黥

Translingual edit

Han character edit

黥 (Kangxi radical 203, 黑+8, 20 strokes, cangjie input 田火卜口火 (WFYRF), four-corner 6039₆, composition ⿰黑京)

to tattoo criminals on the face or forehead

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1520, character 26
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48123
Dae Jaweon: page 2055, character 9
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4751, character 7
Unihan data for U+9EE5

Chinese edit

trad.		黥
simp. ^#		黥

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 黥
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (京) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
涼	ɡ·raŋ, ɡ·raŋs, *ɡ·raŋs
凉	*ɡ·raŋ
椋	*ɡ·raŋ
綡	*ɡ·raŋ
輬	*ɡ·raŋ
諒	*ɡ·raŋs
掠	ɡ·raŋs, ɡ·raɡ
弶	*ɡaŋs
京	*kraŋ
麖	*kraŋ
鶁	*kraŋ
景	*kraŋʔ
鯨	*ɡraŋ
黥	*ɡraŋ
勍	*ɡraŋ
剠	*ɡraŋ
倞	*ɡraŋs
影	*qraŋʔ
璟	qraŋʔ, kʷraŋʔ
憬	*kʷraŋʔ
暻	*kʷraŋʔ
澋	*ɡʷraːŋʔ

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qíng (qing²)
(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄥˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): king⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kêng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qíng
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cíng
  - Wade–Giles: chʻing²
  - Yale: chíng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyng
  - Palladius: цин (cin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: king⁴
  - Yale: kìhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: king⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: king⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɪŋ²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kêng
  - Tâi-lô: kîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: keeng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪŋ²⁴/

Middle Chinese: gjaeng

Rime
Character	黥
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	渠京切
Baxter	gjaeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡˠiæŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡᵚiaŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiaŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/giajŋ/
Li Rong	/ɡiɐŋ/
Wang Li	/ɡĭɐŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/gi̯ɐŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qíng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	king⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡraŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	黥
Reading #	1/1
No.	6833
Phonetic component	京
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	擎
Old Chinese	/*ɡraŋ/

Definitions edit

黥

(historical) to tattoo the face, one of the Five Punishments in Ancient China

Synonyms edit

墨 (mò)
黵 (dǎn)

Compounds edit

天黥
息黥補劓／息黥补劓
黥布
黥面 (qíngmiàn)
黥首 (qíngshǒu)

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

黥

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

tattoo, tattooing

Readings edit

Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)^{←ぎやう (gyau, historical)}
Kan-on: けい (kei)
Kan’yō-on: げい (gei)
Kun: いれずみ (irezumi, 黥)

Etymology edit

Kanji in this term
黥
いれずみ Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 黥 – see the following entry.

【いれずみ】

[noun] a tattoo (an image made in the skin with ink and a needle)

[noun] a punishment in which a criminals were given a tattoo as a mark of their criminal record

[verb] to tattoo

Alternative spellings
入れ墨, 入墨, 刺青, 文身

(This term, 黥, is an alternative spelling (rare) of the above term.)

Korean edit

Hanja edit

黥 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)

tattoo punishment of branding a criminal

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

黥: Hán Việt readings: kình^[1]^[2]

chữ Hán form of kình (“tatooing the cheek or face of criminals as punishment in ancient China”).

References edit

[gdhn-1] Trần (2004).

[tchvtd-2] Thiều Chửu (1942).

[1]

[2]