蕭

See also: 萧 and 䔥

蕭	U+856D, 蕭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-856D

← 蕬
[U+856C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

蕮 →
[U+856E]

Translingual edit

Traditional	蕭
Shinjitai (extended)	䔥
Simplified	萧

Han character edit

蕭 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 廿中難 (TLX), four-corner 4422₇, composition ⿱艹肅)

Derived characters edit

瀟櫹蠨

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1059, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32012
Dae Jaweon: page 1522, character 15
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3308, character 12
Unihan data for U+856D

Chinese edit

trad.		蕭
simp.		萧
2nd round simp.		肖

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (肅) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
簫	*sɯːw
蕭	*sɯːw
瀟	*sɯːw
潚	sɯːw, sɯwɢ
彇	*sɯːw
蟰	sɯːw, sɯwɢ
橚	sɯːw, sɯwɢ
嘯	*sɯːwɢs
歗	*sɯːwɢs
熽	*sɯːwɢs
繡	*sɯwɢs
鏽	*sɯwɢs
肅	*sɯwɢ
鷫	*sɯwɢ
驌	*sɯwɢ
鱐	*sɯwɢ
璛	*sɯwɢ

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): xiāo (xiao¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠ
(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xiao¹
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): siu¹
(Taishan, Dictionary): lhiau¹
Gan (Dictionary): xieu¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sêu
(Meixian, Guangdong): xiau¹
Eastern Min (BUC): siĕu
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sio / siau
(Teochew, Peng'im): siao¹ / siou¹
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹shiau

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiāo
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siao
  - Wade–Giles: hsiao¹
  - Yale: syāu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiau
  - Palladius: сяо (sjao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: xiao¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xiao
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiau⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: siu¹
  - Yale: sīu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: siu¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: xiu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siːu̯⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Dictionary: lhiau¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬiau³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Dictionary: xieu¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiɛu⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sêu
  - Hakka Romanization System: seu´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: seu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /seu̯²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: xiau¹
  - Sinological IPA: /siau⁴⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: siĕu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sieu⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sio
  - Tâi-lô: sio
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sioy
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sio³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sio⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siau
  - Tâi-lô: siau
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siaw
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siau³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siau⁴⁴/

Note:

sio - vernacular;
siau - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: siao¹ / siou¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siau / siou
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /siau³³/, /siou³³/

Note:

siao1 - Shantou;
siou1 - Chaozhou.

Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ¹shiau
  - MiniDict: shiau^平
  - Dictionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹xiau
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiɔ⁵³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 蕭
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕiau⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ɕiau⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/ɕiɑu²¹/
	Jinan	/ɕiɔ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/siɔ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/siau²⁴/
	Xi'an	/ɕiau²¹/
	Xining	/ɕiɔ⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕiɔ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/ɕiɔ³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ɕiɔ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/ɕiau⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/ɕiau⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/ɕiao⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/ɕiɔ⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/siɔo³¹/
	Hefei	/ɕiɔ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕiau¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ɕiɔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/ɕiɔ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɕiɔ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/siæ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ɕiɔ³³/
	Wenzhou	/ɕiɛ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/siɔ³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/siu¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/siau³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/siaɯ³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕiɛu⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/siau⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/seu²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/siu⁵³/
	Nanning	/ɬiu⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/siu⁵³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/siau⁵⁵/ /sio⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/sieu⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/siau⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/siau³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/siau²³/ /tiau²³/

Middle Chinese: sew

Rime
Character	蕭
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	蕭 (93)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	蘇彫切
Baxter	sew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/seu/
Pan Wuyun	/seu/
Shao Rongfen	/seu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɛw/
Li Rong	/seu/
Wang Li	/sieu/
Bernard Karlgren	/sieu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiāo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	siu¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*sˤiw/
(Zhengzhang): /*sɯːw/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	蕭	蕭
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiāo	xiāo
Middle Chinese	‹ sew ›	‹ sew ›
Old Chinese	/*sˁiw/	/*sˁiw/
English	Artemisia	蕭蕭 neighing of horses
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蕭
Reading #	1/1
No.	12114
Phonetic component	肅
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	蕭
Old Chinese	/*sɯːw/

Definitions edit

蕭

(obsolete) Chinese mugwort (Artemisia argyi)
- 彼采蕭兮，一日不見，如三秋兮。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  彼采萧兮，一日不见，如三秋兮。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Bǐ cǎi xiāo xī, yīrì bù jiàn, rú sān qiū xī. [Pinyin]
  There he is gathering the oxtail-southern-wood!
  A day without seeing him,
  Is like three seasons!
desolate; bleak
(obsolete) Alternative form of 肅／肃 (“respectful”)
(～國) (historical) Xiao (an ancient state during the Spring and Autumn period, located in modern-day Xiao County, Anhui)
- 冬，楚子伐蕭，宋華椒以蔡人救蕭。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  冬，楚子伐萧，宋华椒以蔡人救萧。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Dōng, Chǔ zǐ fá Xiāo, Sòng Huà Jiāo yǐ Cài rén jiù Xiāo. [Pinyin]
  In winter the viscount of Chu invaded Xiao, which Hua Jiao of Song, with a body of men from Cai, endeavoured to relieve.
(～縣) Xiao County (a county of Anhui, China)
a surname
蕭颯／萧飒 ― Xiāo Sà ― Hsiao Sa (Taiwanese author)

Usage notes edit

The character 肖 is more commonly used in the simplified script instead of 萧, when used as a surname or in transcriptions.

Descendants edit

→ English: Hsiao, Xiao, Siu

Compounds edit

亂作蕭牆／乱作萧墙
刁蕭／刁萧
囊篋蕭然／囊箧萧然
四壁蕭條／四壁萧条
東坦蕭然／东坦萧然
環堵蕭然／环堵萧然
禍發蕭牆／祸发萧墙
禍稔蕭牆／祸稔萧墙
禍起蕭牆／祸起萧墙 (huòqǐxiāoqiáng)
經濟蕭條／经济萧条
蓼蕭／蓼萧
蕭史／萧史
蕭娘／萧娘
蕭寺／萧寺
蕭山／萧山 (Xiāoshān)
蕭散／萧散
蕭曹／萧曹
蕭條／萧条 (xiāotiáo)
蕭森／萧森
蕭灑／萧洒 (xiāosǎ)
蕭然／萧然
蕭牆／萧墙 (xiāoqiáng)
蕭牆之禍／萧墙之祸
蕭牆禍起／萧墙祸起
蕭瑟／萧瑟 (xiāosè)
蕭疏／萧疏 (xiāoshū)
蕭索／萧索 (xiāosuǒ)
蕭艾／萧艾
蕭蔘／萧𦲞
蕭蕭／萧萧 (xiāoxiāo)
蕭薔／萧蔷
蕭行范篆
蕭規／萧规
蕭規曹隨／萧规曹随 (xiāoguīcáosuí)
蕭邦／萧邦 (Xiāobāng)
蕭郎／萧郎 (xiāoláng)
蕭關／萧关 (Xiāoguān)
蕭颯／萧飒
蕭齋／萧斋
蘭玉蕭條／兰玉萧条
蘭芷蕭艾／兰芷萧艾
變起蕭牆／变起萧墙 (biànqǐxiāoqiáng)
身後蕭條／身后萧条
釁發蕭牆／衅发萧墙
釁起蕭牆／衅起萧墙
風雨蕭條／风雨萧条
飄蕭／飘萧

Japanese edit

Shinjitai	䔥
Kyūjitai	蕭

Kanji edit

蕭

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 䔥)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings edit

Go-on: しょう (shō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
Kan-on: しょう (shō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
Kun: よもぎ (yomogi, 蕭)

Korean edit

Hanja edit

蕭 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

蕭: Hán Nôm readings: tiêu

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.