鳥

Stroke order

Han character edit

See images of
Radical 196 鳥

鳥 (Kangxi radical 196, 鳥+0, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹日卜火 (HAYF), four-corner 2732₇, composition ⿴烏一)

1. Kangxi radical #196, ⿃.

Derived characters edit

• Appendix:Chinese radical/鳥
• 𠌵, 𡡅, 𡰎, 嶋, 𢄦, 㨶, 𤡕, 隝, 𭧘, 樢(㭤), 殦, 瞗, 𭿼, 𧜣, 𦄋, 𦉓, 翵, 鵤, 𧽪, 𨄙, 鿂, 𩘲, 𬳥, 𭿱, 鷠, 𪋞
• 𠞸, 鄥, 𣦘, 𫼃, 𪾖, 𦾉, 𩘵, 𡃸, 㠀, 䙚, 𦠂, 𠟀, 嶌, 蔦(茑), 窵(窎), 穒, 䉆, 𤹷, 𨶠, 𡈙

See also edit

• 𠒎 島(岛) 梟(枭) 裊(袅) 烏(乌) 焉 舃 舄

References edit

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1480, character 52
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46634
• Dae Jaweon: page 2012, character 25
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4613, character 1
• Unihan data for U+9CE5

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 鳥
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Pictogram (象形) : a bird with a dangling tail.

Compare 烏, which is very similar, of similar origin, and 隹, which originated from a similar image of a bird, but is today rather more abstract and less recognizable. Compare to Egyptian 𓄿

Etymology edit

Originally pronounced with a /t-/ initial (compare 島 (OC *tuːwʔ, “island”)). In many dialects, it changed to a /n-/ initial to avoid homophony with the vulgar word 屌 (diǎo, “penis”), which may ultimately have developed from the sense “bird”. Birds/fowl are characteristically associated with Chinese slang for genitalia; compare 雀 (“sparrow > penis”) and 雞 (“chicken > penis”).

Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) hypothesised that the /n-/ initial form for “bird” may be unrelated to the /t-/ form. Instead, it may be connected with the Tai-Kadai word for bird; compare Proto-Tai *C̬.nokᴰ (“bird”), whence Thai นก (nók).

The /t-/ form may be derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *daw (“bird”), cognate with Proto-Karen *thoᴮ (“bird”) and Proto-Bodo-Garo *tao² (“bird”).

Pronunciation 1 edit

Definitions edit

鳥

1. bird (Classifier: 隻／只 m; 群 m)

   養鳥／养鸟  ―  yǎngniǎo  ―  to breed birds

2. (slang, dialectal) to pay attention; to heed; to take notice of

   我才不鳥他。／我才不鸟他。  ―  Wǒ cái bù niǎo tā.  ―  I don't give a damn about him.

3. (vulgar, chiefly Taiwan) unpleasant thing

   什麼鳥?!／什么鸟?!  ―  shénme niǎo?!  ―  What the fuck?!

4. (vulgar, chiefly Taiwan) inferior or objectionable (a general term of disparagement)

   這事情太鳥了！／这事情太鸟了！  ―  Zhè shìqíng tài niǎo le!  ―  This thing really sucks!

Synonyms edit

Compounds edit

Descendants edit

• → Thai: เจี๊ยว (jíao)

Pronunciation 2 edit

Definitions edit

鳥

1. (vulgar) Alternative form of 屌 (diǎo)
   1. penis
   2. (intensifier) damned; goddamn

      你這鳥人！／你这鸟人！  ―  Nǐ zhè diǎorén!  ―  You fucking prick!

Descendants edit

Others:

• → Thai: เจี๊ยว (jíao)

Kanji edit

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings edit

• Go-on: ちょう (chō, Jōyō)^{←てう (teu, historical)}
• Kan-on: ちょう (chō, Jōyō)^{←てう (teu, historical)}
• Kun: とり (tori, 鳥, Jōyō); と (to)
• Nanori: か (ka)

Compounds edit

Etymology 1 edit

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

鳥

Wikipedia ^ja

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Bird

Wikipedia

⟨to₂ri⟩ → /tori/

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *təri. Probably cognate with Middle Korean ᄃᆞᆰ (tolk), modern Korean 닭 (dak, “fowl; chicken”).

May also be related to the verb 飛ぶ (tobu, “to fly”).

Alternative forms edit

• (usually a chicken): 鶏
• 禽 (rare)

Pronunciation edit

• (Tokyo) とり [tòrí] (Heiban – [0])^[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [to̞ɾʲi]

Noun edit

鳥(とり) • (tori) 

1. a bird
   • 1999 July 5, “タクヒ [Takuhi]”, in BOOSTER 3, Konami:

     このトリが現(あらわ)れた時(とき)は、何(なに)か不(ふ)吉(きつ)な事(こと)が起(お)こる前(まえ)ぶれ。

     Kono tori ga arawareta toki wa, nani ka fukitsu na koto ga okoru maebure.

     This bird brings bad luck to wherever it comes.

   • 1999 August 26, “セイント・バード [Saint Bird]”, in BOOSTER 4, Konami:

     非(ひ)常(じょう)に尾(お)の長(なが)い鳥(とり)。全(ぜん)身(しん)から聖(せい)なる光(ひかり)を発(はっ)する。

     Hijō ni o no nagai tori. Zenshin kara seinaru hikari o hassuru.

     A bird with an unusually long tail. It illuminates with holy light.

2. a chicken
   • 1086, Goshūi Wakashū (book 16, poem 939; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 62)

     夜(よ)をこめて鳥(とり)のそらねははかるともよに逢坂(あふさか)の関(せき)はゆるさじ

     yo o komete tori no sorane wa hakaru tomo yo ni Ōsaka-no-seki wa yurusaji

     Try if you wish to fool others with rooster calls in the depths of night―but still closed to your passage will be the gate at Meeting Hill.^[3]

3. fowl or chicken meat

Derived terms edit

Proper noun edit

鳥(とり) • (Tori) 

1. a surname
2. a unisex given name

Etymology 2 edit

⟨to₂ri⟩ → ⟨*to₂⟩ → /to/

From Old Japanese.^[4][5] Appears to be a shift from tori above.

Pronunciation edit

• IPA^(key): [to̞]

• The pitch accent is determined by the entire word.

Prefix edit

鳥(と) • (to-) 

1. a bird
2. (more specifically) a chicken

Usage notes edit

• Appears in old compounds. Does not appear to be productive in modern Japanese.

Derived terms edit

References edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Chinese 鳥 (MC tewX).

Pronunciation edit

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕo̞]
• Phonetic hangul: [조]

Hanja edit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

鳥

Wikisource

鳥 (eumhun 새 조 (sae jo))

1. Hanja form^? of 조 (“bird”). [affix]

Compounds edit

References edit

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Kanji edit

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. bird
2. chicken

Readings edit

• Kun: とぅい (tui, 鳥)

Etymology edit

From Proto-Ryukyuan *tori, from Proto-Japonic *təri. Cognate with Japanese 鳥 (tori).

Pronunciation edit

• IPA^(key): [tui]

Noun edit

鳥(とぅい) (tui) 

1. bird
2. chicken

References edit

• “とぅい【鳥】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Han character edit

鳥: Hán Nôm readings: điểu, đeo, đéo, đẽo

1. chữ Hán form of điểu (“bird”).

Compounds edit