禱

See also: 祷

禱	U+79B1, 禱 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-79B1

← 禰
[U+79B0]

CJK Unified Ideographs

禲 →
[U+79B2]

Translingual edit

Japanese	祷
Simplified	祷
Traditional	禱

Han character edit

禱 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+14, 19 strokes, cangjie input 戈火土弓戈 (IFGNI), four-corner 3424₁, composition ⿰礻壽)

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 847, character 16
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24852
Dae Jaweon: page 1269, character 5
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2410, character 10
Unihan data for U+79B1

Chinese edit

trad.		禱
simp.		祷
alternative forms		𥛇𥛈𥙸𥜣𮖻

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (壽) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
禱	tuːʔ, tuːs
擣	*tuːʔ
檮	tuːʔ, duː, *du
壔	*tuːʔ
懤	tuːʔ, du, *dus
濤	duː, duː
燾	duː, duːs
翿	duː, duːs
幬	duːs, du
儔	duːs, du
譸	*tu
籌	*du
疇	*du
躊	*du
燽	*du
薵	*du
魗	tʰjuʔ, dju
醻	*dju
壽	djuʔ, djus
璹	djuʔ, djuɡ
鑄	*tjos

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dǎo (dao³)
(Zhuyin): ㄉㄠˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tou², dou²
Eastern Min (BUC): dō̤
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tó / tó͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dǎo
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄠˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dǎo
  - Wade–Giles: tao³
  - Yale: dǎu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dao
  - Palladius: дао (dao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: tou², dou²
  - Yale: tóu, dóu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tou², dou²
  - Guangdong Romanization: tou², dou²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰou̯³⁵/, /tou̯³⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dō̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /to³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tó
  - Tâi-lô: tó
  - Phofsit Daibuun: doir
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /to⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /to⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tó͘
  - Tâi-lô: tóo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dor
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ⁵⁵⁴/

Middle Chinese: tawX, tawH

Rime
Character	禱	禱
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	端 (5)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	都晧切	都導切
Baxter	tawX	tawH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tɑu^X/	/tɑu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/tɑu^X/	/tɑu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/tɑu^X/	/tɑu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/taw^X/	/taw^H/
Li Rong	/tɑu^X/	/tɑu^H/
Wang Li	/tɑu^X/	/tɑu^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/tɑu^X/	/tɑu^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dǎo	dào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dou²	dou³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[t]ˤuʔ/
(Zhengzhang): /*tuːʔ/, /*tuːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	禱
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dǎo
Middle Chinese	‹ taw^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[t]ˁuʔ/
English	pray
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	禱	禱
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	11678	11683
Phonetic component	壽	壽
Rime group	幽	幽
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	倒	到
Old Chinese	/*tuːʔ/	/*tuːs/

Definitions edit

禱

to pray
默禱／默祷 ― mòdǎo ― to pray silently
- 吉日維戊，既伯既禱。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  吉日维戊，既伯既祷。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Jírì wéi wù, jì bó jì dǎo. [Pinyin]
  A lucky day was wù, and we sacrificed on it to the Ruler of horses, and prayed.
- 1999, 西伯 (lyrics and music), “上帝聽禱告”‎^[1]performed by 鄧婉玲 [Mimi Tang] and 蘇如紅 [Ivy So]:
  神啊　可否聽聽我禱 [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
  神啊　可否听听我祷 [Literary Cantonese, simp.]
  san⁴ aa³, ho² fau² teng¹ teng¹ ngo⁵ tou² [Jyutping]
  O God, can You listen to me pray?

Compounds edit

丘禱／丘祷
代禱／代祷 (dàidǎo)
企禱／企祷
分禱／分祷
厭禱／厌祷
善頌善禱／善颂善祷
塞禱／塞祷
宜禱／宜祷 (yídǎo)
密禱／密祷
情禱／情祷
惡禱／恶祷
懇禱／恳祷
戰禱／战祷
拜禱／拜祷
攻禱／攻祷
啟禱／启祷
早禱／早祷
晨禱／晨祷 (chéndǎo)
晚禱／晚祷 (wǎndǎo)
桑林禱／桑林祷
步禱／步祷
泣禱／泣祷
湯禱桑林／汤祷桑林
澆禱／浇祷
焚禱／焚祷
申禱／申祷
盼禱／盼祷
祀禱／祀祷
祈晴禱雨／祈晴祷雨
祈禱／祈祷 (qídǎo)
祈禱文／祈祷文
祈風禱雨／祈风祷雨
祝禱／祝祷 (zhùdǎo)
祠禱／祠祷
祭禱／祭祷
禜禱／𰱈祷
禡禱／祃祷
禱切／祷切
禱告／祷告 (dǎogào)
禱塞／祷塞
禱巫／祷巫
禱念／祷念
禱戰／祷战
禱文／祷文 (dǎowén)
禱書／祷书
禱求／祷求
禱牲／祷牲
禱獻／祷献
禱盼／祷盼
禱祀／祷祀
禱祈／祷祈 (dǎoqí)
禱祉／祷祉
禱祠／祷祠
禱祝／祷祝 (dǎozhù)
禱福／祷福
禱禬／祷𰧻
禱禳／祷禳
禱詞／祷词
禱請／祷请
禱謝／祷谢
禱賽／祷赛
禱辭／祷辞
禱雨／祷雨
禱雩／祷雩
禱頌／祷颂
禳禱／禳祷
籲禱／吁祷
至禱／至祷
致禱／致祷
葆禱／葆祷
解禱／解祷
請禱／请祷
讄禱／讄祷
賽禱／赛祷
醊禱／醊祷
雩禱／雩祷
頌禱／颂祷 (sòngdǎo)
馨香禱祝／馨香祷祝
默禱／默祷 (mòdǎo)
齋禱／斋祷

References edit

“禱”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese edit

Shinjitai	祷
Kyūjitai	禱

Kanji edit

禱

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 祷)

Readings edit

Go-on: とう (tō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
Kan-on: とう (tō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
Kun: いのり (inori, 禱り); いのる (inoru, 禱る); まつる (matsuru, 禱る)

Korean edit

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation edit

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [to̞]
Phonetic hangul: [도]

Hanja edit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

禱

Wikisource

禱 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to, Yale to)

to pray