
- Gonchigiin Bumtsend, Chairman (1940–1953)
- Sükhbaataryn Yanjmaa, Acting Chairwoman (1953–1954)
- Jamsrangiin Sambuu, Chairman (1954–1972)
- Tsagaanlamyn Dügersüren, Acting Chairman (1972)
- Sonomyn Luvsan, Acting Chairman (1972–1974)
- Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, Chairman (1974–1984)
- Nyamyn Jagvaral, Acting Chairman (1984)
- Jambyn Batmönkh, Chairman (1984–1990)
- Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat, Chairman (1990–1992), President (1990–1992)
Asia: Southeast
Brunei
- British protectorate, 1888–1984
Cambodia
-
- Penn Nouth, Prime minister (1953)
- Chan Nak, Prime minister (1953–1954)
- Penn Nouth, Prime minister (1954–1955)
- Leng Ngeth, Prime minister (1955)
- Oum Chheang Sun, Prime minister (1956)
- Khim Tit, Prime minister (1956)
- Sam Yun, Prime minister (1956–1957)
- Sim Var, Prime minister (1957–1958)
- Ek Yi Oun, Prime minister (1958)
- Pho Proeung, Prime minister (1960–1961)
- Penn Nouth, Prime minister (1961)
- Nhiek Tioulong, Prime minister (1962)
- Chau Sen Cocsal Chhum, Prime minister (1962)
- Norodom Kantol, Prime minister (1962–1966)
- Lon Nol, Prime minister (1966–1967)
- Son Sann, Prime minister (1967–1968)
- Penn Nouth, Prime minister (1968–1969)
- Lon Nol, Prime minister (1969–1970)
-
- Pol Pot, General Secretary (1963–1981)
-
- Heng Samrin, Chairman of the Revolutionary Council (1979–1981), Chairman of the State Council (1981–1992)
East Timor
Indonesia
- Suharto, Acting President (1967–1968), President (1968–1998)
Laos
-
- Phoui Sananikone, Prime minister (1950–1951)
- Savang Vatthana, Prime minister (1951)
- Souvanna Phouma, Prime minister (1951–1954)
- Katay Don Sasorith, Prime minister (1954–1956)
- Souvanna Phouma, Prime minister (1956–1958)
- Phoui Sananikone, Prime minister (1958–1959)
- Sounthone Pathammavong, Prime minister (1959–1960)
- Kou Abhay, Prime minister (1960)
- Somsanith Vongkotrattana, Prime minister (1960)
- Souvanna Phouma, Prime minister (1960)
- Boun Oum, Prime minister (1960–1962)
- Souvanna Phouma, Prime minister (1962–1975)
Malaysia
-
- Abdul Rahman of Negeri Sembilan, Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1957–1960)
- Hisamuddin of Selangor, Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1960)
- Putra of Perlis, Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1960–1965)
- Ismail Nasiruddin of Terengganu, Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1965–1970)
- Abdul Halim of Kedah, Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1970–1975)
- Yahya Petra of Kelantan, Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1975–1979)
- Ahmad Shah of Pahang, Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1979–1984)
- Iskandar of Johor, Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1984–1989)
- Azlan Shah of Perak, Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1989–1994)
- Jaafar of Negeri Sembilan, Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1994–1999)
- Salahuddin of Selangor, Yang di-Pertuan Agong (1999–2001)
Myanmar / Burma
-
- U Nu, Prime minister (1948–1956)
- Ba Swe, Prime minister (1956–1957)
- U Nu, Prime minister (1957–1958)
- Ne Win, Prime minister (1958–1960)
- U Nu, Prime minister (1960–1962)
- Ne Win, Prime minister (1962–1974)
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
-
- Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Prime minister (1948–1957)
- Pote Sarasin, Prime minister (1957–1958)
- Thanom Kittikachorn, Prime minister (1958)
- Sarit Thanarat, Prime minister (1957, 1958–1963)
- Thanom Kittikachorn, Prime minister (1963–1973)
- Sanya Dharmasakti, Prime minister (1973–1975)
- Seni Pramoj, Prime minister (1975)
- Kukrit Pramoj, Prime minister (1975–1976)
- Seni Pramoj, Prime minister (1976)
- Thanin Kraivichien, Prime minister (1976–1977)
- Kriangsak Chamanan, Prime minister (1977–1980)
- Prem Tinsulanonda, Prime minister (1980–1988)
- Chatichai Choonhavan, Prime minister (1988–1991)
- Anand Panyarachun, Prime minister (1991–1992)
- Suchinda Kraprayoon, Prime minister (1992)
- Meechai Ruchuphan, Acting Prime minister (1992)
- Anand Panyarachun, Prime minister (1992)
- Chuan Leekpai, Prime minister (1992–1995)
- Banharn Silpa-archa, Prime minister (1995–1996)
- Chavalit Yongchaiyudh, Prime minister (1996–1997)
- Chuan Leekpai, Prime minister (1997–2001)
Vietnam
-
- Ngo Dinh Diem, President (1955–1963)
- Dương Văn Minh, President (1963–1964)
- Nguyễn Khánh, President (1964)
- Dương Văn Minh, President (1964)
- Nguyễn Khánh, President (1964)
- Dương Văn Minh, President (1964)
- Phan Khắc Sửu, President (1964–1965)
- Nguyễn Văn Thiệu, President (1965–1975)
- Trần Văn Hương, Acting President (1975)
- Dương Văn Minh, Acting President (1975)
- Nguyễn Ngọc Thơ, Prime minister (1963–1964)
- Nguyễn Khánh, Prime minister (1964)
- Nguyễn Xuân Oánh, Acting Prime minister (1964)
- Nguyễn Khánh, Prime minister (1964)
- Trần Văn Hương, Prime minister (1964–1965)
- Nguyễn Xuân Oánh, Acting Prime minister (1965)
- Phan Huy Quát, Prime minister (1965)
- Nguyễn Cao Kỳ, Prime minister (1965–1967)
- Nguyễn Văn Lộc, Prime minister (1967–1968)
- Trần Văn Hương, Prime minister (1968–1969)
- Trần Thiện Khiêm, Prime minister (1969–1975)
- Nguyễn Bá Cẩn, Prime minister (1975)
- Vũ Văn Mẫu, Prime minister (1975)
- Socialist Republic of Vietnam (1976–present)
-
- Phạm Văn Đồng, Prime minister (1976–1981), Chairmen of the Council of ministers (1981–1987)
- Phạm Hùng, Chairmen of the Council of ministers (1987–1988)
- Võ Văn Kiệt, Acting Chairmen of the Council of ministers (1988)
- Đỗ Mười, Chairmen of the Council of ministers (1988–1991)
- Võ Văn Kiệt, Chairmen of the Council of ministers (1991–1992), Prime minister (1992–1997)
- Phan Văn Khải, Prime minister (1997–2006)
Asia: South
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
-
- Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, President (1971–1972)
- Syed Nazrul Islam, Acting President (1971–1972)
- Abu Sayeed Chowdhury, President (1972–1973)
- Mohammad Mohammadullah, Acting President (1973–1974), President (1974–1975)
- Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, President (1975)
- Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad, President (1975)
- Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem, President (1975–1977)
- Ziaur Rahman, President (1977–1981)
- Abdus Sattar, President (1981–1982)
- Hussain Muhammad Ershad, President (1982)
- A. F. M. Ahsanuddin Chowdhury, President (1982–1983)
- Hussain Muhammad Ershad, President (1983–1990)
- Shahabuddin Ahmed, Interim President (1990–1991)
- Abdur Rahman Biswas, President (1991–1996)
- Shahabuddin Ahmed, President (1996–2001)
- Tajuddin Ahmad, Prime minister (1971–1972)
- Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Prime minister (1972–1975)
- Muhammad Mansur Ali, Prime minister (1975)
- Mashiur Rahman, Prime minister (1978–1979)
- Shah Azizur Rahman, Prime minister (1979–1982)
- Ataur Rahman Khan, Prime minister (1984–1986)
- Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury, Prime minister (1986–1988)
- Moudud Ahmed, Prime minister (1988–1989)
- Kazi Zafar Ahmed, Prime minister (1989–1990)
- Khaleda Zia, Prime minister (1991–1996)
- Muhammad Habibur Rahman, Prime minister (1996)
- Sheikh Hasina, Prime minister (1996–2001)
Bhutan
India
-
- Rajendra Prasad, President (1950–1962)
- Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, President (1962–1967)
- Zakir Husain, President (1967–1969)
- V. V. Giri, Acting President (1969)
- Mohammad Hidayatullah, Acting President (1969)
- V. V. Giri, President (1969–1974)
- Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, President (1974–1977)
- B. D. Jatti, Acting President (1977)
- Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, President (1977–1982)
- Zail Singh, President (1982–1987)
- R. Venkataraman, President (1987–1992)
- Shankar Dayal Sharma, President (1992–1997)
- K. R. Narayanan, President (1997–2002)
- Jawaharlal Nehru, Prime minister (1947–1964)
- Gulzarilal Nanda, Acting Prime minister (1964)
- Lal Bahadur Shastri, Prime minister (1964–1966)
- Gulzarilal Nanda, Acting Prime minister (1966)
- Indira Gandhi, Prime minister (1966–1977)
- Morarji Desai, Prime minister (1977–1979)
- Charan Singh, Prime minister (1979–1980)
- Indira Gandhi, Prime minister (1980–1984)
- Rajiv Gandhi, Prime minister (1984–1989)
- V. P. Singh, Prime minister (1989–1990)
- Chandra Shekhar, Prime minister (1990–1991)
- P. V. Narasimha Rao, Prime minister (1991–1996)
- Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Prime minister (1996)
- H. D. Deve Gowda, Prime minister (1996–1997)
- I. K. Gujral, Prime minister (1997–1998)
- Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Prime minister (1998–2004)
Maldives
Nepal
-
- Mohan Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana, Prime minister (1948–1951)
- Matrika Prasad Koirala, Prime minister (1951–1952)
- Matrika Prasad Koirala, Prime minister (1953–1955)
- Tanka Prasad Acharya, Prime minister (1956–1957)
- Kunwar Inderjit Singh, Prime minister (1957–1958)
- Subarna Shamsher Rana, Prime minister (1958–1959)
- Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala, Prime minister (1959–1960)
- Tulsi Giri, Prime minister (1960–1963)
- Surya Bahadur Thapa, Prime minister (1963–1964)
- Tulsi Giri, Prime minister (1964–1965)
- Surya Bahadur Thapa, Prime minister (1965–1969)
- Kirti Nidhi Bista, Prime minister (1969–1970)
- Gehendra Bahadur Rajbhandari, Acting Prime minister (1970–1971)
- Kirti Nidhi Bista, Prime minister (1971–1973)
- Nagendra Prasad Rijal, Prime minister (1973–1975)
- Tulsi Giri, Prime minister (1975–1977)
- Kirti Nidhi Bista, Prime minister (1977–1979)
- Surya Bahadur Thapa, Prime minister (1979–1983)
- Lokendra Bahadur Chand, Prime minister (1983–1986)
- Nagendra Prasad Rijal, Prime minister (1986)
- Marich Man Singh Shrestha, Prime minister (1986–1990)
- Lokendra Bahadur Chand, Prime minister (1990)
- Krishna Prasad Bhattarai, Prime minister (1990–1991)
- Girija Prasad Koirala, Prime minister (1991–1994)
- Man Mohan Adhikari, Prime minister (1994–1995)
- Sher Bahadur Deuba, Prime minister (1995–1997)
- Lokendra Bahadur Chand, Prime minister (1997)
- Surya Bahadur Thapa, Prime minister (1997–1998)
- Girija Prasad Koirala, Prime minister (1998–1999)
- Krishna Prasad Bhattarai, Prime minister (1999–2000)
- Girija Prasad Koirala, Prime minister (2000–2001)
Pakistan
-
- Iskander Mirza, President (1956–1958)
- Ayub Khan, President (1958–1969)
- Yahya Khan, President (1969–1971)
- Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, President (1971–1973)
- Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry, President (1973–1978)
- Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, President (1978–1988)
- Ghulam Ishaq Khan, President (1988–1993)
- Wasim Sajjad, Acting President (1993)
- Farooq Leghari, President (1993–1997)
- Wasim Sajjad, Acting President (1997)
- Muhammad Rafiq Tarar, President (1997–2001)
- Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy, Prime minister (1956–1957)
- Ibrahim Ismail Chundrigar, Prime minister (1957)
- Feroz Khan Noon, Prime minister (1957–1958)
- Nurul Amin, Prime minister (1971)
- Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Prime minister (1973–1977)
- Muhammad Khan Junejo, Prime minister (1985–1988)
- Benazir Bhutto, Prime minister (1988–1990)
- Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi, Acting Prime minister (1990)
- Nawaz Sharif, Prime minister (1990–1993)
- Balakh Sher Mazari, Acting Prime minister (1993)
- Nawaz Sharif, Prime minister (1993)
- Moeenuddin Ahmad Qureshi, Acting Prime minister (1993)
- Benazir Bhutto, Prime minister (1993–1996)
- Malik Meraj Khalid, Acting Prime minister (1996–1997)
- Nawaz Sharif, Prime minister (1997–1999)
Sri Lanka
Asia: West
Bahrain
- Protectorate of the United Kingdom, 1861–1971
Cyprus
- Colony, 1878–1960
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Iran
Iraq
-
- Nuri al-Said, Prime minister (1930–1932, 1938–1940, 1941–1944, 1946–1947, 1949, 1950–1952, 1954–1957, 1958)
- Mustafa Mahmud al-Umari, Prime minister (1952–1953)
- Nureddin Mahmud, Prime minister (1952–1953)
- Jameel Al-Madfaai, Prime minister (1933–1934, 1935, 1937–1938, 1941, 1953)
- Muhammad Fadhel al-Jamali, Prime minister (1953–1954)
- Arshad al-Umari, Prime minister (1946, 1954)
- Ali Jawdat Al-Ayyubi, Prime minister (1934–1935, 1949–1950, 1957)
- Abdul-Wahab Mirjan, Prime minister (1957–1958)
- Ahmad Mukhtar Baban, Prime minister (1958)
Israel
-
- David Ben-Gurion, Prime minister (1948–1953)
- Moshe Sharett, Prime minister (1953–1955)
- David Ben-Gurion, Prime minister (1955–1963)
- Levi Eshkol, Prime minister (1963–1969)
- Yigal Allon, Acting Prime minister (1969)
- Golda Meir, Prime minister (1969–1974)
- Yitzhak Rabin, Prime minister (1974–1977)
- Menachem Begin, Prime minister (1977–1983)
- Yitzhak Shamir, Prime minister (1983–1984)
- Shimon Peres, Prime minister (1984–1986)
- Yitzhak Shamir, Prime minister (1986–1992)
- Yitzhak Rabin, Prime minister (1992–1995)
- Shimon Peres, Prime minister (1995–1996)
- Benjamin Netanyahu, Prime minister (1996–1999)
- Ehud Barak, Prime minister (1999–2001)
Jordan
-
- Samir al-Rifai, Prime minister (1950–1951)
- Tawfik Abu al-Huda, Prime minister (1951–1953)
- Fawzi al-Mulki, Prime minister (1953–1954)
- Tawfik Abu al-Huda, Prime minister (1954–1955)
- Sa`id al-Mufti, Prime minister (1955)
- Hazza' al-Majali, Prime minister (1955)
- Ibrahim Hashem, Acting Prime minister (1955–1956)
- Samir al-Rifai, Prime minister (1956)
- Sa`id al-Mufti, Prime minister (1956)
- Ibrahim Hashem, Prime minister (1956)
- Sulayman al-Nabulsi, Prime minister (1956–1957)
- Husayin al-Khalidi, Prime minister (1957)
- Ibrahim Hashem, Prime minister (1957–1958)
- Samir al-Rifai, Prime minister (1958–1959)
- Hazza' al-Majali, Prime minister (1959–1960)
- Bahjat Talhouni, Prime minister (1960–1962)
- Wasfi al-Tal, Prime minister (1962–1963)
- Samir al-Rifai, Prime minister (1963)
- Hussein ibn Nasser, Prime minister (1963–1964)
- Bahjat Talhouni, Prime minister (1964–1965)
- Wasfi al-Tal, Prime minister (1965–1967)
- Hussein ibn Nasser, Prime minister (1967)
- Saad Jumaa, Prime minister (1967)
- Bahjat Talhouni, Prime minister (1967–1969)
- Abdelmunim al-Rifai, Prime minister (1969)
- Bahjat Talhouni, Prime minister (1969–1970)
- Abdelmunim al-Rifai, Prime minister (1970)
- Mohammad Daoud Al-Abbasi, Prime minister (1970)
- Ahmad Toukan, Prime minister (1970)
- Wasfi al-Tal, Prime minister (1970–1971)
- Ahmad Lozi, Prime minister (1971–1973)
- Zaid al-Rifai, Prime minister (1973–1976)
- Mudar Badran, Prime minister (1976–1979)
- Abdelhamid Sharaf, Prime minister (1979–1980)
- Kassim al-Rimawi, Prime minister (1980)
- Mudar Badran, Prime minister (1980–1984)
- Ahmad Obeidat, Prime minister (1984–1985)
- Zaid al-Rifai, Prime minister (1985–1989)
- Zaid ibn Shaker, Prime minister (1989)
- Mudar Badran, Prime minister (1989–1991)
- Taher al-Masri, Prime minister (1991)
- Zaid ibn Shaker, Prime minister (1991–1993)
- Abdelsalam al-Majali, Prime minister (1993–1995)
- Zaid ibn Shaker, Prime minister (1995–1996)
- Abdul Karim al-Kabariti, Prime minister (1996–1997)
- Abdelsalam al-Majali, Prime minister (1997–1998)
- Fayez al-Tarawneh, Prime minister (1998–1999)
- Abdelraouf al-Rawabdeh, Prime minister (1999–2000)
- Ali Abu al-Ragheb, Prime minister (2000–2003)
Kuwait
Lebanon
-
- Bechara El Khoury, President (1943–1952)
- Fuad Chehab, Acting President (1952)
- Camille Chamoun, President (1952–1958)
- Fuad Chehab, President (1958–1964)
- Charles Helou, President (1964–1970)
- Suleiman Frangieh, President (1970–1976)
- Elias Sarkis, President (1976–1982)
- Amine Gemayel, President (1982–1988)
- Selim Hoss, Acting President, Disputed (1988–1989)
- Michel Aoun, Acting President, Disputed (1988–1990)
- René Moawad, President, Disputed (1989)
- Selim Hoss, Acting President (1989)
- Elias Hrawi, President (1989–1998)
- Émile Lahoud, President (1998–2007)
- Riad Al Solh, Prime minister (1946–1951)
- Hussein Al Oweini, Prime minister (1951)
- Abdallah El-Yafi, Prime minister (1951–1952)
- Sami as-Solh, Prime minister (1952)
- Nazem Akkari, Prime minister (1952)
- Saeb Salam, Prime minister (1952)
- Abdallah El-Yafi, Prime minister (1952)
- Khaled Chehab, Prime minister (1952–1953)
- Saeb Salam, Prime minister (1953)
- Abdallah El-Yafi, Prime minister (1953–1954)
- Sami as-Solh, Prime minister (1954–1955)
- Rashid Karami, Prime minister (1955–1956)
- Abdallah El-Yafi, Prime minister (1956)
- Sami as-Solh, Prime minister (1956–1958)
- Khalil al-Hibri, Prime minister (1958)
- Rashid Karami, Prime minister (1958–1960)
- Ahmad Daouk, Prime minister (1960)
- Saeb Salam, Prime minister (1960–1961)
- Rashid Karami, Prime minister (1961–1964)
- Hussein Al Oweini, Prime minister (1964–1965)
- Rashid Karami, Prime minister (1965–1966)
- Abdallah El-Yafi, Prime minister (1966)
- Rashid Karami, Prime minister (1966–1968)
- Abdallah El-Yafi, Prime minister (1968–1969)
- Rashid Karami, Prime minister (1969–1970)
- Saeb Salam, Prime minister (1970–1973)
- Amin al-Hafez, Prime minister (1973)
- Takieddin el-Solh, Prime minister (1973–1974)
- Rachid Solh, Prime minister (1974–1975)
- Nureddine Rifai, Prime minister (1975)
- Rashid Karami, Prime minister (1975–1976)
- Selim Hoss, Prime minister (1976–1980)
- Takieddin el-Solh, Prime minister (1980)
- Shafik Wazzan, Prime minister (1980–1984)
- Rashid Karami, Prime minister (1984–1987)
- Selim Hoss, Prime minister (1987–1990)
- Michel Aoun, Disputed Prime minister (1988–1990)
- Omar Karami, Prime minister (1990–1992)
- Rachid Solh, Prime minister (1992)
- Rafic Hariri, Prime minister (1992–1998)
- Selim Hoss, Prime minister (1998–2000)
- Rafic Hariri, Prime minister (2000–2004)
Oman
Palestine
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
- Ibn Saud, Emir (1902–1921), Sultan (1921–1932), King (1932–1953)
- Saud, King (1953–1964)
- Faisal, King (1964–1975)
- Khalid, King (1975–1982)
- Fahd, King (1982–2005)
Syria
-
- Nazim al-Kudsi, Prime minister (1950–1951)
- Khalid al-Azm, Prime minister (1951)
- Hassan al-Hakim, Prime minister (1951)
- Zaki al-Khatib, Prime minister (1951)
- Maarouf al-Dawalibi, Prime minister (1951)
- Fawzi Selu, Prime minister (1951–1953)
- Adib Shishakli, Prime minister (1953–1954)
- Sabri al-Asali, Prime minister (1954)
- Said al-Ghazzi, Prime minister (1954)
- Fares al-Khoury, Prime minister (1954–1955)
- Sabri al-Asali, Prime minister (1955)
- Said al-Ghazzi, Prime minister (1955–1956)
- Sabri al-Asali, Prime minister (1956–1958)
-
- Maamun al-Kuzbari, Acting President (1961)
- Izzat al-Nuss, Acting President (1961)
- Nazim al-Kudsi, President (1961–1963)
- Lu'ay al-Atassi, President (1963)
- Amin al-Hafiz, President (1963–1966)
- Nureddin al-Atassi, President (1966–1970)
- Ahmad al-Khatib, Acting President (1970–1971)
- Hafez al-Assad, President (1971–2000)
- Abdul Halim Khaddam, Acting President (2000)
- Bashar al-Assad, President (2000–present)
- Maamun al-Kuzbari, Prime minister (1961)
- Izzat al-Nuss, Prime minister (1961)
- Maarouf al-Dawalibi, Prime minister (1961–1962)
- Bashir al-Azma, Prime minister (1962)
- Khalid al-Azm, Prime minister (1962–1963)
- Salah al-Din al-Bitar, Prime minister (1963)
- Amin al-Hafiz, Prime minister (1963–1964)
- Salah al-Din al-Bitar, Prime minister (1964)
- Amin al-Hafiz, Prime minister (1964–1965)
- Yusuf Zuayyin, Prime minister (1965)
- Salah al-Din al-Bitar, Prime minister (1966)
- Yusuf Zuaiyin, Prime minister (1966–1968)
- Nureddin al-Atassi, Prime minister (1968–1970)
- Hafez al-Assad, Prime minister (1970–1971)
- Abdul Rahman Khleifawi, Prime minister (1971–1972)
- Mahmoud al-Ayyubi, Prime minister (1972–1976)
- Abdul Rahman Khleifawi, Prime minister (1976–1978)
- Muhammad Ali al-Halabi, Prime minister (1978–1980)
- Abdul Rauf al-Kasm, Prime minister (1980–1987)
- Mahmoud Zuabi, Prime minister (1987–2000)
- Muhammad Mustafa Mero, Prime minister (2000–2003)
Turkey
-
- Celâl Bayar, President (1950–1960)
- Cemal Gürsel, Chairman (1960–1961), President (1961–1966)
- Cevdet Sunay, President (1966–1973)
- Fahri Korutürk, President (1973–1980)
- Kenan Evren, Chairman (1980–1982), President (1982–1989)
- Turgut Özal, President (1989–1993)
- Süleyman Demirel, President (1993–2000)
- Ahmet Necdet Sezer, President (2000–2007)
- Adnan Menderes, Prime minister (1950–1960)
- Cemal Gürsel, Prime minister (1960–1961)
- Fahri Özdilek, Acting Prime minister (1961)
- İsmet İnönü, Prime minister (1961–1965)
- Suat Hayri Ürgüplü, Prime minister (1965)
- Süleyman Demirel, Prime minister (1965–1971)
- Nihat Erim, Prime minister (1971–1972)
- Ferit Melen, Prime minister (1972–1973)
- Naim Talu, Prime minister (1973–1974)
- Bülent Ecevit, Prime minister (1974)
- Sadi Irmak, Prime minister (1974–1975)
- Süleyman Demirel, Prime minister (1975–1977)
- Bülent Ecevit, Prime minister (1977)
- Süleyman Demirel, Prime minister (1977–1978)
- Bülent Ecevit, Prime minister (1978–1979)
- Süleyman Demirel, Prime minister (1979–1980)
- Bülent Ulusu, Prime minister (1980–1983)
- Turgut Özal, Prime minister (1983–1989)
- Ali Bozer, Acting Prime minister (1989)
- Yıldırım Akbulut, Prime minister (1989–1991)
- Mesut Yılmaz, Prime minister (1991)
- Süleyman Demirel, Prime minister (1991–1993)
- Erdal İnönü, Acting Prime minister (1993)
- Tansu Çiller, Prime minister (1993–1996)
- Mesut Yılmaz, Prime minister (1996)
- Necmettin Erbakan, Prime minister (1996–1997)
- Mesut Yılmaz, Prime minister (1997–1999)
- Bülent Ecevit, Prime minister (1999–2002)
United Arab Emirates
Yemen: North
-
- Abdullah al-Sallal, Prime minister (1962–1963)
- Abdul Latif Dayfallah, Prime minister (1963)
- Abdul Rahman al-Iryani, Prime minister (1963–1964)
- Hassan al-Amri, Prime minister (1964)
- Hamoud al-Gayifi, Prime minister (1964–1965)
- Hassan al-Amri, Prime minister (1965)
- Ahmad Muhammad Numan, Prime minister (1965)
- Abdullah al-Sallal, Prime minister (1965)
- Hassan al-Amri, Prime minister (1965–1966)
- Abdullah al-Sallal, Prime minister (1966–1967)
- Mohsin Ahmad al-Aini, Prime minister (1967)
- Hassan al-Amri, Prime minister (1967–1969)
- Abdul Salam Sabrah, Acting Prime minister (1969)
- Mohsin Ahmad al-Aini, Prime minister (1969)
- Abdullah Kurshumi, Prime minister (1969–1970)
- Mohsin Ahmad al-Aini, Prime minister (1970–1971)
- Abdul Salam Sabrah, Acting Prime minister (1971)
- Ahmad Muhammad Numan, Prime minister (1971)
- Hassan al-Amri, Prime minister (1971)
- Abdul Salam Sabrah, Acting Prime minister (1971)
- Mohsin Ahmad al-Aini, Prime minister (1971–1972)
- Kadhi Abdullah al-Hagri, Prime minister (1972–1974)
- Hassan Muhammad Makki, Prime minister (1974)
- Mohsin Ahmad al-Aini, Prime minister (1974–1975)
- Abdul Latif Dayfallah, Acting Prime minister (1975)
- Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani, Prime minister (1975–1980)
- Abd Al-Karim Al-Iryani, Prime minister (1980–1983)
- Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani, Prime minister (1983–1990)
Yemen: South
- Muhsin ibn Farid al-Yaslami al-'Awlaqi, Amir (1902–1959)
- 'Abd Allah ibn Muhsin al-Yaslami al-'Awlaqi, Amir (1959–1967)
- Nasir ibn 'Abd Allah al-Wahidi, Sultan (1948–1967)
- 'Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Sa`id al-Wahidi, Regent (1967)
- 'Awad ibn Salih al-'Awlaqi, Sultan (1935–1967)
- 'Ali ibn 'Ali al-'Amiri, Emir (1947–1954)
- Shafa`ul ibn 'Ali al-'Amiri, Emir (1954–1967)
- al-Husayn ibn 'Abd Allah al-Wahidi, Sultan (1962), Subordinate ruler (1962–1967)
- al-Husain ibn 'Ali al-Kathir, Sultan (1949–1967)
- Aydarus ibn Muhsin al-Afifi, ruler (1925–1958)
- Mahmud ibn Aydarus al-Afifi, ruler (1958–1967)
- Muhammad ibn Salih ibn 'Umar Al Harhara, Sultan (1948–1967)
- al-Fadl V ibn 'Abd al-Karim al-'Abdali, Sultan (1947–1952)
- 'Ali III ibn 'Abd al-Karim al-'Abdali, Sultan (1952–1958)
- al-Fadl VI ibn 'Ali al-'Abdali, Sultan (1958–1967)
- Ahmad ibn 'Abd Allah Afrar al-Mahri, Sultan (mid-20th century–1952)
- 'Isa ibn 'Ali ibn Salim Afrar al-Mahri, Sultan (1952–1967)
- British Colony, 1937–1963
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Yemen: United
-
- Ali Abdullah Saleh, Chairman of the Presidential Council (1990–1994), president (1994–2012)
Europe
Europe: Balkans
Albania
Bulgaria
Cyprus
Greece
-
- Sofoklis Venizelos, Prime minister (1950–1951)
- Nikolaos Plastiras, Prime minister (1951–1952)
- Dimitrios Kiousopoulos, caretaker Prime minister (1952)
- Alexander Papagos, Prime minister (1952–1955)
- Konstantinos Karamanlis, Prime minister (1955–1958)
- Konstantinos Georgakopoulos, caretaker Prime minister (1958)
- Konstantinos Karamanlis, Prime minister (1958–1961)
- Konstantinos Dovas, Prime minister (1961)
- Konstantinos Karamanlis, Prime minister (1961–1963)
- Panagiotis Pipinelis, Prime minister (1963)
- Stylianos Mavromichalis, caretaker Prime minister (1963)
- Georgios Papandreou, prime minister (1963)
- Ioannis Paraskevopoulos, caretaker Prime minister (1963–1964)
- Georgios Papandreou, Prime minister (1964–1965)
- Georgios Athanasiadis-Novas, Prime minister (1965)
- Ilias Tsirimokos, Prime minister (1965)
- Stefanos Stefanopoulos, Prime minister (1965–1966)
- Ioannis Paraskevopoulos, Interim Prime minister (1966–1967)
- Panagiotis Kanellopoulos, caretaker Prime minister (1967)
Kosovo
Yugoslavia: Serbia & Yugoslavia
-
- Josip Broz Tito, General Secretary (1945–1964), President of the Presidium (1964–1980)
- Stevan Doronjski, President of the Presidium (1980)
- Lazar Mojsov, President of the Presidium (1980–1981)
- Dušan Dragosavac, President of the Presidium (1981–1982)
- Mitja Ribičić, President of the Presidium (1982–1983)
- Dragoslav Marković, President of the Presidium (1983–1984)
- Ali Shukrija, President of the Presidium (1984–1985)
- Vidoje Žarković, President of the Presidium (1985–1986)
- Milanko Renovica, President of the Presidium (1986–1987)
- Boško Krunić, President of the Presidium (1987–1988)
- Stipe Šuvar, President of the Presidium (1988–1989)
- Milan Pančevski, President of the Presidium (1989–1990)
- Ivan Ribar, President of the Presidency (1945–1953)
- Josip Broz Tito, President (1953–1980)
- Lazar Koliševski, President of the Presidency (1980)
- Cvijetin Mijatović, President of the Presidency (1980–1981)
- Sergej Kraigher, President of the Presidency (1981–1982)
- Petar Stambolić, President of the Presidency (1982–1983)
- Mika Špiljak, President of the Presidency (1983–1984)
- Veselin Đuranović, President of the Presidency (1984–1985)
- Radovan Vlajković, President of the Presidency (1985–1986)
- Sinan Hasani, President of the Presidency (1986–1987)
- Lazar Mojsov, President of the Presidency (1987–1988)
- Raif Dizdarević, President of the Presidency (1988–1989)
- Janez Drnovšek, President of the Presidency (1989–1990)
- Borisav Jović, President of the Presidency (1990–1991)
- Sejdo Bajramović, Acting President of the Presidency (1991)
- Stjepan Mesić, President of the Presidency (1991)
- Branko Kostić, Acting President of the Presidency (1991–1992)
- Josip Broz Tito, Prime minister (1941–1963)
- Petar Stambolić, Prime minister (1963–1967)
- Mika Špiljak, Prime minister (1967–1969)
- Mitja Ribičič, Prime minister (1969–1971)
- Džemal Bijedić, Prime minister (1971–1977)
- Veselin Đuranović, Prime minister (1977–1982)
- Milka Planinc, Prime minister (1982–1986)
- Branko Mikulić, Prime minister (1986–1989)
- Ante Marković, Prime minister (1989–1991)
- Aleksandar Mitrović, Acting Prime minister (1991–1992)
Yugoslavia: Bosnia and Herzegovina
Yugoslavia: Croatia
-
- Dušan Vještica, Prime minister (1991–1992)
- Risto Matković, Acting Prime minister (1992–1992)
- Zdravko Zečević, Prime minister (1992–1993)
- Đorđe Bjegović, Prime minister (1993–1994)
- Borislav Mikelić, Prime minister (1994–1995)
- Milan Babić, Prime minister (1995–1995)
Yugoslavia: Macedonia
Yugoslavia: Slovenia
Europe: Baltic states
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
-
- Kazimira Prunskienė, Prime minister (1990–1991)
- Albertas Šimėnas, Prime minister (1991)
- Gediminas Vagnorius, Prime minister (1991–1992)
- Aleksandras Abišala, Prime minister (1992)
- Bronislovas Lubys, Prime minister (1992–1993)
- Adolfas Šleževičius, Prime minister (1993–1996)
- Laurynas Stankevičius, Prime minister (1996)
- Gediminas Vagnorius, Prime minister (1996–1999)
- Irena Degutienė, Acting Prime minister (1999)
- Rolandas Paksas, Prime minister (1999)
- Irena Degutienė, Acting Prime minister (1999)
- Andrius Kubilius, Prime minister (1999–2000)
- Rolandas Paksas, Prime minister (2000–2001)
Europe: British Isles
Ireland
-
- John A. Costello, Taoiseach (1948–1951)
- Éamon de Valera, Taoiseach (1951–1954)
- John A. Costello, Taoiseach (1954–1957)
- Éamon de Valera, Taoiseach (1957–1959)
- Seán Lemass, Taoiseach (1959–1966)
- Jack Lynch, Taoiseach (1966–1973)
- Liam Cosgrave, Taoiseach (1973–1977)
- Jack Lynch, Taoiseach (1977–1979)
- Charles Haughey, Taoiseach (1979–1981)
- Garret FitzGerald, Taoiseach (1981–1982)
- Charles Haughey, Taoiseach (1982)
- Garret FitzGerald, Taoiseach (1981–1987)
- Charles Haughey, Taoiseach (1987–1992)
- Albert Reynolds, Taoiseach (1992–1994)
- John Bruton, Taoiseach (1994–1997)
- Bertie Ahern, Taoiseach (1997–2008)
United Kingdom
-
- Clement Attlee, Prime minister (1945–1951)
- Winston Churchill, Prime minister (1951–1955)
- Anthony Eden, Prime minister (1955–1957)
- Harold Macmillan, Prime minister (1957–1963)
- Alec Douglas-Home, Prime minister (1963–1964)
- Harold Wilson, Prime minister (1964–1970)
- Edward Heath, Prime minister (1970–1974)
- Harold Wilson, Prime minister (1974–1976)
- James Callaghan, Prime minister (1976–1979)
- Margaret Thatcher, Prime minister (1979–1990)
- John Major, Prime minister (1990–1997)
- Tony Blair, Prime minister (1997–2007)
Europe: Central
Austria
Czechoslovakia
Germany
- Federal Republic of Germany
-
- Helmut Kohl, Chancellor of West Germany (1982–1990), Chancellor of reunified Germany (1990–1998)
- Gerhard Schröder, Chancellor (1998–2005)
Hungary
-
- István Dobi, Prime minister (1949–1952)
- Mátyás Rákosi, Prime minister (1952–1953)
- Imre Nagy, Prime minister (1953–1955)
- András Hegedüs, Prime minister (1955–1956)
- Imre Nagy, Prime minister (1956)
- János Kádár, Prime minister (1956–1958)
- Ferenc Münnich, Prime minister (1958–1961)
- János Kádár, Prime minister (1961–1965)
- Gyula Kállai, Prime minister (1965–1967)
- Jenő Fock, Prime minister (1967–1975)
- György Lázár, Prime minister (1975–1987)
- Károly Grósz, Prime minister (1987–1988)
- Miklós Németh, Prime minister (1988–1989)
Liechtenstein
Poland
-
- Józef Cyrankiewicz, Prime minister (1947–1952)
- Bolesław Bierut, Prime minister (1952–1954)
- Józef Cyrankiewicz, Prime minister (1954–1970)
- Piotr Jaroszewicz, Prime minister (1970–1980)
- Edward Babiuch, Prime minister (1980)
- Józef Pińkowski, Prime minister (1980–1981)
- Wojciech Jaruzelski, Prime minister (1981–1985)
- Zbigniew Messner, Prime minister (1985–1988)
- Mieczysław Rakowski, Prime minister (1988–1989)
- Czesław Kiszczak, Prime minister (1989)
- Tadeusz Mazowiecki, Prime minister (1989–1991)
Switzerland
- Eduard von Steiger, President of the Confederation (1951)
- Karl Kobelt, President of the Confederation (1952)
- Philipp Etter, President of the Confederation (1953)
- Rodolphe Rubattel, President of the Confederation (1954)
- Max Petitpierre, President of the Confederation (1955)
- Markus Feldmann, President of the Confederation (1956)
- Hans Streuli, President of the Confederation (1957)
- Thomas Holenstein, President of the Confederation (1958)
- Paul Chaudet, President of the Confederation (1959)
- Max Petitpierre, President of the Confederation (1960)
- Friedrich Traugott Wahlen, President of the Confederation (1961)
- Paul Chaudet, President of the Confederation (1962)
- Willy Spühler, President of the Confederation (1963)
- Ludwig von Moos, President of the Confederation (1964)
- Hans-Peter Tschudi, President of the Confederation (1965)
- Hans Schaffner, President of the Confederation (1966)
- Roger Bonvin, President of the Confederation (1967)
- Willy Spühler, President of the Confederation (1968)
- Ludwig von Moos, President of the Confederation (1969)
- Hans-Peter Tschudi, President of the Confederation (1970)
- Rudolf Gnägi, President of the Confederation (1971)
- Nello Celio, President of the Confederation (1972)
- Roger Bonvin, President of the Confederation (1973)
- Ernst Brugger, President of the Confederation (1974)
- Pierre Graber, President of the Confederation (1975)
- Rudolf Gnägi, President of the Confederation (1976)
- Kurt Furgler, President of the Confederation (1977)
- Willi Ritschard, President of the Confederation (1978)
- Hans Hürlimann, President of the Confederation (1979)
- Georges-André Chevallaz, President of the Confederation (1980)
- Kurt Furgler, President of the Confederation (1981)
- Fritz Honegger, President of the Confederation (1982)
- Pierre Aubert, President of the Confederation (1983)
- Leon Schlumpf, President of the Confederation (1984)
- Kurt Furgler, President of the Confederation (1985)
- Alphons Egli, President of the Confederation (1986)
- Pierre Aubert, President of the Confederation (1987)
- Otto Stich, President of the Confederation (1988)
- Jean-Pascal Delamuraz, President of the Confederation (1989)
- Arnold Koller, President of the Confederation (1990)
- Flavio Cotti, President of the Confederation (1991)
- René Felber, President of the Confederation (1992)
- Adolf Ogi, President of the Confederation (1993)
- Otto Stich, President of the Confederation (1994)
- Kaspar Villiger, President of the Confederation (1995)
- Jean-Pascal Delamuraz, President of the Confederation (1996)
- Arnold Koller, President of the Confederation (1997)
- Flavio Cotti, President of the Confederation (1998)
- Ruth Dreifuss, President of the Confederation (1999)
- Adolf Ogi, President of the Confederation (2000)
Europe: East
Belarus
Moldova
-
- Igor Smirnov, Chairman of the Provisional Supreme Soviet (1990), of the Republic (1990–1991)
- Andrey Manoylov, Acting Chairman of the Republic (1991)
- Igor Smirnov, Chairman of the Republic (1991), President (1991–2011)
- Stanislav Moroz, Acting Prime minister (1990)
Romania
-
- Constantin Ion Parhon, President of the Provisional Presidium (1947–1948), President of the Presidium (1948–1952)
- Nicolae Ceaușescu, President of the State Council (1967–1974), President (1974–1989)
-
- Petre Roman, Acting Prime minister (1989–1990), Prime minister (1990–1991)
- Theodor Stolojan, Prime minister (1991–1992)
- Nicolae Văcăroiu, Prime minister (1992–1996)
- Victor Ciorbea, Prime minister (1996–1998)
- Gavril Dejeu, Interim Prime minister (1998–1999)
- Radu Vasile, Prime minister (1999)
- Alexandru Athanasiu, Interim Prime minister (1999)
- Mugur Isărescu, Prime minister (1999–2000)
- Adrian Năstase, Prime minister (2000–2004)
Russia
-
- Nikolay Shvernik, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1946–1953)
- Kliment Voroshilov, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1953–1960)
- Leonid Brezhnev, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1960–1964)
- Anastas Mikoyan, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1964–1965)
- Nikolai Podgorny, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1965–1977)
- Leonid Brezhnev, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1977–1982)
- Yuri Andropov, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1983–1984)
- Konstantin Chernenko, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1984–1985)
- Andrei Gromyko, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1985–1988)
- Mikhail Gorbachev, Chairman of the Supreme Soviet (1988–1990), president (1990–1991)
- Joseph Stalin, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars (1941–1946), Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1946–1953)
- Georgy Malenkov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1953–1955)
- Nikolai Bulganin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1955–1958)
- Nikita Khrushchev, Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1958–1964)
- Alexei Kosygin, Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1964–1980)
- Nikolai Tikhonov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1980–1985)
- Nikolai Ryzhkov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers (1985–1991)
- Valentin Pavlov, Prime minister (1991)
- Ivan Silayev, Chairman of the Interstate Economic Committee (1991)
Ukraine
-
- Vitold Fokin, Acting Prime minister (1990–1991), Prime minister (1991–1992)
- Valentyn Symonenko, Acting Prime minister (1992)
- Leonid Kuchma, Prime minister (1992–1993)
- Yukhym Zvyahilsky, Acting Prime minister (1993–1994)
- Vitaliy Masol, Prime minister (1994–1995)
- Yevhen Marchuk, Prime minister (1995–1996)
- Pavlo Lazarenko, Prime minister (1996–1997)
- Vasyl Durdynets, Acting Prime minister (1997)
- Valeriy Pustovoitenko, Prime minister (1997–1999)
- Viktor Yushchenko, Prime minister (1999–2001)
Europe: Nordic
Denmark
-
- Erik Eriksen, Prime minister (1950–1953)
- Hans Hedtoft, Prime minister (1953–1955)
- H. C. Hansen, Prime minister (1955–1960)
- Viggo Kampmann, Prime minister (1960–1962)
- Jens Otto Krag, Prime minister (1962–1968)
- Hilmar Baunsgaard, Prime minister (1968–1971)
- Jens Otto Krag, Prime minister (1971–1972)
- Anker Jørgensen, Prime minister (1972–1973)
- Poul Hartling, Prime minister (1973–1975)
- Anker Jørgensen, Prime minister (1975–1982)
- Poul Schlüter, Prime minister (1982–1993)
- Poul Nyrup Rasmussen, Prime minister (1993–2001)
Finland
-
- Urho Kekkonen, Prime minister (1950–1953)
- Sakari Tuomioja, Prime minister (1953–1954)
- Ralf Törngren, Prime minister (1954)
- Urho Kekkonen, Prime minister (1954–1956)
- Karl-August Fagerholm, Prime minister (1956–1957)
- V. J. Sukselainen, Prime minister (1957)
- Rainer von Fieandt, Prime minister (1957)
- Reino Kuuskoski, Prime minister (1957–1958)
- Karl-August Fagerholm, Prime minister (1958–1959)
- V. J. Sukselainen, Prime minister (1959–1961)
- Martti Miettunen, Prime minister (1961–1962)
- Ahti Karjalainen, Prime minister (1962–1963)
- Reino Ragnar Lehto, Prime minister (1963–1964)
- Johannes Virolainen, Prime minister (1964–1966)
- Rafael Paasio, Prime minister (1966–1968)
- Mauno Koivisto, Prime minister (1968–1970)
- Teuvo Aura, Prime minister (1970)
- Ahti Karjalainen, Prime minister (1970–1971)
- Teuvo Aura, Prime minister (1971–1972)
- Rafael Paasio, Prime minister (1972)
- Kalevi Sorsa, Prime minister (1972–1975)
- Keijo Liinamaa, Prime minister (1975)
- Martti Miettunen, Prime minister (1975–1977)
- Kalevi Sorsa, Prime minister (1977–1979)
- Mauno Koivisto, Prime minister (1979–1982)
- Kalevi Sorsa, Prime minister (1982–1987)
- Harri Holkeri, Prime minister (1987–1991)
- Esko Aho, Prime minister (1991–1995)
- Paavo Lipponen, Prime minister (1995–2003)
Iceland
-
- Steingrímur Steinþórsson, Prime minister (1950–1953)
- Ólafur Thors, Prime minister (1953–1956)
- Hermann Jónasson, Prime minister (1956–1958)
- Emil Jónsson, Prime minister (1958–1959)
- Ólafur Thors, Prime minister (1959–1963)
- Bjarni Benediktsson, Prime minister (1963–1970)
- Jóhann Hafstein, Prime minister (1970–1971)
- Ólafur Jóhannesson, Prime minister (1971–1974)
- Geir Hallgrímsson, Prime minister (1974–1978)
- Ólafur Jóhannesson, Prime minister (1978–1979)
- Benedikt Sigurðsson Gröndal, Prime minister (1979–1980)
- Gunnar Thoroddsen, Prime minister (1980–1983)
- Steingrímur Hermannsson, Prime minister (1983–1987)
- Þorsteinn Pálsson, Prime minister (1987–1988)
- Steingrímur Hermannsson, Prime minister (1988–1991)
- Davíð Oddsson, Prime minister (1991–2004)
Norway
-
- Einar Gerhardsen, Prime minister (1945–1951)
- Oscar Torp, Prime minister (1951–1955)
- Einar Gerhardsen, Prime minister (1955–1963)
- John Lyng, Prime minister (1963)
- Einar Gerhardsen, Prime minister (1963–1965)
- Per Borten, Prime minister (1965–1971)
- Trygve Bratteli, Prime minister (1971–1972)
- Lars Korvald, Prime minister (1972–1973)
- Trygve Bratteli, Prime minister (1973–1976)
- Odvar Nordli, Prime minister (1976–1981)
- Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime minister (1981)
- Kåre Willoch, Prime minister (1981–1986)
- Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime minister (1986–1989)
- Jan P. Syse, Prime minister (1989–1990)
- Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime minister (1990–1996)
- Thorbjørn Jagland, Prime minister (1996–1997)
- Kjell Magne Bondevik, Prime minister (1997–2000)
- Jens Stoltenberg, Prime minister (2000–2001)
Sweden
-
- Tage Erlander, Prime minister (1946–1969)
- Olof Palme, Prime minister (1969–1976)
- Thorbjörn Fälldin, Prime minister (1976–1978)
- Ola Ullsten, Prime minister (1978–1979)
- Thorbjörn Fälldin, Prime minister (1979–1982)
- Olof Palme, Prime minister (1982–1986)
- Ingvar Carlsson, Prime minister (1986–1991)
- Carl Bildt, Prime minister (1991–1994)
- Ingvar Carlsson, Prime minister (1994–1996)
- Göran Persson, Prime minister (1996–2006)
Europe: Southcentral
Italy
-
- Alcide De Gasperi, Prime minister (1946–1953)
- Giuseppe Pella, Prime minister (1953–1954)
- Amintore Fanfani, Prime minister (1954)
- Mario Scelba, Prime minister (1954–1955)
- Antonio Segni, Prime minister (1955–1957)
- Adone Zoli, Prime minister (1957–1958)
- Amintore Fanfani, Prime minister (1958–1959)
- Antonio Segni, Prime minister (1959–1960)
- Fernando Tambroni, Prime minister (1960)
- Amintore Fanfani, Prime minister (1960–1963)
- Giovanni Leone, Prime minister (1963)
- Aldo Moro, Prime minister (1963–1968)
- Giovanni Leone, Prime minister (1968)
- Mariano Rumor, Prime minister (1968–1970)
- Emilio Colombo, Prime minister (1970–1972)
- Giulio Andreotti, Prime minister (1972–1973)
- Mariano Rumor, Prime minister (1973–1974)
- Aldo Moro, Prime minister (1974–1976)
- Giulio Andreotti, Prime minister (1976–1979)
- Francesco Cossiga, Prime minister (1979–1980)
- Arnaldo Forlani, Prime minister (1980–1981)
- Giovanni Spadolini, Prime minister (1981–1982)
- Amintore Fanfani, Prime minister (1982–1983)
- Bettino Craxi, Prime minister (1983–1987)
- Amintore Fanfani, Prime minister (1987)
- Giovanni Goria, Prime minister (1987–1988)
- Ciriaco De Mita, Prime minister (1988–1989)
- Giulio Andreotti, Prime minister (1989–1992)
- Giuliano Amato, Prime minister (1992–1993)
- Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, Prime minister (1993–1994)
- Silvio Berlusconi, Prime minister (1994–1995)
- Lamberto Dini, Prime minister (1995–1996)
- Romano Prodi, Prime minister (1996–1998)
- Massimo D'Alema, Prime minister (1998–2000)
- Giuliano Amato, Prime minister (2000–2001)
Malta
- British colony, 1813–1964
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
San Marino
-
- Marino Della Balda, Luigi Montironi, Captains Regent (1950–1951)
- Alvaro Casali, Romolo Giacomini, Captains Regent (1951)
- Domenico Forcellini, Giovanni Terenzi, Captains Regent (1951–1952)
- Domenico Morganti, Mariano Ceccoli, Captains Regent (1952)
- Arnaldo Para, Eugenio Bernardini, Captains Regent (1952–1953)
- Vincenzo Pedini, Alberto Reffi, Captains Regent (1953)
- Giordano Giacomini, Giuseppe Renzi, Captains Regent (1953–1954)
- Giuseppe Forcellini, Secondo Fiorini, Captains Regent (1954)
- Agostino Giacomini, Luigi Montironi, Captains Regent (1954–1955)
- Domenico Forcellini, Vittorio Meloni, Captains Regent (1955)
- Primo Bugli, Giuseppe Maiani, Captains Regent (1955–1956)
- Mario Nanni, Enrico Andreoli, Captains Regent (1956)
- Mariano Ceccoli, Eugenio Bernardini, Captains Regent (1956–1957)
- Giordano Giacomini, Primo Marani, Captains Regent (1957)
- Federico Bigi, Alvaro Casali, Pietro Giancecchi, Zaccaria Giovanni Savoretti, Provisional Captains Regent (1957)
- Marino Valdes Franciosi, Federico Micheloni, Captains Regent (1957–1958)
- Zaccaria Giovanni Savoretti, Stelio Montironi, Captains Regent (1958)
- Domenico Forcellini, Pietro Reffi, Captains Regent (1958–1959)
- Marino Benedetto Belluzzi, Agostino Biordi, Captains Regent (1959)
- Giuseppe Forcellini, Ferruccio Piva, Captains Regent (1959–1960)
- Alvaro Casali, Gino Vannucci, Captains Regent (1960)
- Eugenio Reffi, Pietro Giancecchi, Captains Regent (1960–1961)
- Federico Micheloni, Giancarlo Ghironzi, Captains Regent (1961)
- Giovanni Vito Marcucci, Pio Galassi, Captains Regent (1961–1962)
- Domenico Forcellini, Francesco Valli, Captains Regent (1962)
- Antonio Maria Morganti, Agostino Biordi, Captains Regent (1962–1963)
- Leonida Suzzi Valli, Stelio Montironi, Captains Regent (1963)
- Giovan Luigi Franciosi, Domenico Bollini, Captains Regent (1963–1964)
- Marino Benedetto Belluzzi, Eusebio Reffi, Captains Regent (1964)
- Giuseppe Micheloni, Pier Marino Mularoni, Captains Regent (1964–1965)
- Ferruccio Piva, Federico Carattoni, Captains Regent (1965)
- Alvaro Casali, Pietro Reffi, Captains Regent (1965–1966)
- Francesco Valli, Emilio Della Balda, Captains Regent (1966)
- Giovanni Vito Marcucci, Francesco Maria Francini, Captains Regent (1966–1967)
- Vittorio Rossini, Alberto Lonfernini, Captains Regent (1967)
- Domenico Forcellini, Romano Michelotti, Captains Regent (1967–1968)
- Marino Benedetto Belluzzi, Dante Rossi, Captains Regent (1968)
- Pietro Giancecchi, Aldo Zavoli, Captains Regent (1968–1969)
- Ferruccio Piva, Stelio Montironi, Captains Regent (1969)
- Alvaro Casali, Giancarlo Ghironzi, Captains Regent (1969–1970)
- Francesco Valli, Eusebio Reffi, Captains Regent (1970)
- Simone Rossini, Giuseppe Lonfernini, Captains Regent (1970–1971)
- Luigi Lonfernini, Attilio Montanari, Captains Regent (1971)
- Federico Carattoni, Marino Vagnetti, Captains Regent (1971–1972)
- Marino Benedetto Belluzzi, Giuseppe Micheloni, Captains Regent (1972)
- Rosolino Martelli, Bruno Casali, Captains Regent (1972–1973)
- Francesco Maria Francini, Primo Bugli, Captains Regent (1973)
- Antonio Lazzaro Volpinari, Giovan Luigi Franciosi, Captains Regent (1973–1974)
- Ferruccio Piva, Giordano Bruno Reffi, Captains Regent (1974)
- Francesco Valli, Enrico Andreoli, Captains Regent (1974–1975)
- Alberto Cecchetti, Michele Righi, Captains Regent (1975)
- Giovanni Vito Marcucci, Giuseppe Della Balda, Captains Regent (1975–1976)
- Clelio Galassi, Marino Venturini, Captains Regent (1976)
- Primo Bugli, Virgilio Cardelli, Captains Regent (1976–1977)
- Alberto Lonfernini, Antonio Lazzaro Volpinari, Captains Regent (1977)
- Giordano Bruno Reffi, Tito Masi, Captains Regent (1977–1978)
- Francesco Valli, Enrico Andreoli, Captains Regent (1978)
- Ermenegildo Gasperoni, Adriano Reffi, Captains Regent (1978–1979)
- Marino Bollini, Lino Celli, Captains Regent (1979)
- Giuseppe Amici, Germano De Biagi, Captains Regent (1979–1980)
- Pietro Chiaruzzi, Primo Marani, Captains Regent (1980)
- Giancarlo Berardi, Rossano Zafferani, Captains Regent (1980–1981)
- Gastone Pasolini, Maria Lea Pedini-Angelini, Captains Regent (1981)
- Mario Rossi, Ubaldo Biordi, Captains Regent (1981–1982)
- Giuseppe Maiani, Marino Venturini, Captains Regent (1982)
- Libero Barulli, Maurizio Gobbi, Captains Regent (1982–1983)
- Adriano Reffi, Massimo Roberto Rossini, Captains Regent (1983)
- Renzo Renzi, Germano De Biagi, Captains Regent (1983–1984)
- Gloriana Ranocchini, Giorgio Crescentini, Captains Regent (1984)
- Marino Bollini, Giuseppe Amici, Captains Regent (1984–1985)
- Enzo Colombini, Severiano Tura, Captains Regent (1985)
- Pier Paolo Gasperoni, Ubaldo Biordi, Captains Regent (1985–1986)
- Marino Venturini, Ariosto Maiani, Captains Regent (1986)
- Giuseppe Arzilli, Maurizio Tomassoni, Captains Regent (1986–1987)
- Renzo Renzi, Carlo Franciosi, Captains Regent (1987)
- Rossano Zafferani, Gianfranco Terenzi, Captains Regent (1987–1988)
- Umberto Barulli, Rosolino Martelli, Captains Regent (1988)
- Luciano Cardelli, Reves Salvatori, Captains Regent (1988–1989)
- Mauro Fiorini, Marino Vagnetti, Captains Regent (1989)
- Gloriana Ranocchini, Leo Achilli, Captains Regent (1989–1990)
- Adalmiro Bartolini, Ottaviano Rossi, Captains Regent (1990)
- Cesare Gasperoni, Roberto Bucci, Captains Regent (1990–1991)
- Domenico Bernardini, Claudio Podeschi, Captains Regent (1991)
- Edda Ceccoli, Marino Riccardi, Captains Regent (1991–1992)
- Germano De Biagi, Ernesto Benedettini, Captains Regent (1992)
- Romeo Morri, Marino Zanotti, Captains Regent (1992–1993)
- Patrizia Busignani, Salvatore Tonelli, Captains Regent (1993)
- Gian Luigi Berti, Paride Andreoli, Captains Regent (1993–1994)
- Alberto Cecchetti, Fausto Mularoni, Captains Regent (1994)
- Renzo Ghiotti, Luciano Ciavatta, Captains Regent (1994–1995)
- Marino Bollini, Settimio Lonfernini, Captains Regent (1995)
- Pier Natalino Mularoni, Marino Venturini, Captains Regent (1995–1996)
- Pier Paolo Gasperoni, Pietro Bugli, Captains Regent (1996)
- Maurizio Rattini, Gian Carlo Venturini, Captains Regent (1996–1997)
- Paride Andreoli, Pier Marino Mularoni, Captains Regent (1997)
- Luigi Mazza, Marino Zanotti, Captains Regent (1997–1998)
- Alberto Cecchetti, Loris Francini, Captains Regent (1998)
- Pietro Berti, Paolo Bollini, Captains Regent (1998–1999)
- Antonello Bacciocchi, Rosa Zafferani, Captains Regent (1999)
- Marino Bollini, Giuseppe Arzilli, Captains Regent (1999–2000)
- Maria Domenica Michelotti, Gian Marco Marcucci, Captains Regent (2000)
- Gianfranco Terenzi, Enzo Colombini, Captains Regent (2000–2001)
Vatican
Europe: Southwest
Andorra
Portugal
-
- National Salvation Junta: António de Spínola (President), Francisco da Costa Gomes, Jaime Silvério Marques, Diogo Neto, Carlos Galvão de Melo, José Pinheiro de Azevedo, António Rosa Coutinho, Acting Head of state (1974)
- António de Spínola, President (1974)
- Francisco da Costa Gomes, President (1974–1976)
- António Ramalho Eanes, President (1976–1986)
- Mário Soares, President (1986–1996)
- Jorge Sampaio, President (1996–2006)
- National Salvation Junta: António de Spínola, Francisco da Costa Gomes, Jaime Silvério Marques, Diogo Neto, Carlos Galvão de Melo, José Pinheiro de Azevedo, António Rosa Coutinho, Acting Head of government (1974)
- Adelino da Palma Carlos, Prime minister (1974)
- Vasco Gonçalves, Prime minister (1974–1975)
- José Pinheiro de Azevedo, Prime minister (1975–1976)
- Vasco de Almeida e Costa, Acting Prime minister (1976)
- Mário Soares, Prime minister (1976–1978)
- Alfredo Nobre da Costa, Prime minister (1978)
- Carlos Alberto da Mota Pinto, Prime minister (1978–1979)
- Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo, Prime minister (1979–1980)
- Francisco de Sá Carneiro, Prime minister (1980)
- Diogo de Freitas do Amaral, Acting Head of government (1980–1981)
- Francisco Pinto Balsemão, Prime minister (1981–1983)
- Mário Soares, Prime minister (1983–1985)
- Aníbal Cavaco Silva, Prime minister (1985–1995)
- António Guterres, Prime minister (1995–2002)
Spain
Europe: West
Belgium
-
- Joseph Pholien, Prime minister (1950–1952)
- Jean Van Houtte, Prime minister (1952–1954)
- Achille Van Acker, Prime minister (1954–1958)
- Gaston Eyskens, Prime minister (1958–1961)
- Théo Lefèvre, Prime minister (1961–1965)
- Pierre Harmel, Prime minister (1965–1966)
- Paul Vanden Boeynants, Prime minister (1966–1968)
- Gaston Eyskens, Prime minister (1968–1973)
- Edmond Leburton, Prime minister (1973–1974)
- Leo Tindemans, Prime minister (1974–1978)
- Paul Vanden Boeynants, Prime minister (1978–1979)
- Wilfried Martens, Prime minister (1979–1981)
- Mark Eyskens, Prime minister (1981)
- Wilfried Martens, Prime minister (1981–1992)
- Jean-Luc Dehaene, Prime minister (1992–1999)
- Guy Verhofstadt, Prime minister (1999–2008)
France
-
- René Pleven, Prime minister (1950–1951)
- Henri Queuille, Prime minister (1951)
- René Pleven, Prime minister (1951–1952)
- Edgar Faure, Prime minister (1952)
- Antoine Pinay, Prime minister (1952–1953)
- René Mayer, Prime minister (1953)
- Joseph Laniel, Prime minister (1953–1954)
- Pierre Mendès France, Prime minister (1954–1955)
- Christian Pineau, Prime minister (1955)
- Edgar Faure, Prime minister (1955–1956)
- Guy Mollet, Prime minister (1956–1957)
- Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury, Prime minister (1957)
- Félix Gaillard, Prime minister (1957–1958)
- Pierre Pflimlin, Prime minister (1958)
- Charles de Gaulle, Prime minister (1958–1959)
-
- Michel Debré, Prime minister (1959–1962)
- Georges Pompidou, Prime minister (1962–1968)
- Maurice Couve de Murville, Prime minister (1968–1969)
- Jacques Chaban-Delmas, Prime minister (1969–1972)
- Pierre Messmer, Prime minister (1972–1974)
- Jacques Chirac, Prime minister (1974–1976)
- Raymond Barre, Prime minister (1976–1981)
- Pierre Mauroy, Prime minister (1981–1984)
- Laurent Fabius, Prime minister (1984–1986)
- Jacques Chirac, Prime minister (1986–1988)
- Michel Rocard, Prime minister (1988–1991)
- Édith Cresson, Prime minister (1991–1992)
- Pierre Bérégovoy, Prime minister (1992–1993)
- Édouard Balladur, Prime minister (1993–1995)
- Alain Juppé, Prime minister (1995–1997)
- Lionel Jospin, Prime minister (1997–2002)
Luxembourg
-
- Charlotte, Grand Duchess (1919–1964)
- Jean, Grand Duke (1964–2000)
- Henri, Grand Duke (2000–present)
Monaco
-
- Pierre Voizard, Minister of state (1950–1953)
- Henry Soum, Minister of state (1953–1959)
- Émile Pelletier, Minister of state (1959–1962)
- Pierre Blanchy, Acting Minister of state (1962–1963)
- Jean Reymond, Minister of state (1963–1966)
- Paul Demange, Minister of state (1966–1969)
- François-Didier Gregh, Minister of state (1969–1972)
- André Saint-Mleux, Minister of state (1972–1981)
- Jean Herly, Minister of state (1981–1985)
- Jean Ausseil, Minister of state (1985–1991)
- Jacques Dupont, Minister of state (1991–1994)
- Paul Dijoud, Minister of state (1994–1997)
- Michel Lévêque, Minister of state (1997–2000)
- Patrick Leclercq, Minister of state (2000–2005)
Netherlands
-
- Willem Drees, Prime minister (1948–1958)
- Louis Beel, Prime minister (1958–1959)
- Jan de Quay, Prime minister (1959–1963)
- Victor Marijnen, Prime minister (1963–1965)
- Jo Cals, Prime minister (1965–1966)
- Jelle Zijlstra, Prime minister (1966–1967)
- Piet de Jong, Prime minister (1967–1971)
- Barend Biesheuvel, Prime minister (1971–1973)
- Joop den Uyl, Prime minister (1973–1977)
- Dries van Agt, Prime minister (1977–1982)
- Ruud Lubbers, Prime minister (1982–1994)
- Wim Kok, Prime minister (1994–2002)
Eurasia: Caucasus
Armenia
-
- Vazgen Manukyan, Prime minister (1990–1991)
- Gagik Harutyunyan, Prime minister (1991–1992)
- Khosrov Harutyunyan, Prime minister (1992–1993)
- Hrant Bagratyan, Prime minister (1993–1996)
- Armen Sargsyan, Prime minister (1996–1997)
- Robert Kocharyan, Prime minister (1997–1998)
- Armen Darbinyan, Prime minister (1998–1999)
- Vazgen Sargsyan, Prime minister (1999)
- Aram Sargsyan, Prime minister (1999–2000)
- Andranik Margaryan, Prime minister (2000–2007)
Azerbaijan
Georgia
Oceania
Oceania: Australia and Papua New Guinea
Australia
-
- Sir Robert Menzies, Prime minister (1949–1966)
- Harold Holt, Prime minister (1966–1967)
- John McEwen, Prime minister (1967–1968)
- John Gorton, Prime minister (1968–1971)
- William McMahon, Prime minister (1971–1972)
- Gough Whitlam, Prime minister (1972–1975)
- Malcolm Fraser, Prime minister (1975–1983)
- Bob Hawke, Prime minister (1983–1991)
- Paul Keating, Prime minister (1991–1996)
- John Howard, Prime minister (1996–2007)
Papua New Guinea
- United Nations Trust Territory of Australia, 1946–1975
- For details see Australia
- United Nations Trust Territory of Australia, 1946–1975
- For details see Australia or the United Kingdom under the British Isles, Europe
- New Guinea: United Nations Trust Territory of Australia, 1949–1975
- Papua: Australian external territory (1949–1975)
- For details see Australia
-
- Michael Somare, Prime minister (1975–1980)
- Julius Chan, Prime minister (1980–1982)
- Michael Somare, Prime minister (1982–1985)
- Paias Wingti, Prime minister (1985–1988)
- Rabbie Namaliu, Prime minister (1988–1992)
- Paias Wingti, Prime minister (1992–1994)
- Julius Chan, Prime minister (1994–1997)
- John Giheno, Acting Prime minister (1997)
- Julius Chan, Prime minister (1997)
- Bill Skate, Prime minister (1997–1999)
- Mekere Morauta, Prime minister (1999–2002)
Oceania: Pacific
Fiji
- British colony, 1874–1970
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
French Polynesia
- Protectorate of France, 1887/1888–1959
- Overseas territory of France, 1959–2003
- Pasilio Keletaona, King (1997–2003)
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Micronesia
Nauru
- Hammer DeRoburt, President (1968–1976)
- Bernard Dowiyogo, President (1976–1978)
- Lagumot Harris, President (1978)
- Hammer DeRoburt, President (1978–1986)
- Kennan Adeang, President (1986)
- Hammer DeRoburt, President (1986)
- Kennan Adeang, President (1986)
- Hammer DeRoburt, President (1986–1989)
- Kenos Aroi, President (1989)
- Bernard Dowiyogo, President (1989–1995)
- Lagumot Harris, President (1995–1996)
- Bernard Dowiyogo, President (1996)
- Kennan Adeang, President (1996)
- Ruben Kun, President (1996–1997)
- Kinza Clodumar, President (1997–1998)
- Bernard Dowiyogo, President (1998–1999)
- René Harris, President (1999–2000)
- Bernard Dowiyogo, President (2000–2001)
New Zealand
-
- Sidney Holland, Prime minister (1949–1957)
- Keith Holyoake, Prime minister (1957)
- Walter Nash, Prime minister (1957–1960)
- Keith Holyoake, Prime minister (1960–1972)
- Jack Marshall, Prime minister (1972)
- Norman Kirk, Prime minister (1972–1974)
- Hugh Watt, Acting Prime minister (1974)
- Bill Rowling, Prime minister (1974–1975)
- Robert Muldoon, Prime minister (1975–1984)
- David Lange, Prime minister (1984–1989)
- Geoffrey Palmer, Prime minister (1989–1990)
- Mike Moore, Prime minister (1990)
- Jim Bolger, Prime minister (1990–1997)
- Jenny Shipley, Prime minister (1997–1999)
- Helen Clark, Prime minister (1999–2008)
- New Zealand protectorate, 1907–present
- For details see the New Zealand under Oceania
Palau
Samoa and American Samoa
-
- Fiamē Mataʻafa Faumuina Mulinuʻu II, Prime Minister (1959–1970)
- Tupua Tamasese Lealofi IV, Prime Minister (1970–1973)
- Fiamē Mataʻafa Faumuina Mulinuʻu II, Prime Minister (1973–1975)
- Tupua Tamasese Lealofi IV, Acting Prime minister (1975–1976)
- Tui Ātua Tupua Tamasese Efi, Prime minister (1976–1982)
- Vaʻai Kolone, Prime minister (1982)
- Tui Ātua Tupua Tamasese Efi, Prime minister (1982)
- Tofilau Eti Alesana, Prime minister (1982–1985)
- Vaʻai Kolone, Prime minister (1985–1988)
- Tofilau Eti Alesana, Prime minister (1988–1998)
- Tuila'epa Sa'ilele Malielegaoi, Prime minister (1998–2021)
Solomon Islands
- British protectorate, 1893–1978
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe
Tonga
Tuvalu
United States
- United Nations Trust Territory under the administration of the United States, 1947–1994
- Arthur W. Radford, High Commissioner (1949–1951)
- Elbert D. Thomas, High Commissioner (1951–1953)
- Frank E. Midkiff, High Commissioner (1953–1954)
- Delmas H. Nucker, Acting High Commissioner (1954–1956), High Commissioner (1954–1961)
- Maurice W. Goding, High Commissioner (1961–1966)
- William R. Norwood, High Commissioner (1966–1969)
- Edward E. Johnston, High Commissioner (1969–1976)
- Peter Tali Coleman, acting High Commissioner (1976–1977)
- Adrian P. Winkel, High Commissioner (1977–1981)
- Janet J. McCoy, High Commissioner (1981–1987)
- Charles D. Jordan, Director (1986–1991)
Vanuatu
- British-French Condominium, 1906–1980
- For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles and France under western Europe
References
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