哄

Translingual edit

Han character edit

哄 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 口廿金 (RTC), four-corner 6408₁, composition ⿰口共)

Related characters edit

鬨, 閧 (Variant traditional forms in mainland China)

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 188, character 20
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3588
Dae Jaweon: page 408, character 7
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 612, character 3
Unihan data for U+54C4

Chinese edit

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (共) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
港	kroːŋʔ, ɡloːŋs
巷	*ɡroːŋs
衖	*ɡroːŋs
鬨	ɡroːŋs, ɡloːŋs
烘	qʰloːŋ, qʰloːŋs, ɡoːŋ, ɡloːŋs
洪	*ɡloːŋ
鉷	*ɡloːŋ
谼	*ɡloːŋ
葓	*ɡoːŋ
哄	*ɡloːŋs
蕻	*ɡloːŋs
恭	*kloŋ
供	kloŋ, kloŋs
龔	*kloŋ
珙	kloŋ, kloŋʔ
共	kloŋ, ɡloŋs
髸	*kloŋ
拱	*kloŋʔ
拲	kloŋʔ, kloɡ
蛬	kloŋʔ, ɡloŋ
栱	*kloŋʔ
輁	kloŋʔ, ɡloŋ
舼	*ɡloŋ
輂	*kloɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡloːŋs) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 共 (OC *kloŋ, *ɡloŋs).

Etymology 1 edit

simp. and trad.		哄
alternative forms		嚇／吓 Hokkien

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hǒng (hong³)
(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄥˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hung⁶, hung³
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hóng / hōng / háng / háⁿ
(Teochew, Peng'im): hong²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hǒng
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄥˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hǒng
  - Wade–Giles: hung³
  - Yale: hǔng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hoong
  - Palladius: хун (xun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xʊŋ²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hung⁶, hung³
  - Yale: huhng, hung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hung⁶, hung³
  - Guangdong Romanization: hung⁶, hung³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ²²/, /hʊŋ³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hóng
  - Tâi-lô: hóng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: horng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hōng
  - Tâi-lô: hōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hong
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: háng
  - Tâi-lô: háng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: harng
  - IPA (Singapore): /haŋ⁴²/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /haŋ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /haŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /haŋ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: háⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: hánn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hvar
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /hã⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hã⁴¹/

Note:

hóng - literary;
háng/háⁿ - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: hong²
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hóng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /hoŋ⁵²/

Middle Chinese: huwngH

Rime
Character	哄
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡貢切
Baxter	huwngH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦəwŋ^H/
Li Rong	/ɣuŋ^H/
Wang Li	/ɣuŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡloːŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	哄
Reading #	1/1
No.	4161
Phonetic component	共
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	哄
Old Chinese	/*ɡloːŋs/

Definitions edit

哄

to fool; to cheat
to keep (especially a child) in good humor; to coax
(Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taiwanese and Singapore Hokkien) to frighten; to menace; to threaten; to intimidate by violent language

Compounds edit

侵哄
哄人
哄哄
哄嚇騙詐／哄吓骗诈
哄弄
哄賺／哄赚
哄頭／哄头
哄騙／哄骗 (hǒngpiàn)
啜哄
打哄
撮科打哄
攛哄／撺哄
攛哄鳥亂／撺哄鸟乱
曾著賣糖君子哄，如今不信口甜人／曾著卖糖君子哄，如今不信口甜人 (céng zhāo mài táng jūnzǐ hǒng, rújīn bùxìn kǒutián rén)
瞞哄／瞒哄 (mánhǒng)
蒙哄
詐哄／诈哄
誆哄／诓哄
調哄／调哄
賺哄／赚哄

Etymology 2 edit

simp. and trad.		哄

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hōng (hong¹)
(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hung¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hong / hang
(Teochew, Peng'im): hong¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hōng
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hong
  - Wade–Giles: hung¹
  - Yale: hūng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hong
  - Palladius: хун (xun)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xʊŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hung¹
  - Yale: hūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: hung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hong
  - Tâi-lô: hong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hofng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hang
  - Tâi-lô: hang
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hafng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /haŋ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /haŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

hong - literary;
hang - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: hong¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hong
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /hoŋ³³/

Definitions edit

哄

(of many people) to vocalize simultaneously
See also: 叿

Compounds edit

一哄而上
一哄而散
一哄而起 (yīhōng'érqǐ)
一哄而集
串哄
亂哄哄／乱哄哄
和哄
哄傳／哄传
哄傳一時／哄传一时
哄動／哄动 (hōngdòng)
哄哄翕翕
哄堂 (hōngtáng)
哄堂大笑 (hōngtángdàxiào)
哄抬 (hōngtái)
哄抬物價／哄抬物价
哄搶／哄抢
哄然
喧哄
打和哄
熱鬧哄哄／热闹哄哄
稀里打哄
胡廝哄／胡厮哄
趁哄
趁哄打劫
鬧哄哄／闹哄哄

Etymology 3 edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 哄 – see 鬨 (“to fight; to combat; to cause a commotion or disturbance”). (This character is the simplified form of 鬨).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 4 edit

simp. and trad.		哄
alternative forms		烘

Pronunciation edit

Cantonese (Jyutping): hung⁶, hung³

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hung⁶, hung³
  - Yale: huhng, hung
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hung⁶, hung³
  - Guangdong Romanization: hung⁶, hung³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ²²/, /hʊŋ³³/

Note: hung3 - Hong Kong.

Definitions edit

哄

(Cantonese) to move close to (somebody); to crowd (somebody)
哄埋嚟我度做咩啫？ [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
hung³ maai⁴ lai⁴ ngo⁵ dou⁶ zou⁶ me¹ ze¹? [Jyutping]
(please add an English translation of this usage example)

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

哄

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings edit

Go-on: く (ku); ぐ (gu)
Kan-on: こう (kō)
Kun: こえ (koe, 哄)^{←こゑ (kowe, 哄, historical)}; たぶらかす (taburakasu)

Korean edit

Hanja edit

哄 (eum 홍 (hong))

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Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

哄: Hán Nôm readings: họng, hống, hòng, ngọng, rống

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References edit

Nom Foundation