鬥

Stroke order

Han character edit

See images of
Radical 191 鬥

鬥 (Kangxi radical 191, 鬥+0, 10 strokes, cangjie input 中弓 (LN), four-corner 7711₄, composition ⿲𩰋王亅)

1. Kangxi radical #191, ⾾.

Derived characters edit

• Appendix:Chinese radical/鬥
• 𫫅

Related characters edit

• 門 (Note: Some derived characters of 鬥 have alternative forms that have been simplified to contain 門. Example: 鬪 and 闘)

References edit

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1457, character 29
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45632
• Dae Jaweon: page 1989, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4515, character 1
• Unihan data for U+9B25

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 鬥
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) — two figures face-to-face, fighting with bare hands. Some oracle script characters of 鬥／斗 (dòu) show that both of their hair are bristled. The character shape resembles 𠨭 and 丮 opposite each other.

鬥／斗 (dòu) and 鬭／斗 (dòu) are original characters of this form; forms with the similar-looking radical 門 ("door") were non-standard variants.

Simplified form 斗 was derived via the variant form 鬦.

鬥／斗 (dòu) is also one of the 324 simplified characters introduced by the Republic of China (Kuomintang government) in 1935 as the simplified form of 鬭／斗 (dòu).

Etymology edit

Conflation of two roots "to fight" and "to meet", and the merger has been attested since ancient times.

"to fight"

Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *daw (“to defy, interfere, be at enmity with”), which is the source of Tibetan སྡོ (sdo, “to bear up against, bid defiance”) and Burmese တော့ (tau., “to resent an insinuation, interfere in a quarrel”).

"to meet"

Schuessler (2007) considers this cognate with 注 (OC *tjos, “to apply; to be touched; to bring together; to join”); see there for more.

Pronunciation edit

Definitions edit

鬥

1. to fight; to struggle

   爭鬥／争斗  ―  zhēngdòu  ―  to fight

   戰鬥／战斗  ―  zhàndòu  ―  battle

   械鬥／械斗  ―  xièdòu  ―  to fight with weapons

   拳鬥／拳斗  ―  quándòu  ―  fist fight

   格鬥／格斗  ―  gédòu  ―  grapple

   搏鬥／搏斗  ―  bódòu  ―  to wrestle

   明爭暗鬥／明争暗斗  ―  míngzhēng'àndòu  ―  both open strife and veiled struggle

   龍爭虎鬥／龙争虎斗  ―  lóngzhēnghǔdòu  ―  fierce struggle between two evenly-matched opponents

   角鬥／角斗  ―  jiǎodòu  ―  to battle

   鬥士／斗士  ―  dòushì  ―  warrior

   鬥志／斗志  ―  dòuzhì  ―  morale

   鬥毆／斗殴  ―  dòu'ōu  ―  to brawl

   鬥氣／斗气  ―  dòuqì  ―  to quarrel just to vent one's spleen

   鬥艦／斗舰  ―  dòujiàn  ―  man-of-war

2. to make animals fight

   鬥雞／斗鸡  ―  dòujī  ―  cockfighting

   鬥牛／斗牛  ―  dòuniú  ―  bull-fight

3. to contend; to compete with

   鬥爭／斗争  ―  dòuzhēng  ―  conflict

   鬥嘴／斗嘴  ―  dòuzuǐ  ―  to squabble

   鬥智／斗智  ―  dòuzhì  ―  contest of wits

   批鬥／批斗  ―  pīdòu  ―  to criticize and denounce a person

4. to strive one's best

   奮鬥／奋斗  ―  fèndòu  ―  to work at one's utmost

5. (archaic) (of stars) to collide with each other
6. chaotic; disorderly, helter-skelter
7. to take the opportunity to ...; to do something while it's ...
8. to meet; to encounter; to face
9. to face; to confront; to front; to be opposite
10. to piece together; to fit together

    鬥電腦／斗电脑 [Cantonese]  ―  dau³ din⁶ nou⁵ [Jyutping]  ―  to assemble a computer

    鬥木佬／斗木佬 [Cantonese]  ―  dau³ muk⁶ lou² [Jyutping]  ―  woodworker

11. (dialectal) to help; to assist
12. (dialectal) very, quite
13. (dialectal) to collude, to plot
14. fine tea; tea of the best quality
15. (dialectal) bird nest
16. Alternative form of 逗 (dòu, “to tease, to play with”)
17. Alternative form of 兜 (dōu, “to solicit (customers or business)”)
18. Alternative form of 陡 (dǒu, “suddenly, in a sudden”)
19. a surname

Compounds edit

References edit

• “鬥”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04678

Kanji edit

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. to fight

Readings edit

As a variant/kyūjitai kanji of 闘:

• Go-on: つ (tsu)
• Kan-on: とう (tō)
• Kun: たたかう (tatakau, 鬥う)^{←たたかふ (tatakafu, 鬥ふ, historical)}; あらそう (arasou, 鬥う)^{←あらそふ (arasofu, 鬥ふ, historical)}

As a radical:

• Kun: たたかいがまえ (tatakaigamae, 鬥)^{←たたかひがまへ (tatakafigamafe, 鬥, historical)}; とうがまえ (tōgamae, 鬥)^{←とうがまへ (tougamafe, 鬥, historical)}

Etymology edit

Noun edit

鬥(たたかいがまえ) or 鬥(とうがまえ) • (tatakaigamae or tōgamae) 

1. the kanji radical 鬥

Hanja edit

鬥 (eumhun 싸울 투 (ssaul tu))

1. Alternative form of 鬪 (“Hanja form^? of 투 (“fight”).”)

Han character edit

鬥: Hán Nôm readings: đấu, dấu

1. chữ Hán form of đấu (“fight”).

Compounds edit