遐

Translingual edit

Han character edit

遐 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 卜口尸水 (YRSE), four-corner 3730₄, composition ⿺辶叚)

Derived characters edit

蕸

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1261, character 25
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39005
Dae Jaweon: page 1754, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3867, character 4
Unihan data for U+9050

Chinese edit

trad.		遐
simp. ^#		遐
alternative forms		徦

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 遐
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (叚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
葭	*kraː
麚	*kraː
瘕	kraː, kraːʔ
豭	*kraː
貑	*kraː
猳	*kraː
犌	*kraː
假	kraːʔ, kraːs
嘏	*kraːʔ
婽	*kraːʔ
椵	*kraːʔ
叚	*kraːʔ
蝦	qʰraː, ɡraː
煆	qʰraː, qʰraːs
霞	*ɡraː
遐	*ɡraː
瑕	*ɡraː
鰕	*ɡraː
碬	*ɡraː
蕸	*ɡraː
赮	*ɡraː
鍜	*ɡraː
騢	*ɡraː
暇	*ɡraːs

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gra (“long (period of time)”). Cognate with Burmese ကြာ (kra, “be a long time (since)”).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiá (xia²)
(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄚˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): haa⁴
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hâ / hêe / hēe

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiá
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siá
  - Wade–Giles: hsia²
  - Yale: syá
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shya
  - Palladius: ся (sja)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ä³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: haa⁴
  - Yale: hàh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: haa⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ha⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /haː²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hâ
  - Tâi-lô: hâ
  - Phofsit Daibuun: haa
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /ha²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ha²³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hêe
  - Tâi-lô: hêe
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɛ¹³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hēe
  - Tâi-lô: hēe
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɛ²²/

Middle Chinese: hae

Rime
Character	遐
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	胡加切
Baxter	hae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠa/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦᵚa/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣa/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦaɨ/
Li Rong	/ɣa/
Wang Li	/ɣa/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣa/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiá
Expected Cantonese Reflex	haa⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤra/
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡraː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	遐
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiá
Middle Chinese	‹ hæ ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˁra/
English	distant
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	遐
Reading #	1/1
No.	5966
Phonetic component	叚
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	遐
Old Chinese	/*ɡraː/

Definitions edit

遐

Compounds edit

俾爾遐福／俾尔遐福
八遐
動人遐思／动人遐思
升遐 (shēngxiá)
名傳遐邇／名传遐迩
名聞遐邇／名闻遐迩
天賜遐齡／天赐遐龄
室邇人遐／室迩人遐
引人遐思
登遐
聞名遐邇／闻名遐迩 (wénmíngxiá'ěr)
荒遐
遐國／遐国
遐布
遐心
遐思 (xiásī)
遐想 (xiáxiǎng)
遐方
遐方絕域／遐方绝域
遐方絕壤／遐方绝壤
遐棄／遐弃
遐眺
遐福
遐胄
遐舉／遐举
遐荒
遐跡／遐迹
遐軌／遐轨
遐邇／遐迩 (xiá'ěr)
遐邇一體／遐迩一体
遐邇聞名／遐迩闻名 (xiá'ěrwénmíng)
遐邇著聞／遐迩著闻
遐齡／遐龄 (xiálíng)

Etymology 2 edit

Possibly a contraction of 彼搭 (hit-tah). Compare 遮 (chiâ / chia / chiô / chiah).

Pronunciation 1 edit

trad.		遐
simp. ^#		遐
alternative forms		彼靴叱吪瓦

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hiâ / hia / hiô

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Magong, Jinjiang, Philippines)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiâ
  - Tâi-lô: hiâ
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiaa
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Jinjiang, Philippines): /hia²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Hsinchu, Kaohsiung, Lukang, Sanxia, Taichung, Tainan, Yilan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hia
  - Tâi-lô: hia
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiaf
  - IPA (Lukang): /hia³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /hia⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Kinmen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiô
  - Tâi-lô: hiô
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiooi
  - IPA (Kinmen): /hio²⁴/

Definitions edit

遐

(Hokkien) there

Synonyms edit

Dialectal synonyms of 那裡 (“there”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		那裡
Mandarin	Beijing	那兒, 那兒合兒, 那合兒
	Taiwan	那裡, 那
	Tianjin	那兒, 那兒合兒
	Harbin	那兒, 那疙兒, 那疙瘩
	Shenyang	那
	Yantai (Muping)	乜裡, 乜場兒
	Qingdao	那裡
	Jinan	那裡, 那兒
	Luoyang	那兒
	Wanrong	兀達, 奈達
	Zhengzhou	那兒
	Xi'an	兀搭兒, 𠰻兒
	Dingbian	那搭兒 †, 那搭搭 †, 兀搭兒 ‡, 兀搭搭 ‡, 兀尼尼 ‡, 那尼尼 ‡
	Yinchuan	那裡, 那點
	Lanzhou	奈達, 奈達裡, 奈達兒
	Xining	奈扎兒, 奈扎, 奈下
	Ürümqi	那達, 那達些
	Wuhan	那裡, 那歇, 那塊, 那塊歇
	Chengdu	那點兒, 那兒
	Guiyang	那點
	Kunming	那點兒
	Guilin	那塏
	Liuzhou	那塏, 那位子, 那裡, 那甿, 那塊
	Shanglin (Sanli)	那點
	Xuzhou	那來, 那下, 那點兒
	Yangzhou	那塊
	Nanjing	那塊, 那裡, 那兒
	Hefei	那格子, 那塊, 那蒿子
	Nantong	葛裡, 葛腳下
	Malaysia	那裡
	Singapore	那裡
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	那點, 那古
Cantonese	Guangzhou	嗰度, 嗰處
	Hong Kong	嗰度, 嗰處
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	嗰頭
	Macau	嗰度
	Foshan	嗰度, 嗰處
	Foshan (Shunde)	呀度
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	呶呢
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	嗰處
	Taishan	嚀, 嚀埞, 𡃕
	Kaiping (Chikan)	嚀
	Dongguan	嗰度, 嗰處
	Shaoguan	嗰度, 嗰處
	Yunfu	嗰度
	Yangjiang	乃, 乃處, 乃處塗
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	嗰度
	Singapore (Guangfu)	嗰度
Gan	Nanchang	許裡
	Lichuan	那咑
	Pingxiang	那裡
Hakka	Meixian	該仔, 該片
	Xingning	該裡
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	該子
	Changting	該角, 該裡
	Wuping (Pingyu)	該子
	Liancheng	該角, 該裡
	Ninghua	該角
	Ruijin	該塞子, 該營子
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	該位, 該搭
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	該位, 該搭, 該搭仔, 該息仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	該位, 該搭
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	該位, 該位項, 該搭
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	該位, 該搭
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	遐位, 遐跡位
	Hong Kong	該裡, 該定
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	該子
	Sabah (Longchuan)	那向
	Senai (Huiyang)	該位
	Kuching (Hepo)	嗰邊
	Singkawang	阿該, 該位
Huizhou	Jixi	面搭 ‡, 面吶 ‡, 那搭 †, 那吶 †
	Shexian	那吶, 那個落地, 那個許在
	Tunxi	麼仂
Jin	Taiyuan	兀裡 ‡, 那裡 †, 兀兒家, 那兒家
	Pingyao	𠰻兒
	Xinzhou	兀兒, 兀兒𠰻, 未忽婁兒
Northern Min	Jian'ou	兀裡
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	許塊, 許裡, 夫塊 suburbs, 夫塊所 dated or suburbs
	Fuqing	許裡, 許位
	Matsu	夫塊所
	Singapore (Fuqing)	許位
Southern Min	Xiamen	遐, 彼帶, 彼位, 彼搭, 彼跡
	Quanzhou	彼帶, 彼位, 彼搭, 彼跡
	Zhangzhou	遐, 彼位, 彼位仔
	Taipei	遐
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	遐
	Kaohsiung	遐
	Yilan	遐
	Changhua (Lukang)	遐
	Taichung	遐
	Tainan	遐
	Hsinchu	遐
	Kinmen	遐
	Penghu (Magong)	遐
	Penang (Hokkien)	彼落, 彼爿
	Singapore (Hokkien)	彼兜, 彼爿
	Manila (Hokkien)	遐, 彼搭, 彼兜
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	那裡
	Chaozhou	許塊
	Shantou	許塊
	Singapore (Teochew)	許塊
	Leizhou	許
	Haikou	奚帶, 許帶, 奚裡, 許裡
Puxian Min	Putian	遐, 許落
Puxian Min	Xianyou	遐
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	二啲, 二角啲
Wu	Shanghai	埃面搭, 埃面, 埃搭裡, 埃搭, 埃搭塊, 伊面, 伊搭裡, 伊搭, 伊搭塊, 伊頭
	Shanghai (Chongming)	個墩
	Suzhou	歸搭, 彎搭
	Danyang	過裡
	Hangzhou	那裡
	Ningbo	該面, 該廂, 該岸
	Wenzhou	旁單, 旁面, 旁頭, 許頭, 許面, 許柢, 犼, 犼宕
	Jinhua	末裡, 末汏
Xiang	Changsha	那裡, 那塊子
	Xiangtan	那當
	Loudi	偌𨛋, 那𨛋
	Shuangfeng	偌裡
	Quanzhou	那裡
Note	† - there (close to audience); ‡ - over there

Pronunciation 2 edit

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hiâ / hiah / hia

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiâ
  - Tâi-lô: hiâ
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiaa
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /hia²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiah
  - Tâi-lô: hiah
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiaq
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiaʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hia
  - Tâi-lô: hia
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiaf
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hia⁴⁴/

Definitions edit

遐

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) that; those

Pronunciation 3 edit

trad.		遐
simp. ^#		遐
alternative forms		許／许赫靴叱吪

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hiah

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiah
  - Tâi-lô: hiah
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiaq
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hiaʔ³²/

Definitions edit

遐

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, degree) so; that
- 倩特別護士一日兩千，一個月愛六萬，𪜶哪有遐濟錢來倩？ [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
  倩特别护士一日两千，一个月爱六万，𪜶哪有遐济钱来倩？ [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
  From: 林美麗, 大家·新婦
  Chhiàⁿ te̍k-pia̍t hō͘-sū chi̍t ji̍t nn̄g-chheng, chi̍t kò͘ goe̍h ài la̍k-bān, in ná ū hiah chē chîⁿ lâi chhiàⁿ? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
  Hiring a special duty nurse costs two thousand a day, sixty thousand a month. How do they have that much money to hire one?
(Zhangzhou Hokkien) final question particle expressing doubt