忍

Han character edit

忍 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 尸戈心 (SIP), four-corner 1733₂, composition ⿱刃心)

Derived characters edit

• 𠗋, 𠴍, 𡝖, 𢂻, 𢚴, 𢭝, 涊, 𭸑, 梕, 𤉃, 㸾, 䏰, 𥚆, 𥆾, 𫀷, 𪞹, 𪪄, 綛, 𦓖, 𦖆, 𬠍, 𧖷, 認, 躵, 𨧟, 𨲅, 𢠗, 𩈢, 𩊫, 𥊟, 𪐁
• 𫻉, 荵, 𭞂, 𩇻, 𤶝

References edit

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 376, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10312
• Dae Jaweon: page 702, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2271, character 3
• Unihan data for U+5FCD

• Unihan data for U+2F89D

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 忍
Warring States			Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *njɯnʔ) : phonetic 刃 (OC *njɯns, “blade”) + semantic 心 (“heart”).

Etymology edit

“to bear, to endure, to suffer”

From Sino-Tibetan; cognate with Tibetan ཉན་པ (nyan pa, “to be able”) (Schuessler (2007))

“cruel”

From Sino-Tibetan; cognate with Tibetan གཉན་པ (gnyan pa, “cruel, fierce, severe”) (ibid.).

Pronunciation edit

Definitions edit

忍

1. to endure; to bear; to suffer

   • 人皆有所不忍，達之於其所忍，仁也。人皆有所不為，達之於其所為，義也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     人皆有所不忍，达之于其所忍，仁也。人皆有所不为，达之于其所为，义也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Rén jiē yǒu suǒbùrěn, dá zhī yú qí suǒrěn, rén yě. Rén jiē yǒu suǒbùwéi, dá zhī yú qí suǒwéi, yì yě. [Pinyin]

     All men have some things which they cannot bear; extend that feeling to what they can bear, and humaneness will be the result. All men have some things which they will not do; extend that feeling to the things which they do, and righteousness will be the result.

2. to forbear

   忍笑  ―  rěn xiào  ―  to stifle a laugh

   忍著眼淚／忍着眼泪  ―  rěn zhe yǎnlèi  ―  to hold back tears

   • 子曰：「巧言亂德，小不忍則亂大謀。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     子曰：「巧言乱德，小不忍则乱大谋。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE

     Zǐyuē: “Qiǎoyán luàn dé, xiǎobùrěn zé luàn dàmóu.” [Pinyin]

     The Master said, "Crafty words confound virtue. Want of forbearance in small matters confounds great plans."

3. to have the heart to; to be hardhearted enough to
4. (literary) cruel; callous

   • 維此良人、弗求弗迪。
     維彼忍心、是顧是復。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     维此良人、弗求弗迪。
     维彼忍心、是顾是复。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Wéi cǐ liángrén, fúqiú fúdí.
     Wéi bǐ rěnxīn, shìgù shìfù. [Pinyin]

     Here is a good man, but he is not sought out nor employed.
     There is a cruel-hearted man, and he is thought of and promoted once and again.

Synonyms edit

• (to endure):

• (to have the heart to): 忍心 (rěnxīn)
• (cruel):

Compounds edit

Descendants edit

• → Vietnamese: nhịn

References edit

• “忍”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Shinjitai	忍
Kyūjitai [1]	忍󠄁 忍+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	忍󠄄 忍+󠄄? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji edit

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. patience, endurance, stamina.

Readings edit

• Go-on: にん (nin, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: じん (jin)
• Kun: しのぶ (shinobu, 忍ぶ, Jōyō); しのばせる (shinobaseru, 忍ばせる, Jōyō)
• Nanori: おし (oshi); しの (shino); しのぶ (shinobu); たう (tau); たふ (tafu)

Compounds edit

Etymology edit

Proper noun edit

忍(しのぶ) • (Shinobu) 

1. a unisex given name
2. a surname

References edit

Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation edit

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [in]
• Phonetic hangul: [인]

Hanja edit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

忍

Wikisource

忍 (eumhun 참다 인 (chamda in))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Han character edit

忍: Hán Nôm readings: nhẫn, nhịn, những, nhẩn, nhẵn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.