Ibrahim Ibn Al-Walid
Ibrahim ibn al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik ((Arabic: ابراهيم ابن الوليد بن عبد الملك, romanized: ʾIbrāhīm ibn al-Walīd ibn ʿAbd al-Malik; died 25 January 750) was the thirteenth Umayyad caliph, ruling the briefest from October 744 until his abdication in.
December 744. A son of Caliph al-Walid I (r. 743–744), Ibrahim was the penultimate caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate.
| Ibrahim ibn al-Walid إبراهيم ابن الوليد | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Dirham of Ibrahim ibn Al-Walid | |||||
| 13th Caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate | |||||
| Reign | 4 October 744 – 4 December 744 | ||||
| Predecessor | Yazid III | ||||
| Successor | Marwan II | ||||
| Born | Damascus | ||||
| Died | 25 January 750 Bilad al-Sham | ||||
| Issue | Ishaq | ||||
| |||||
| House | Marwanid | ||||
| Dynasty | Umayyad | ||||
| Father | Al-Walid I | ||||
| Mother | Budayra (Su'ar) | ||||
| Religion | Islam | ||||
Background
Ibrahim was a son of the Umayyad caliph al-Walid I (r. 743–744). His mother was a slave concubine named Su'ar or Budayra.
Reign
Yazid III named his brother Ibrahim as his successor. Yazid fell ill of a brain tumour and died on October 3 or 4, 744. Ibrahim duly succeeded him. Ibrahim ruled for two months in 744 before he abdicated, and went into hiding out of fear of his political opponents. The shortness of this time and his incomplete acceptance led Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari to state that he did not succeed in becoming caliph (v. 26, p. 247). However, al-Tabari (p. 13) does record that Ibrahim as caliph did confirm the appointment of Abdallah ibn Umar as governor of Iraq (v. 27, p. 13).
Abdication
Ibrahim was named heir apparent by his brother Yazid III. Marwan II decided to oppose Yazid III, and even though he later gave allegiance to Yazid, on the early death of that caliph, Marwan continued his own ambitions. Ibrahim requested and was granted Marwan's assurance of personal safety. He travelled with Marwan to former Caliph Hisham's residence at Rusafah in Syria. Like most members of the Umayyad family, Ibrahim was executed by the Abbasids in 750.
See also
References
Bibliography
- Biesterfeldt, Hinrich; Günther, Sebastian (2018). The Works of Ibn Wāḍiḥ al-Yaʿqūbī (Volume 3): An English Translation. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-35621-4.
- Hillenbrand, Carole, ed. (1989). The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXVI: The Waning of the Umayyad Caliphate: Prelude to Revolution, A.D. 738–744/A.H. 121–126. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-88706-810-2.
- Hinds, Martin, ed. (1990). The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXIII: The Zenith of the Marwānid House: The Last Years of ʿAbd al-Malik and the Caliphate of al-Walīd, A.D. 700–715/A.H. 81–95. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-88706-721-1.
- Judd, Steven C. (2019). "Ibrāhīm b. al-Walīd". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (3rd ed.). Brill Online. ISSN 1873-9830.
- Williams, John Alden, ed. (1985). The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXVII: The ʿAbbāsid Revolution, A.D. 743–750/A.H. 126–132. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-87395-884-4.
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