爓

爓	U+7213, 爓 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7213

← 爒
[U+7212]

CJK Unified Ideographs

爔 →
[U+7214]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

爓 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+16, 20 strokes, cangjie input 火日弓難 (FANX), four-corner 9782₀, composition ⿰火閻)

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 687, character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19574
Dae Jaweon: page 1099, character 23
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2247, character 15
Unihan data for U+7213

Chinese edit

trad.		爓
simp.		𰟘

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (臽) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
萏	*l'oːmʔ
窞	*l'oːmʔ
惂	*kʰloːmʔ
輡	*kʰloːmʔ
錎	kʰloːmʔ, ɡroːms
埳	*kʰloːmʔ
臽	kʰloːmʔ, ɡroːms
淊	ɡloːmʔ, qroːm, qroːms, lomʔ
欿	*ɡloːmʔ
蜭	ɡloːmʔ, ɡluːms
啗	l'aːmʔ, l'aːms
鵮	ʔr'oːm, kʰroːm, *kʰroːms
餡	*ɡroːms
陷	*ɡroːms
爓	ljom, loms
諂	*l̥ʰomʔ
讇	*l̥ʰomʔ
閻	*lom
焰	*loms
壛	*lom
櫩	*lom
燄	*lomʔ
掐	*kʰroːb

Pronunciation 1 edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yàn (yan⁴)
(Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jim⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yàn
  - Wade–Giles: yen⁴
  - Yale: yàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yann
  - Palladius: янь (janʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jim⁶
  - Yale: yihm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jim⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yim⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːm²²/

Middle Chinese: yemH

Rime
Character	爓
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	鹽 (153)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	以贍切
Baxter	yemH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiᴇm^H/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɛm^H/
Shao Rongfen	/jæm^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jiam^H/
Li Rong	/iɛm^H/
Wang Li	/jĭɛm^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ɛm^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jim⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]om-s/
(Zhengzhang): /*loms/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	爓
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yàn
Middle Chinese	‹ yem^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]om-s/
English	brightness
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	爓
Reading #	2/2
No.	13569
Phonetic component	臽
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	豔
Old Chinese	/*loms/

Definitions edit

爓

Alternative form of 焰 (yàn, “flame”)

Pronunciation 2 edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xún (xun²)
(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄣˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xún
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syún
  - Wade–Giles: hsün²
  - Yale: syún
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyun
  - Palladius: сюнь (sjunʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕyn³⁵/

Middle Chinese: zjem

Rime
Character	爓
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	鹽 (153)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	徐鹽切
Baxter	zjem
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ziᴇm/
Pan Wuyun	/ziɛm/
Shao Rongfen	/zjæm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ziam/
Li Rong	/ziɛm/
Wang Li	/zĭɛm/
Bernard Karlgren	/zi̯ɛm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xián
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cim⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[sə-l][ə]m/
(Zhengzhang): /*ljom/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	爓
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xún
Middle Chinese	‹ zim ›
Old Chinese	/*[sə-l][ə]m/
English	sacrifice of boiled meat
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	爓
Reading #	1/2
No.	13561
Phonetic component	臽
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	燅
Old Chinese	/*ljom/
Notes	同燖

Definitions edit

爓

Alternative form of 燖／𬊈

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

爓

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

flame

Readings edit

(Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this pronunciation?)
From Middle Chinese 爓 (MC yemH):

Go-on: えん (en)^{←えん (en, historical)}^{←えむ (emu, ancient)}
Kan-on: えん (en)^{←えん (en, historical)}^{←えむ (emu, ancient)}
Kun: ほのお (honō)^{←ほのほ (fonofo, historical)}

From Middle Chinese 爓 (MC zjem):

Go-on: ぜん (zen)^{←ぜん (zen, historical)}^{←ぜむ (zemu, ancient)}
Kan-on: せん (sen)^{←せん (sen, historical)}^{←せむ (semu, ancient)}

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